三亚湾夏季原核生物的微型浮游动物摄食率与病毒裂解率*

doi:10.11978/2025006

热带海洋学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 97-107.doi: 10.11978/2025006CSTR: 32234.14.2025006

三亚湾夏季原核生物的微型浮游动物摄食率与病毒裂解率^*

李春山¹^,²(), 张建东³(), 龙超³, 龙丽娟¹, 黄思军¹()

1.中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室, 广东广州 510301
2.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
3.中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 海洋环境工程中心, 广东广州 510301

收稿日期:2025-01-07 修回日期:2025-03-05 出版日期:2025-09-10 发布日期:2025-10-14
通讯作者: 黄思军
作者简介:
李春山(1998—), 男, 河南省信阳市人, 硕士研究生, 从事海洋微生物生态学研究。email: lichunshan22@mails.ucas.ac.cn。
张建东(1988—), 男, 山东省潍坊市人, 高级工程师, 从事海洋微生物生态学研究。email: zhangjiandong@scsio.ac.cn。
*感谢匿名审稿专家提出的宝贵修改意见和建议。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(42176116); 国家自然科学基金项目(42306134); 国家自然科学基金项目(41576126); 国家科技基础资源调查专项(2023FY100803); 广东省自然科学基金项目(2017A030306020); 中国科学院南海海洋研究所“南海新星”项目(NHXX2019ST0101)

Microzooplankton grazing rates and viral lysis rates on prokaryotes in summer Sanya Bay^*

LI Chunshan¹^,²(), ZHANG Jiandong³(), LONG Chao³, LONG Lijuan¹, HUANG Sijun¹()

1. Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Acedemy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3. Marine Environmental Engineering Center, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China

Received:2025-01-07 Revised:2025-03-05 Online:2025-09-10 Published:2025-10-14
Contact: HUANG Sijun
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42176116); National Natural Science Foundation of China(42306134); National Natural Science Foundation of China(41576126); Science & Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program(2023FY100803); Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2017A030306020); Rising Star Foundation of the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology(NHXX2019ST0101)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 海洋原核生物碳流向的时间序列研究有限, 尤其在中国南海海域。在三亚湾开展的为期一个月的研究中, 我们分析了原核生物的微型浮游动物摄食率与病毒裂解率的时间序列变化。结果表明, 原核生物的生长率(μ)高于病毒裂解率(v)和微型浮游动物摄食率(g)之和, 平均值为(2.69±0.66)d^-1, 范围为1.61~3.87d^-1; 病毒裂解率平均值为(0.77±0.34)d^-1, 范围为0.31~1.21d^-1; 微型浮游动物摄食率平均值为(0.83±0.58)d^-1, 变化范围为0.12~1.88d^-1。原核生物的病毒裂解碳量(C_v)和微型浮游动物摄食碳量(C_g)相当, 均达到~10⁶fg·mL^-1。病毒裂解率与微型浮游动物摄食率呈负相关关系, 裂解百分比(P_v)与摄食百分比(P_g)同样也呈负相关; 然而, 病毒裂解碳量和微型浮游动物摄食碳量呈显著正相关。原核生物的病毒裂解作用和微型浮游动物摄食作用的强度在时间序列上的变化幅度较大, 而总体上裂解作用和摄食作用对原核生物死亡率的贡献相当, 共同组成了原核生物碳流向的两个重要途径。南海三亚湾原核生物的碳流通途径研究为认知海洋生产力结构和碳循环机制提供了数据支持。

关键词: 微型浮游生物, 原核生物, 原核生物碳流向, 病毒裂解作用, 微型浮游动物摄食作用

Abstract:

Studies on the temporal dynamics of carbon flux on prokaryotic organisms are limited, particularly in the South China Sea. During a month-long study in Sanya Bay, we examined the temporal dynamics of zooplankton grazing rate and viral lysis rate on prokaryotes. Our study revealed that prokaryotic growth rate (µ) surpassed the combined rates of viral lysis (v) and microzooplankton grazing (g), averaging (2.69 ± 0.66) d^-1 (1.61 ~ 3.87 d^-1). The viral lysis rate averaged (0.77 ± 0.34) d^-1 (0.31 ~ 1.21 d^-1), while the microzooplankton grazing rate averaged (0.83 ± 0.58) d^-1(0.12 ~ 1.88 d^-1). The carbon flux caused by viral lysis (C_v) and zooplankton grazing (C_g) on prokaryotes was nearly equal, each approximating 10⁶ fg·mL^-1. Negative correlations were observed between viral lysis rates and microzooplankton grazing rates, as well as between the percentage of prokaryotic cells lysed by viruses (P_v) and the percentage of prokaryotic cells grazed by microzooplankton (P_g). Conversely, a significant positive correlation was noted between viral lysis-caused carbon flux and microzooplankton grazing-caused carbon flux. Overall, viral lysis and microzooplankton grazing on prokaryotes exhibited substantial variability over the study period, with both processes contributing equally to prokaryotic mortality, highlighting their significance in prokaryotic carbon flux. Elucidating the carbon flow pathways on prokaryotes through time-series analysis in the South China Sea provides new data on marine productivity structure and carbon cycling mechanisms.

Key words: picophytoplankton, prokaryotes, carbon flux, viral lysis, microzooplankton grazing

中图分类号:

P735.122

李春山, 张建东, 龙超, 龙丽娟, 黄思军. 三亚湾夏季原核生物的微型浮游动物摄食率与病毒裂解率^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2025, 44(5): 97-107.

LI Chunshan, ZHANG Jiandong, LONG Chao, LONG Lijuan, HUANG Sijun. Microzooplankton grazing rates and viral lysis rates on prokaryotes in summer Sanya Bay^*[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2025, 44(5): 97-107.

图/表 6

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参数	范围	平均值(X±SD)	参数	范围	平均值(X±SD)
温度/℃	26.10~29.40	28.33±1.16	Syn/(×10⁴cells·L^-1)	0.33~7.38	2.98±2.47
盐度/‰	31.97~33.73	32.99±0.43	PC_Syn/(×10²cells·L^-1)	1.0~15.00	6.38±4.39
DO/(mg·L^-1)	4.26~6.30	5.63±0.50	PE_Syn/(×10⁴cells·L^-1)	0.31~7.33	2.92±2.46
Chl a/(μg·L^-1)	4.26~6.30	0.39±0.17	Vir/(×10⁷VLPs·mL^-1)	0.11~2.82	1.00±0.78
${\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}^{-}$-N/(μmol·L^-1)	0.96~3.88	1.83±0.82	μ /d^-1	1.61~3.87	2.69±0.66
${\text{NO}}_{\text{2}}^{-}$-N/(μmol·L^-1)	0.09~0.26	0.15±0.04	v/d^-1	0.31~1.21	0.77±0.34
${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}^{+}$-N/(μmol·L^-1)	1.51~4.23	2.84±0.70	g/d^-1	0.12~1.88	0.83±0.58
${\text{PO}}_{\text{4}}^{3-}$-P/(μmol·L^-1)	0.05~0.30	0.12±0.06	P_v/%	6.18~70.31	50.86±18.04
${\text{SiO}}_{\text{3}}^{2-}$-Si/(μmol·L^-1)	2.55~7.00	3.88±1.33	P_g/%	0.29~84.70	49.69±26.53
Prok/(×10⁵cells·L^-1))	2.33~14.00	5.79±4.07	C_v/(×10⁶fg·mL^-1)	0.18~7.75	2.66±2.11
PicoEuk/(×10³cells·L^-1)	0.01~4.20	1.82±1.46	C_g/(×10⁶fg·mL^-1)	0.01~9.51	2.81±2.61

三亚湾夏季原核生物的微型浮游动物摄食率与病毒裂解率^*

Microzooplankton grazing rates and viral lysis rates on prokaryotes in summer Sanya Bay^*

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三亚湾夏季原核生物的微型浮游动物摄食率与病毒裂解率*

Microzooplankton grazing rates and viral lysis rates on prokaryotes in summer Sanya Bay*

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三亚湾夏季原核生物的微型浮游动物摄食率与病毒裂解率^*

Microzooplankton grazing rates and viral lysis rates on prokaryotes in summer Sanya Bay^*