有效波高数据是研究热带气旋海浪预测方法和反演技术的前提，本文利用中法海洋卫星波谱仪（Surface Waves Investigation and Monitoring, SWIM）高精度有效波高观测数据，校正ERA5再分析数据在高海况下低估有效波高的误差，为构建高精度、大样本量的热带气旋海浪有效波高数据集提供了一种可靠方法。首先，由于ERA5与SWIM数据存在时空分辨率差异，本文利用经纬度变换和反距离加权法空间插值对两种数据进行时空匹配。然后，通过数据对比得到了ERA5误差随SWIM有效波高增大而增大的相关关系，进而使用线性回归方法构建了从ERA5到SWIM的有效波高重构方程。最后，使用两处NDBC浮标数据对重构方程进行了验证，结果表明，对于5m以上海浪，ERA5有效波高数据的均方根误差分别从重构前的1.65m和1.08m降低到重构后的1.18m和0.71m，证明了重构方程的有效性

Data of Significant Wave Heights (SWHs) is the base of the investigations of tropical cyclone (TC) wave forecasting and retrieval technology. Based on the high-precision SWHs observed by the Surface Waves Investigation and Monitoring (SWIM) on board the China-France Oceanography Satellite (CFOSAT), this paper corrected the underestimation error of ERA5 SWH under high sea state, providing a reliable support for the construction of TC SWH dataset with high accuracy and large sample quantity. Firstly, due to the temporal and spatial resolution differences between ERA5 and SWIM data, this paper utilized the latitude and longitude transformation and the inverse distance weighting method of spatial interpolation to match the two data spatially and temporally. Then, the correlation relationship that the ERA5 error increases with the increase of SWIM SWHs was obtained through data comparison. Based on this relationship, the reconstruction equation from ERA5 to SWIM was proposed using the linear regression method. Finally, the reconstruction equation was validated using the two NDBC buoys. The results showed that the RMSE of the ERA5 SWHs higher than 5m reduced from 1.65m and 1.08m to 1.18m and 0.71m, respectively. The results proved the effectiveness of the reconstruction equation.