Journal of Tropical Oceanography >
Immunoactivity and Amino Acid Analysis of Enzymatic Hydrolysates of Thunnus albacares
Copy editor: LIN Qiang
Received date: 2020-11-18
Revised date: 2020-12-27
Online published: 2021-01-04
Supported by
Research and Development Plans in Key Areas of Guangdong Province(2020B1111030004)
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC0311202)
Research and Development Plans in Key Areas of Guangdong Province(2020B1111030004)
Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2018A030313088)
Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2018A0303130144)
Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2018A030313626)
Copyright
In this study, we evaluated the immune activity of ultrafiltration components from yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) meat hydrolyzed by four different proteases on RAW264.7 cells. The RAW264.7 cell line was used as the cell activity screening model in vitro. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT), neutral red and Griess reagent methods were used to detect cell activity, phagocytosis capability and nitric oxide levels in cell culture medium. The amino-acids composition and molecular weight distribution of the hydrolysate were also analyzed. The results show that trypsin hydrolysate had no obvious cytotoxicity in the range of 12.5-200 μg·mL-1 for RAW264.7 cells. It could enhance the phagocytic capacity, and reached the maximum value of 132.50% (P<0.01) at the concentration of 400 μg·mL-1. In the concentration range of 50-200 μg·mL -1, the trypsin hydrolysate could promote nitric oxide release of macrophages (P<0.01), and there was a dose-effect relationship between NO release and the concentration of enzymolysis solution. The content of essential amino acid (EAA, 51.09%) of trypsin hydrolysate was higher than those of the other enzymatic hydrolysates, and the contents of histidine (His, 11.59%), lysine (Lys, 11.00%) and arginine (Arg, 6.90%) were also higher than those of the other enzymatic hydrolysates. The content of small peptides with molecular weight less than 1k Da was as high as 97.48% in trypsin hydrolysate. In the four protease hydrolysates, the 3k Da peptide fraction of trypsin hydrolysate of tuna meat had obvious immune activity, which provides a theoretical basis for its development and utilization as a functional ingredient.
Key words: Thunnus albacares; polypeptide; immunomodulatory activity; amino acid
WU Chujun , PAN Jianyu , CAI Bingna , TAO Shuhong . Immunoactivity and Amino Acid Analysis of Enzymatic Hydrolysates of Thunnus albacares[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2021 , 40(6) : 128 -134 . DOI: 10.11978/2020136
表1 金枪鱼肉酶解条件Tab. 1 Enzymolysis conditions of tuna meat |
样品组别 | 酶种类 | 料液比(V/V) | pH | 水解温度/℃ | 酶量/( U·g-1) | 水解时长/h |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TPP | 胃蛋白酶 | 1:3 | 2.0 | 37 | 2500 | 6 |
TPT | 胰蛋白酶 | 8.0 | 37 | 3000 | 6 | |
TPA | 碱性蛋白酶 | 8.0 | 50 | 3000 | 4 | |
TPPT | 胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶 | 2.0、8.0 | 37 | 2500、3000 | 2、4 |
图4 样品氨基酸组成层次聚类分析图Fig. 4 Cluster analysis diagram of amino acid composition hierarchy of samples |
表2 酶解样品氨基酸组成Tab. 2 Amino acid composition of enzymolysis sample |
样品 | 氨基酸组成/% | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Asp | Thr | Ser | Glu | Gly | Ala | Val | Met | Ile | Leu | Tyr | Phe | Lys | His | Arg | Pro | Trp | EAA | |
TPA | 9.49 | 4.84 | 4.16 | 14.09 | 5.08 | 6.47 | 5.01 | 3.14 | 4.21 | 8.11 | 3.66 | 3.85 | 9.39 | 8.43 | 5.97 | 3.19 | 0.92 | 47.89 |
TPP | 9.95 | 4.81 | 4.08 | 13.61 | 4.49 | 6.03 | 5.35 | 3.49 | 4.69 | 8.68 | 4.22 | 4.63 | 6.85 | 9.95 | 5.25 | 2.81 | 1.12 | 49.56 |
TPPT | 9.59 | 4.94 | 4.24 | 13.23 | 4.99 | 6.45 | 5.48 | 3.09 | 4.69 | 8.49 | 1.90 | 4.52 | 9.58 | 7.90 | 6.23 | 3.40 | 1.27 | 49.95 |
TPT | 8.57 | 4.58 | 3.27 | 12.03 | 4.70 | 6.41 | 4.73 | 2.91 | 3.74 | 7.47 | 3.88 | 4.05 | 11.00 | 11.59 | 6.90 | 3.14 | 1.02 | 51.09 |
表3 酶解物不同分子量范围所占峰面积百分比Tab. 3 Percentage of peak area of enzymatic hydrolysates with different molecular weight ranges |
样品组别 | 各组分占峰面积比值/% | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
2~3k Da | 1~2k Da | 0.5~1k Da | <0.5k Da | |
TPP | 2.66 | 22.77 | 28.50 | 46.08 |
TPT | 0.00 | 2.53 | 24.24 | 73.24 |
TPA | 0.00 | 4.23 | 36.39 | 59.39 |
TPPT | 0.00 | 0.00 | 11.92 | 88.08 |
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