渤海表层沉积物中化学浸取不同形态氮的释放潜力
李震(1996—), 男, 湖南省娄底市人, 硕士研究生, 研究方向为海洋沉积物营养盐释放控制。email: |
Copy editor: 姚衍桃
收稿日期: 2021-12-05
修回日期: 2022-02-22
网络出版日期: 2022-03-01
基金资助
上海市人才发展资金资助项目(B1-5404-19-0002)
上海市科委地方能力建设项目(21010502200)
Release potential of different forms of nitrogen extracted by chemical leaching in the surface sediments of the Bohai Sea
Copy editor: YAO Yantao
Received date: 2021-12-05
Revised date: 2022-02-22
Online published: 2022-03-01
Supported by
Shanghai Talent Development Fund Support Project(B1-5404-19-0002)
Local Capacity Building Project of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science and Technology(21010502200)
为了探究可转化态氮(transformable total nitrogen, TTN)的影响因素及其释放潜力, 本文采用分级浸取的方法将渤海表层沉积物中的氮分为离子交换态氮(ion exchange nitrogen, IEF-N)、弱酸可浸取态氮(weak acid extractable nitrogen, WAEF-N)、强碱可浸取态氮(strong alkali extractable nitrogen, SAEF-N)、强氧化剂可浸取态氮(strong oxidizer extractable nitrogen, SOEF-N)和非转化态氮(non-transformable nitrogen, NTN), 研究了沉积物粒径和有机质等对释放氮量的影响, 探讨了沉积物中TTN的释放对上覆水中溶解无机氮(dissolved inorganic nitrogen, DIN)和叶绿素a (Chl a)的影响。结果表明, 各TTN的含量顺序为SOEF-N>SAEF-N>IEF-N>WAEF-N, 释放量为IEF-N>SAEF-N>SOEF-N>WAEF-N, 释放比例为IEF-N>WAEF-N>SAEF-N>SOEF-N, 分别有69.83%的IEF-N、64.93%的WAEF-N、56.27%的SAEF-N、29.56%的SOEF-N将再次释放。Pearson相关性分析结果显示, 沉积物中SOEF-N的释放量与粉砂含量呈负相关, 而与砂含量呈正相关; SOEF-N的释放量与上覆水中的 Chl a和溶解无机氮(dissolved inorganic nitrogen, DIN)均呈负相关, 说明SOEF-N的释放对上覆水中Chl a和DIN的影响较小, 而表层和底层水的Chl a和DIN分别具有极强的正相关关系(r=0.803, P<0.01; r=0.831, P<0.01), 这可能意味着研究区域内的水柱没有出现明显的分层。
李震 , 李云凯 , 刘永虎 , 程前 , 张硕 . 渤海表层沉积物中化学浸取不同形态氮的释放潜力[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2022 , 41(4) : 163 -171 . DOI: 10.11978/2021173
To investigate the influencing factors of transformable total nitrogen (TTN) and its release potential, this paper used a graded leaching method to classify nitrogen in the Bohai Sea surface sediments into ion exchange nitrogen (IEF-N), weak acid extractable nitrogen (WAEF-N), strong alkali extractable nitrogen (SAEF-N), strong oxidizer extractable nitrogen (SOEF-N) and non-transformable nitrogen (NTN) states, the effects of sediment particle size and organic matter on the amount of released nitrogen were also investigated, and the effects of TTN release in sediment on dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and Chl a in the overlying water were examined. The results showed that the order of the content of each TTN was SOEF-N > SAEF-N > IEF-N > WAEF-N, the release amount was IEF-N > SAEF-N > SOEF-N > WAEF-N, and the release ratio was IEF-N > WAEF-N > SAEF-N > SOEF-N, respectively, 69.83% of IEF-N, 64.93% of WAEF-N, 56.27% of SAEF-N, and 29.56% of SOEF-N will be released again. Pearson correlation results showed that the release of SOEF-N in the sediment was negatively correlated with silt content, but is positively correlated with sand content; SOEF-N was negatively correlated with both Chl a and dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in the overlying water, indicating that the release of SOEF-N has less effect on the Chl a and DIN in the overlying water, while waters of surface and bottom had extremely strong positive correlations (r=0.803, P<0.01; r=0.831, P<0.01), respectively, which may imply that there is no significant stratification of surface and bottom waters in this study area.
表1 沉积物和上覆水的一般参数Tab. 1 General parameters of sediments and overlying water |
项目 | 含量范围 | 均值±标准差 |
---|---|---|
黏土/% | 2.42~23.5 | 12.23±5.17 |
粉砂/% | 8.66~74.98 | 50.65±17.38 |
砂/% | 5.43~88.92 | 37.1±21.45 |
有机质/(mgkg-1) | 2575.89~50629.18 | 24945.31±11147.38 |
表层海水DIN/(mgL-1) | 0.04~0.21 | 0.08 ±0.04 |
表层海水Chl a/(μgL-1) | 0.80~2.81 | 1.60±0.49 |
底层海水DIN/(mgL-1) | 0.06~0.19 | 0.09±0.03 |
底层海水Chl a/(μgL-1) | 0.92~10.60 | 4.43±0.50 |
表2 各形态TTN的含量、释放量和释放比例Tab. 2 Content and release capacity of each TTN |
TTN形态 | 范围 | 均值±标准差 | |
---|---|---|---|
含量/(mgkg-1) | IEF-N | 7.85~38.28 | 15.87±6.34 |
WAEF-N | 3.44~18.48 | 7.86±3.72 | |
SAEF-N | 6.36~40.72 | 17.19±10.71 | |
SOEF-N | 9.21~33.76 | 21.07±7.60 | |
释放量/(mgkg-1) | IEF-N | 3.57~26.89 | 11.40±5.26 |
WAEF-N | 2.23~11.79 | 5.13±2.54 | |
SAEF-N | 3.25~19.16 | 8.91±4.32 | |
SOEF-N | 1.71~13.31 | 6.34±3.17 | |
释放比例/% | IEF-N | 45.5~86.93 | 69.83±10.38 |
WAEF-N | 50.03~80.28 | 64.93±7.68 | |
SAEF-N | 32.63~77.79 | 56.27±12.01 | |
SOEF-N | 16.23~48.47 | 29.56±8.83 |
图2 各采样点表层沉积物中不同形态的TTN含量Fig. 2 Nitrogen content of various forms in the surface sediments |
图3 各采样点不同形态的TTN释放量比较Fig. 3 Comparison of nitrogen fraction content and release amount at various sampling sites |
表3 各形态TTN及其氮释放能力与沉积物相关参数的相关性分析Tab. 3 Correlation analysis between the nitrogen release capacity of each TTN and the physical and chemical properties of the sediment |
RIEF-N | RWAEF-N | RSAEF-N | RSOEF-N | IEF-N | WAEF-N | SAEF-N | SOEF-N | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RIEF-N | 1 | 0.414* | 0.974** | 0.106 | 0.273 | |||
RWAEF-N | 0.370 | 1 | 0.439* | 0.959** | 0.221 | -0.175 | ||
RSAEF-N | 0.121 | 0.215 | 1 | 0.099 | 0.181 | 0.902** | 0.196 | |
RSOEF-N | 0.296 | -0.340 | 0.024 | 1 | 0.295 | -0.213 | -0.002 | 0.822** |
TN | -0.038 | 0.072 | -0.080 | -0.047 | 0.009 | 0.195 | 0.078 | -0.053 |
黏土 | 0.280 | 0.093 | 0.039 | 0.217 | 0.315 | 0.144 | 0.076 | 0.285 |
粉砂 | 0.208 | 0.100 | -0.173 | -0.162 | 0.201 | 0.089 | -0.157 | -0.169 |
砂 | -0.236 | -0.104 | 0.131 | 0.079 | -0.239 | -0.107 | 0.109 | 0.068 |
OM | 0.404 | 0.131 | 0.055 | 0.239 | 0.402 | 0.201 | 0.063 | 0.194 |
注: 各形态TTN的释放量用R表示, 其下标为对应的TTN形态; *表示在0.05水平上显著性相关, **表示在0.01水平上显著性相关 |
表4 表层沉积物中各形态TTN及其释放量与海水中营养盐和Chl a的相关性分析Tab. 4 Correlation analysis of TTN and its release in the surface sediments on nutrients and Chl a in seawater |
RIEF-N | RWAEF-N | RSAEF-N | RSOEF-N | IEF-N | WAEF-N | SAEF-N | SOEF-N | SDIN | SChl a | BChl a | BDIN | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RIEF-N | 1 | |||||||||||
RWAEF-N | 0.370 | 1 | ||||||||||
RSAEF-N | 0.121 | 0.215 | 1 | |||||||||
RSOEF-N | 0.296 | -0.340 | 0.024 | 1 | ||||||||
IEF-N | 0.414* | 0.959** | 0.181 | -0.213 | 1 | |||||||
WAEF-N | 0.974** | 0.439* | 0.099 | 0.295 | 0.501* | 1 | ||||||
SAEF-N | 0.106 | 0.221 | 0.902** | -0.002 | 0.226 | 0.107 | 1 | |||||
SOEF-N | 0.273 | -0.175 | 0.196 | 0.822** | -0.070 | 0.276 | 0.197 | 1 | ||||
SDIN | -0.147 | -0.004 | -0.079 | -0.178 | -0.098 | -0.212 | -0.027 | -0.171 | 1 | |||
SChl a | 0.033 | 0.371 | 0.122 | -0.367 | 0.381 | -0.007 | 0.013 | -0.385 | -0.235 | 1 | ||
BChl a | -0.267 | 0.264 | 0.146 | -0.464* | 0.221 | -0.270 | 0.021 | -0.471* | -0.121 | 0.803** | 1 | |
BDIN | 0.086 | 0.166 | 0.064 | -0.197 | 0.101 | -0.005 | 0.047 | -0.137 | 0.831** | 0.002 | 0.103 | 1 |
注: SDIN、BDIN 分别代表表、底层海水中的DIN含量, SChl a、BChl a 分别代表表、底层海水中的Chl a含量; *表示在0.05水平上显著性相关, **表示在0.01水平上显著性相关 |
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