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深圳近海 |
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沉积物 |
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重金属 |
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地累积指数 |
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潜在生态危害评价 |
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戴纪翠 |
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高晓薇 |
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倪晋仁 |
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尹魁浩 |
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根据2000—2007年深圳近海海域表层沉积物的基础监测资料, 采用地累积指数和潜在生态危害指数两种评价方法, 对该区域沉积物中重金属的污染状况进行了分析和研究。结果表明, 深圳近海海域沉积环境在一定程度上已受到了重金属的污染, 除固戍近海外, 大部分海域基本上为II类沉积物, 其污染程度大小顺序为: 固戍近海＞深圳湾中＞深圳湾口＞沙头角湾口。其中沉积物中Cu和Zn超标严重, 固戍近海沉积物中Cu和Zn平均含量分别为128.96mg.kg-1和199.40mg.kg-1, 为III类沉积物。研究还表明, 深圳近海海域基本上不存在重金属潜在的生态危害, 7种重金属潜在的生态危害大小顺序为: Hg＞Cd＞Cu＞As＞Pb＞Cr＞Zn。
Based on the field data of Shenzhen coastal surface sediments from 2000–2007, methods of geo-accumulation index and potential ecological risk index are employed to evaluate heavy-metal pollution status in the area. Results show that Shenzhen coastal sediments have been polluted by heavy metals. The quality degree of most coastal sediments are Class II except for the Gushu Coast. The severity of heavy-metal pollution is: the Gushu Coast, the middle of the Shenzhen Bay, the mouth of the Shenzhen Bay, followed by the mouth of the Shatoujiao Bay that is least polluted. Among heavy metals found in the sediments, Cu and Zn are the two most seriously-polluting elements. The average contents of Cu and Zn in Gushu coastal sediments are 128.96mg·kg−1 and 199.40mg·kg−1, belonging to Class III; other coastal areas of Shenzhen belong to Class II. The results also reveal that there are no potential ecological risks for Shenzhen coastal sediments. The order of potential ecological risks is, Hg＞Cd＞Cu＞As＞Pb＞Cr＞Zn.
中国博士后科学基金资助(20080440246); 深圳市环保局环境科研专项资金(深圳市水环境若干关键问题及其技术对策研究)
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