中华管海葵生殖腺的年周期发育
李云朋(1995—), 男, 河南省周口市人, 硕士研究生, 主要从事珊瑚细胞培养工作。email: |
Copy editor: 林强
收稿日期: 2023-02-17
修回日期: 2023-04-17
网络出版日期: 2023-04-23
基金资助
中国海洋大学本科生研究发展计划资助项目(202110423574X)
Development of gonads with annual cycle in Anlactinia sinensis
Copy editor: LIN Qiang
Received date: 2023-02-17
Revised date: 2023-04-17
Online published: 2023-04-23
Supported by
Ocean University of China-Student Research Development Program(202110423574X)
研究动物的生殖腺发育, 可以揭示配子发生过程并为评估其繁殖能力和资源利用提供科学依据。中华管海葵(Aulactinia sinensis)是我国黄海潮间带的优势物种。本文报道了青岛汇泉湾海域生活的中华管海葵生殖腺年周期发育特点, 结果显示: 中华管海葵外观呈圆柱状, 口盘触手排布为6+6+12+24+48型, 柱体内隔膜48对; 中华管海葵为雌雄异体, 雌雄比约为1.25: 1; 生殖季节所有隔膜均可发育为生殖隔膜并构成生殖腺; 根据生殖隔膜中精小囊结构、生殖细胞种类和组成, 将其年周期发育过程分为4个时相; 确定其成熟排放时期为5—9月, 口盘直径为3cm的雌性个体平均怀卵量为188277.91±28861.91。本研究结果为中华管海葵的海域资源循环规律研究提供了基础数据。
李云朋 , 王志成 , 张龙 , 张威 , 杜梦达 , 孙仪 , 张志峰 . 中华管海葵生殖腺的年周期发育[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2023 , 42(6) : 120 -126 . DOI: 10.11978/2023019
The study on animal gonad development can reveal the process of gametogenesis, and evaluate the fertility and source utilization of a species. The Chinese tube anemone Aulactinia sinensis is a dominant species in intertidal zone of the Yellow Sea, China. In this study, we reported characteristics of the gonad development with annual cycle in A. sinensis inhabiting Huiquan Bay, Qingdao. The results showed that A. sinensis is cylindrical in appearance, and the tentacle arrangement of oral disc is 6+6+12+24+48. There are 48 pairs of mesenteries inside the column. A. sinensis is dioecism, and populational ratio of female to male is 1.25: 1. During the reproductive season, all mesenteries can develop into reproductive mesenteries, and form the gonad. According to the characteristics of spermatogenicvesicle, germ cell types, and composition in the mesenteries, the development process of gonads was divided into four stages, and the gamete spawning occurred between May to September. The fecundity of an individual with the oral disc diameter of 3 cm was 188277.91 ± 28861.91. Our findings will provide basic scientific data for studying the source recycling of A. sinensis.
Key words: Aulactinia sinensis; morphology; gonad; annual development; fecundity
图 2 中华管海葵的内部结构a. 具口道壁的消化循环腔; b. 去除口道壁的消化循环腔。1: 触手; 2: 口道沟; 3: 口道壁; 4: 初级隔膜; 5: 次级隔膜; 6: 三级隔膜; 7: 特化后生殖腺; 8: 隔膜丝; 9: 体壁; 10: 指向隔膜 Fig. 2 Internal structure of Aulactinia sinensis. (a) Gastrovascular cavity with stomodaeum wall; (b) gastrovascular cavity without stomodaeum wall. (1) tentacle; (2) stomodaeum groove; (3) stomodaeum wall; (4) primary mesentery; (5) secondary mesentery; (6) tertiary mesentery; (7) specialized reproductive mesentery; (8) mesenterial filament; (9) wall; (10) directive mesentery |
图 3 中华管海葵雄性生殖隔膜组织学结构的年周期变化a. 12月; b. 2月; c. 3月; d. 4月; e. 7月; f. 11月。G: 胃层; Gm: 生殖隔膜; M: 中胶层; Mf: 隔膜丝; Mg: 接近中胶层的生殖细胞; R: 弥散性牵引肌; Sc: 精母细胞; Sg: 精原细胞; St: 精细胞; Sv: 精小囊; Sz: 精子 Fig. 3 Histological structure of the reproductive mesenteries with annual cycle in Aulactinia sinensis males. (a) December; (b) February; (c) March; (d) April; (e) July; (f) November. G: gastrodermis; Gm: genital mesentery; M: mesoglea; Mg: germ cell close with mesoglea; Mf: mesenteric filamen; R: diffuse mesenterial retractor muscle; Sc: spermatocyte; Sg: spermatogonium; St: sperm cell; Sv: spermatogenicvesicle; Sz: sperm |
图4 中华管海葵雌性生殖隔膜组织学结构的年周期变化a. 1月; b. 2月; c. 5月; d. 7月; e.10月; f. 11月。G: 胃层; Gm: 生殖隔膜; M: 中胶层; N: 细胞核; Nu: 核仁; Oc: 卵母细胞; Ol: 卵巢小叶; Oo: 卵原细胞 Fig. 4 Histological structure of the reproductive mesenteries with annual cycle in Aulactinia sinensis females. (a) January; (b) February; (c) May; (d) July; (e) October. (f) November. G: gastrodermis; Gm: genital mesentery; M: mesoglea; N: nucleus; Nu: nucleolus; Oc: oocyte; Ol: ovarian lobule; Oo: oogonium. |
表1 中华管海葵的繁殖力Tab. 1 The fecundity of Aulactinia sinensis |
统计指标 | 平均值±标准差 | 相对范围 |
---|---|---|
可育口盘直径/cm (n=36) | 3.81±0.95 | 2.30~6.00 |
卵细胞直径/μm (n=3) | 96.63±9.85 | 74.74~125.32 |
单条初级隔膜怀卵量/个 (n=30) | 188277.91±28861.91 | 115255.94~233263.63 |
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