收稿日期: 2008-11-15
修回日期: 2010-03-11
网络出版日期: 2010-05-24
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(40805046/D0508); 国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(973)课题(2009B421502); 行业专项GYHY(QX2007-6-15)
Sea spray parameterization used in typhoon simulations
Received date: 2008-11-15
Revised date: 2010-03-11
Online published: 2010-05-24
Supported by
国家自然科学基金项目(40805046/D0508); 国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(973)课题(2009B421502); 行业专项GYHY(QX2007-6-15)
海洋飞沫作为海气相互作用的重要因子, 在台风的发生、发展过程中扮演着重要角色。将Fairall和Andreas海洋飞沫参数化方案加入到WRF模式中对两个台风——“珊珊”、“桑美”进行了模拟, 以研究不同海洋飞沫参数化在WRF模式中对台风模拟效果的影响。结果表明, 加入Fairall方案后潜热通量、感热通量得到很大程度的加强, 使得台风的热力结构得以改变, 暖心结构十分明显, 从而影响了动力场结构。相对涡差解释了台风移动路径变化的原因, 热成散度、涡度以及水汽通量的改变影响了台风的强度。Andreas方案由于界面通量算法在考虑海表面动量粗糙度、热力粗糙度及水汽粗糙度随风速、相对湿度变化的情况下, 得到的潜热通量、感热通量较Fairall方案为弱, 因而台风的强度不强。飞沫参数化方案对模拟台风路径的影响较小。
刘磊,郑静,陆志武,章亦涛 . 海洋飞沫参数化方案在台风数值模拟中的应用[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2010 , 29(3) : 17 -27 . DOI: 10.11978/j.issn.1009-5470.2010.03.017
Sea spray, an important factor in the air-sea interaction, plays an essential role in the occurrence and evolution of typhoon. In order to examine the impact of different sea spray parameterizations on typhoon simulations, the Fairall and Andreas schemes were included in the WRF atmosphere model to simulate two typhoons. The results show that the latent and sensible heat fluxes increased greatly in the Fairall scheme. Since the heat construction of the typhoons changed and the warm core was obvious, the dynamic construction changed as well. Relative diff-vortex explains the cause of the change in typhoon's track and the diff-divergence, vortex and the vapor flux affect the intensity of typhoon. The Andreas scheme, which considers the change of roughness in momentum, heat, and moisture with wind speed and relative humidity, has lower latent and sensible heat fluxes than the Fairall scheme, so the intensity of the typhoons is strong. The simulation of track is less impacted by different sea spray parameterizations.
Key words： WRF model; sea spray parameterization; typhoon; numerical simulation
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