本文利用高分辨率卫星海表信息和海洋历史温盐剖面数据，基于变分法重构了西北太平洋海域的三维动态温度场。与Argo（Array for Real-time Geostrophic Oceanography）温度观测剖面相比，重构温度场能够较为合理地再现海水温度的垂向变化特征，尤其是在温跃层区域，重构结果与实际观测温度廓线能够较好地吻合。本文选取了两个典型的中尺度涡旋个例，利用重构温度场分析了其从生成到衰退的整个演变过程，展示了涡旋引起的温度异常在垂直和水平分布上的动态变化。尤其是在涡旋成熟阶段，温度异常的强度和深度扩展达到最大值，表现出涡旋对海洋温跃层的显著影响。通过分析不同阶段的温度异常分布，研究揭示了冷暖核心与异常区的空间结构的演化特征。结果表明，该方法能够有效利用卫星观测海表数据重构中尺度涡旋的水下温度结构和动态演变特征，将为理解中尺度涡旋在海洋物质和热量输运提供数据支撑。

This study reconstructs the three-dimensional dynamic temperature field in the Northwest Pacific Ocean using high-resolution satellite sea surface data and historical ocean temperature and salinity profile data based on the variational method. Compared to the Argo (Array for Real-time Geostrophic Oceanography) temperature profiles, the reconstructed temperature field effectively reproduces the vertical distribution of seawater temperature, particularly in the thermocline region, where the reconstructed results closely match the actual observed temperature profiles. Two typical mesoscale eddy cases were selected for analysis, where the reconstructed temperature field was used to examine the entire evolution process of the eddies, from generation to decay, and to display the dynamic changes in the vertical and horizontal distribution of temperature anomalies induced by the eddies. In particular, during the mature stage of the eddies, the intensity and vertical extent of the temperature anomalies reach their maximum, reflecting the significant impact of the eddies on the oceanic thermocline. By analyzing the distribution of temperature anomalies at different stages, the study reveals the evolution of the spatial structure of cold and warm cores and the anomalous regions. The results show that the method can effectively utilize satellite sea surface observations to reconstruct the underwater temperature structure and dynamic evolution of mesoscale eddies, providing valuable data support for understanding the role of mesoscale eddies in oceanic material and heat transport.