为了探究旅游干扰对西沙潮间带大型底栖动物群落的影响, 本研究比较了全富岛、银屿与临近非旅游区的物种数、物种相似性指数、丰度、生物量、相对重要性指数、W统计量及物种多样性指数差异, 结果表明: (1)从非旅游区和旅游区本底数据来看, 西沙潮间带大型底栖动物群落存在明显的自然波动; (2)基于标准值的综合差异分析显示旅游干扰带来了额外的负面影响, 其干扰效应在物种数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数上已经达到显著水平; (3)综合所有检测指标的P值比较结果可以确认旅游干扰存在降低生物多样性的趋势(P=0.018); 随着旅游干扰效应的累积, 全富岛、银屿潮间带大型底栖动物群落可能会遭到更显著的破坏; (4)合理的旅游管理对珍稀物种具有一定的保护效果。本研究对推动西沙旅游开发及生物多样性保护具有一定意义。

To investigate the impact of tourism disturbance on the macrobenthic community in intertidal zones of Xisha Islands, this study compared the species number, species similarity index, abundance, biomass, index of relative importance, W-statistic index, and biodiversity indexes between the Quanfu Island, Yinyu Island, and adjacent non-tourist areas. The results showed that: (1) there was obvious natural fluctuation in the macrobenthic community in intertidal zones of Xisha Islands based on the background data from non-tourist areas and tourist areas; (2) the comprehensive difference analysis based on the standard values showed that tourism disturbance brought additional negative effects, and the disturbance effects on species number and Shannon-Wiener diversity index had reached a significant level; (3) the trend of species diversity reduction caused by tourism disturbance was determined by comparing the P-values of all testing indexes (P=0.018). With the accumulation of tourism disturbance effects, the macrobenthic community in intertidal zones of Quanfu Island and Yinyu Island may suffer more significant damage; (4) reasonable tourism management has certain protective effects on endangered species. This study has significance for promoting the development of Xisha's tourism and biodiversity protection.