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热带海洋学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 57-65.doi: 10.11978/j.issn.1009-5470.2014.03.009cstr: 32234.14.j.issn.1009-5470.2014.03.009

• 海洋生物学 • 上一篇    下一篇

COⅠ和16S rRNA基因序列在鳎科(Soleidae)鱼类种类鉴定中的适用性研究

王淑英1, 2, 时伟1, 江金霞1, 苗宪广1, 王忠明1, 孔晓瑜1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室, 广东 广州 510301; 2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2012-10-11 修回日期:2012-12-20 出版日期:2014-05-29 发布日期:2014-05-30
  • 通讯作者: 孔晓瑜。E-mail: xykong@scsio.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:王淑英(1987~), 女, 河北省沧州市人, 硕士, 从事鱼类系统学与分子进化研究。E-mail: czwangshuying@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-YW-Z-0929); 国家自然科学基金项目(30870283、31071890)

Applicability of mitochondrial COⅠ and 16S rRNA gene sequences in species identification of sole fish (Pleuronectiformes: Soleidae)

WANG Shu-ying1, 2, SHI Wei1, JIANG Jin-xia1, MIAO Xian-guang1, WANG Zhong-ming1, KONG Xiao-yu1   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2012-10-11 Revised:2012-12-20 Online:2014-05-29 Published:2014-05-30

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摘要： 文中探讨了线粒体COⅠ(线粒体细胞色素氧化酶Ⅰ)和16S rRNA基因片段的遗传特性及其在鳎科鱼类种类鉴定和系统演化中的适用性。通过测序和下载GenBank中的相关数据, 分别获得了鳎科14属24种鱼类的65个个体的COⅠ基因片段以及14属23种鱼类的62个个体的16S rRNA基因片段。从碱基组成来看, 除北海牛舌鳎(Buglossidium luteum)的16S rRNA序列中A+T含量为49.8%以外, 其余种类的A+T含量均高于50%。COⅠ片段的碱基变异比例(约占45.5%)略高于16S rRNA片段(约占44.3%)。序列变异程度分析表明, COⅠ基因在种内和属内种间的平均K2P遗传距离分别为0.33%和19.91%, 而16S rRNA的相应值分别为0.26%和7.19%。前者种内和种间的遗传差异约为60倍(个别最小相差19倍), 符合Hebert的相差10倍的物种鉴定标准; 后者种内和种间的差异也有28倍(个别最小差值为5倍)。因此, COⅠ和16S rRNA序列均适用于鳎科鱼类的种类鉴定。另外, 2种基因片段的遗传距离在不同分类阶元的分布上存在重叠, 由于COⅠ序列的遗传距离重叠区域存在于较高的阶元之间(种间、属、科), 而16S rRNA序列的重叠区域存在于较低的阶元之间(种内、种间、属)。因此, 在应用这2个片段做系统演化研究时, 应根据研究的不同系统水平需要选择适当的分子标记。

Abstract: This study investigated the genetic characteristics of mitochondrial COⅠ?(mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit Ⅰ) and 16S rRNA gene fragments and their applicability in species identification and phylogeny of sole fish Through sequencing and downloading available data from the GenBank, we obtained COⅠ?gene fragments from 65 individuals of 24 species in 14 genera and 16S rRNA gene fragments from 62 individuals of 23 species in 14 genera of Soleidae, respectively. Results of base composition analysis showed that the A+T content was higher than 50% except for 16S rRNA sequence of B. luteum (49.8%). The proportion of variation base of COⅠ?(about 45.5%) was a little higher than that of 16S rRNA (about 44.3%). Means of intraspecific and interspecific K2P genetic distances were respectively 0.33% and 19.91% for COⅠ sequences, and 0.26% and 7.19% for 16S rRNA sequences. Genetic differences of COⅠ?sequences between congeners were, on average, about 60 times (minimum 19 times) higher than the differences within species, which met Hebert’s species identification standard (more than 10 times the difference between intraspecies and interspecies). Genetic differences of 16S rRNA sequences were 28 times between intraspecies and interspecies (minimum five times). Therefore, COⅠ and 16S rRNA sequences were both applicable for species identification in sole fish. Moreover, there were overlaps in genetic distance distribution of the two gene fragments between different taxa. The overlap region in COⅠ-based genetic distance distribution existed in higher taxa (interspecies, genus, family), while that in 16S rRNA sequence existed in lower taxa (intraspecies, interspecies, genus) 16S rRNA. As a result, it is advisable to select appropriate molecular markers according to different classified levels when applying the two gene fragments for studying systematic evolution.