为了研究海萝的非繁殖季节孢子育苗方法, 进行了2个实验来研究海萝种藻冷冻保存对其释放孢子量及孢子附着的影响。1)6组不同风干程度海萝种藻在-18℃冷冻保存6个月后取出在16℃水中进行孢子的释放, 种藻风干到干重为原鲜重约25%的组, 孢子的保存效果最好, 该组种藻释放孢子量约为对照组(未经风干和保存的种藻)的77. 6%, 且孢子的附着率与对照组的差异性不显著; 2)风干到重量为原鲜重约1/4的种藻分别保存于-18℃、-36℃、-80℃, 在保存8个月后, 每一保存温度下的种藻分别在8℃、12℃、16℃、20℃水中释放孢子, 种藻在水温12℃下释放的孢子量最多; 保存于-36℃、-80℃的种藻较保存于-18℃的释放孢子量多。本实验结果为海萝的非繁殖季节孢子育苗找到一种简便的方法, 也为该属藻类的种质保存提供了参考。
In order to study spore culture of Gloiopeltis furcata in non-reproduction season, two experiments were conducted on freezing storage of fertile Gloiopeltis furcata in terms of its released spores’ number and spores’ attachment. In the first experiment, six group of fertile Gloiopeltis furcata of different dry-degree was preserved at - 18 ℃ for six months and then released at water temperature of 16 ℃ . The results showed that the best preservation effect of fertile Gloiopeltis furcata was the group that dry weight was about 25% of its fresh weight. The released spores’ number of this group was about 77.6% of the control group (the fertile Gloiopeltis furcata which was not dealed with air drying and preservation) and there was no significant difference in spores’ attachment between this group and the control group. In the second experiment, fertile Gloiopeltis furcata that dry weight was about 1/4 of its fresh weight was preserved at - 18 ℃ , - 36 ℃ , and - 80 ℃ for eight months and then released spores at water temperature of 8 ℃ , 12 ℃ , 16 ℃ , and 20 ℃ . The results showed maximum spores appeared at water temperature of 12 ℃ and fertile Gloiopeltis furcata that preserved at - 36 ℃ and - 80 ℃ released more spores than those preserved at - 18 ℃ . The two experiments showed a simple and convenient method for spore culture of Gloiopeltis furcata in non-reproduction season and would assist the preservation of germ plasm of Gloiopeltis.
[1] 曾呈奎, 张德瑞. 中国经济海藻志 [M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 1962: 123-178.
[2] 中国人民解放军后勤部卫生部, 上海医药工业研究所. 中国药用海洋生物 [M]. 上海: 上海人民出版社, 1977: 27.
[3] 余 杰, 许肇成, 颜璐璐, 等. 海萝多糖抗突变与抗肿瘤作用的研究 [J]. 汕头大学学报: 自然科学版, 2007, 22(2): 59-63.
[4] 吴进锋, 陈素文, 陈利雄, 等. 广东沿海海萝属藻类生态与分布调查 [J]. 南方水产, 2007, 3(5): 7-13.
[5] 須藤俊造. フノリの養殖 (A)[ M ]. 水産學集成. 日本: 東京大學出版會, 1957: 819-828.
[6] TAYLOR R, FLETCHER R L ． Cryopreservation of eukaryotic algae-a review of methodologies[J]. Journal of Applied Phycology, 1999, 10: 481-501.
[7] TAYLOR R, FLETCHER R L. A simple method for the freeze-preservation of zoospores of the green macroalga Enteromorpha intestinalis [J]. Journal of Applied Phycology, 1999, 11: 257–262.
[8] DATTA B H, BABITA P, YONG-KI H, et al. A simple method to preserve algal spores of Ulva spp. in cold storage with ampicillin[J]. Hydrobiologia, 2007, 592(1): 399-404.
[9] 张玉荣, 李大鹏, 于子山. 大型海藻种质保存的原理和方法 [J]. 海洋科学, 2009, 33 (7): 107-112.
[10] 陈国宜, 阙求登．几种红藻孢子的超低温保存 [J] ．热带海洋, 1989, 8(1): 67-72.
[11] 殷明焱. 组织培养保存大型海藻种质的研究 [D]. 青岛: 中国科学院海洋研究所, 2005: 1-107.
[12] CHEN S W, WU J F, CHEN L X, et al. Effects of light and temperature on the attachment and development of Gloiopeltis tenax and Gloiopeltis furcata tetraspores[J]. Journal of Applied Phycology, 2011, 23: 1045-1051.
[13] KUWANO K, ARUGA Y, SAGA N. Preliminary study on cryopreservation of the conchocelis of Porphyra yezoensis [J]. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 1992, 58(10 ): 1793–1798.
[14] 邹定辉, 高坤山. 羊栖菜离体生殖托低温超低温的保存 [J]. 水产学报, 2010, 34(6): 935-941.
[15] 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所. 海萝属藻类种藻的保存育苗方法: 中国, 200810030121. 5[P]. 2009-01-14.
