准确识别红树林病虫害及监测其变化过程，对红树林生态系统保护、修复具有重要意义。2023年广西铁山港红树林发生了严重的红树林病虫害，使用国产环境减灾二号卫星（HJ2A、HJ2B)的快速获取数据的特点，通过反演遥感植被归一化植被指数(normalized difference vegetation index,NDVI)和植被覆盖度（fractional vegetation cover, ‌FVC）参数，进行阈值分割，获取受病虫害红树林的面积及受害程度。结果表明：①2023年铁山港受病虫害影响的红树林最大面积为571.52 hm²，占铁山港红树林总面积的51.60%。②当0.1≤FVC≤0.5时，红树林受病虫害侵害，对病虫害红树林的受灾程度划分为3个等级，其中0.1≤FVC<0.23为重度受灾，0.23≤FVC<0.46为中度受灾，0.46≤FVC≤0.5为轻度受灾，其中2023年10月8日重度受灾的红树林为257.82hm²，占该时间受灾红树林面积的45.11%。③2023年10月8日时铁山港病虫害红树林面积最大且受灾程度最严重。

Accurately identifying and monitoring the changes in red mangrove pest and disease outbreaks is of great importance for the protection and restoration of red mangrove ecosystems. In 2023, a serious red mangrove pest and disease outbreak occurred in Tieshan Gang, Guangxi. Using the rapid data acquisition feature of the Huanjing Jianzai-2A/B(HJ-2A/B) satellite (HJ2A and HJ2B), the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and fractional vegetation cover (FVC) parameters were inverted through remote sensing, and a threshold segmentation was performed to obtain the area and degree of damage to the red mangrove forests affected by the pest and disease. The results show that:① In 2023, the maximum area of red mangrove forests affected by pests and diseases in Tieshan Gang was 571.52 hm², accounting for 51.60% of the total area of red mangrove forests in Tieshan Gang.② When 0.1≤FVC≤0.5, the red mangrove forests are affected by pests and diseases. The degree of damage to the affected red mangrove forests was divided into three grades based on FVC, with 0.1≤FVC<0.23 being severe damage, 0.23≤FVC<0.46 being moderate damage, and 0.46≤FVC≤0.5 being light damage. Among them, the red mangrove forest with severe damage on October 8, 2023 was 257.82 hectares, accounting for 45.11% of the total affected red mangrove forest area at that time.③ On October 8, 2023, the area of red mangrove forests affected by pests and diseases in Tieshan Gang was the largest and the degree of damage was the most severe.