斯里兰卡沿海城市综合地质灾害监测平台建设与研究展望*
*中国科学院中国-斯里兰卡联合科教中心在台站布设、数据采集及后期研究给予了大力支持与资金资助; 感谢数据处理以及成图中使用的GMT绘图软件, 在此一并致谢。
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赵明辉(1967—), 女, 辽宁省锦州市人, 研究员, 研究方向为海洋地球物理。email: mhzhao@scsio.ac.cn |
Copy editor: 殷波
收稿日期: 2024-11-14
修回日期: 2024-12-20
网络出版日期: 2025-01-17
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(42476059)
中国科学院国际伙伴计划项目(059GJHZ2023104MI)
Construction and research prospect of an integrated geological hazards monitoring platform in southern coastal cities of Sri Lanka*
Received date: 2024-11-14
Revised date: 2024-12-20
Online published: 2025-01-17
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42476059)
International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(059GJHZ2023104MI)
斯里兰卡是海岛型国家, 是印度洋航线关键节点, 具有重要战略地位。文章分析了斯里兰卡独特的地质构造背景, 其地形起伏剧烈, 地质灾害频发, 且抵御能力脆弱, 历史上曾发生过多起地质灾害, 造成了重大人员伤亡和经济损失。针对地质灾害频发的问题, 本文提出了在沿海城市构建综合地质灾害监测平台的紧迫性, 并且详细介绍了地质灾害监测平台建设3个阶段的布设情况, 证明监测平台具有可行性。提出了斯里兰卡地块的构造演化机制和沿海城市浅层地质结构的稳定性是迫切需要解决的两个重要科学问题。利用采集到的最新地震数据, 聚焦斯里兰卡沿海地区地质构造与速度结构研究, 结合地质灾害的时空变化特征, 制定当地的地质结构稳定性评估标准, 为区域地质灾害和风险防范提供直接科学证据。利用岩石学、地球化学、地球物理、地质定年等多学科交叉手段, 建立更为全面的地质构造演化模型。
赵明辉 , SENANAYAKA Dasun , 程锦辉 , 周勇 , 曹令敏 , 赵磊 , 罗耀 , 张镇秋 , 潘刚 , THALDENA Nilmini , 张佳政 , 张亚运 , 徐敏 . 斯里兰卡沿海城市综合地质灾害监测平台建设与研究展望*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2025 , 44(5) : 12 -21 . DOI: 10.11978/YG2024002
Sri Lanka, an island nation, holds strategic importance as a key node in the Indian Ocean shipping routes. This paper delves into the unique geological structure of Sri Lanka, characterized by steep terrain and frequent geological hazards, against a backdrop of limited preventive capabilities. Commencing with an analysis of these geological structure, we highlight the pressing livelihood and welfare challenges caused by recurrent geological hazards. Subsequently, we underscore the urgency and feasibility of establishing a comprehensive geological monitoring platform in coastal cities to address these challenges. We then elaborate on a three-phase deployment strategy for this early geological hazard monitoring platform, demonstrating its practical application. Furthermore, we identify two critical scientific issues requiring immediate attention: (1) the tectonic evolution mechanism of Sri Lanka, and (2) the stability of shallow geological structures in coastal cities. To this end, we emphasize the necessity of utilizing the latest seismic data to focus on studies of geological and velocity structures in Sri Lanka's coastal areas. Establishing standards for geological stability assessment and analyzing the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of geological hazards will provide scientific evidence for effective hazard prevention. More importantly, a more comprehensive model of geological structure evolution will be built through multidisciplinary approaches, integrating petrology, geochemistry, geophysics, and geological dating. This research aligns with the Belt and Road Initiative by prioritizing geological hazard prevention and advancing fundamental research on geological structures, carrying profound scientific and strategic implications.
图2 斯里兰卡4个主要构造单元(a)和斯里兰卡多地体增生的构造演化模式图(b)[根据Kehelpannala (2004)修改]图a 基于审图号为GS(2016)1665号的标准世界地图制作, 底图无修改。图b中的绿色实线表示俯冲板片; 绿色虚线表示俯冲残留板片; 灰色箭头表示俯冲方向; 红色楔形表示岩浆活动。WC表示万宁杂岩, KC表示卡杜甘纳沃杂岩, HC表示高地杂岩, VC表示维贾延杂岩 Fig. 2 The four major tectonic units of Sri Lanka (a) and the tectonic evolution model of multi-complex accretion in Sri Lanka (b). [modified from Kehelpannala (2004)] |
图3 综合地质灾害监测平台第一次布台试验及台站记录的背景噪声信号a. 卢胡纳大学农学院校区卫星图与4个台站(215—218)位置; b. 台站布设现场; c. 216、217台站记录的同一噪声源波形 Fig. 3 The first deployment experiment of the integrated geological hazards monitoring platform and the background noise signals recorded by the stations. (a) Satellite image of the Faculty of Agriculture campus, University of Ruhuna, with the locations of the four stations (215—218); (b) on-site station deployment; (c) waveforms of the same noise source recorded by stations 216 and 217 |
图4 沿海城市马特勒附近二维地震台站观测阵列(a)和地震位置与观测阵列位置(b)该图基于审图号为GS(2016)1665号的标准世界地图制作, 底图无修改。图b中的黑色方框表示图a范围 Fig. 4 The two-dimensional seismic observation array near the coastal city of Matara (a); locations of the earthquake and observation array (b) |
图5 04台站记录的地震(ML=4.4)三分量波形信号该地震发生在2023年4月24日19:15 (世界标准时间), 震中位于汉班托特南部海域。04台站位置及地震位置见图4。S表示地震横波到时; P表示地震纵波到时 Fig. 5 Three-component waveform signals of the earthquake (ML=4.4) recorded at station 04. The earthquake occurred on April 24, 2023, at 19:15 (UTC), with its epicenter located in the sea south of Hambantota. The locations of station 04 and the earthquake are shown in Fig. 4 |
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