了解珊瑚地球化学指标对不同强度和类型的厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（El Niño-Southern Oscillation，ENSO）事件的响应差异对重建器测前的ENSO具有重要意义。本研究提取了南海南部1950年以来的SST（sea surface temperature）数据以及来自4个地点（自西向东分别为竹岛、永暑岛、海葵园和巴拉望）已发表的珊瑚骨骼δ¹⁸O和Sr/Ca序列，采用频域分析和滞后相关性分析等方法，研究了南海南部海温和珊瑚骨骼地球化学指标对不同类型和等级的ENSO事件的响应。结果表明，珊瑚骨骼地球化学指标对EP-El Niño与CP-El Niño的分级正确率自东向西呈现上升趋势；而对SBW-El Niño的分级正确率则呈现自东向西逐步降低的趋势；类似的，对于CP-La Niña，珊瑚骨骼地球化学指标的分级响应的正确率自东向西逐步提高；而对于EP-La Niña，则完全相反。整体上看，南海南部珊瑚骨骼地球化学指标对EP-El Niño和CP-La Niña的分级响应能力不及SBW-El Niño和EP-La Niña。

Understanding the differences in how coral geochemical proxies respond to various intensities and types of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events is crucial for reconstructing historical ENSO activities. This study analyzes sea surface temperature (SST) data from the southern South China Sea (SCS) since 1950, along with published coral skeletal δ¹⁸O and Sr/Ca time series from four locations: Hòn Tre Island, Yongshu Island, Anemone’s Garden, and Palawan Island. We employed methods such as frequency domain analysis and lag correlation analysis to investigate the response of SSTs and coral geochemical proxies to different types and intensities of ENSO events. The results indicate that the accuracy of coral geochemical proxies in distinguishing between EP-El Niño and CP-El Niño events increases from east to west, whereas the accuracy in identifying SBW-El Niño events decreases in the same direction. Similarly, for CP-La Niña events, the accuracy of geochemical proxy responses improves westward, whereas for EP-La Niña, the trend is reversed. Overall, coral geochemical proxies in the southern SCS are less effective at distinguishing between EP-El Niño and CP-La Niña events compared to SBW-El Niño and EP-La Niña.