中国石莼属海藻新记录种——大野石莼(Ulva ohnoi)的形态与多基因标记分析
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曾昭钧(2001—), 男, 广西壮族自治区南宁市人, 硕士研究生, 从事大型海藻资源开发与利用研究。email: zeng200138@163.com |
Copy editor: 林强
收稿日期: 2025-04-01
修回日期: 2025-05-06
网络出版日期: 2025-05-14
基金资助
国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFD2401804)
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2401303)
宁波2023重大科技攻关暨揭榜挂帅项目(2023Z118)
A newly recorded species of Ulva in China: morphological and multi-gene marker analysis of Ulva ohnoi
Received date: 2025-04-01
Revised date: 2025-05-06
Online published: 2025-05-14
Supported by
National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFD2401804)
National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFD2401303)
2023 Major Science and Technology Research and Launch Project of Ningbo City(2023Z118)
本文报道了采自广西防城港和广东湛江的中国石莼属海藻一新记录种——大野石莼Ulva ohnoi Hiraoka & S.Shimada 2004, 详细描述了其形态特征并进行了多基因标记分析。结果表明, 大野石莼具固着个体和漂浮个体, 藻体呈浅绿色, 长15~60cm, 单生或丛生, 质脆, 易撕裂, 外观呈圆形、长卵形或不规则形; 藻体细胞表面观呈方形或多边形, 不规则排列, 边缘具齿状凸起; 藻体上部和中部相似, 细胞尺寸为10~20µm×5~15µm, 厚度为20~45µm; 藻体基部细胞近圆形, 尺寸为10~30µm×10~22µm, 基部厚度为70~90µm。rbcL和tufA基因序列分析结果显示, 采集的样本均与GenBank中的大野石莼序列聚在一支, 有高Bootstrap值与后验概率支持, 彼此间遗传距离为0~0.1%。本研究丰富了我国石莼属的物种多样性, 强调了分子生物学技术在绿藻物种鉴定中的重要性, 为我国海藻资源保护及利用提供了基础分类学资料。
曾昭钧 , 谢恩义 , 崔建军 . 中国石莼属海藻新记录种——大野石莼(Ulva ohnoi)的形态与多基因标记分析[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2025 , 44(6) : 64 -73 . DOI: 10.11978/2025050
This study presents a newly recorded species of the Ulva algae in China, Ulva ohnoi Hiraoka & S. Shimada 2004, collected from Fangchenggang (Guangxi) and Zhanjiang (Guangdong). Detailed morphological characteristics were described, accompanied by a multi-gene marker analysis. The results indicate that Ulva ohnoi exhibits both attached and floating forms. The thalli are light green, 15-60 cm in length, solitary or tufted. The tissue is brittle and easily torn, displaying round, ovate, or irregular shapes. The thallus surface cells are square or polygonal, arranged irregularly, with jagged protrusions along the edges. The upper and middle parts of the thallus are similar, with cell dimensions of 10-20 μm×5-15 µm and a thickness of 20-45 µm. In contrast, the basal cells are nearly round, measuring 10-30 μm×10-22 µm, with a thickness of 70-90 µm. Analysis of the rbcL and tufA gene sequences revealed that the samples collected in this study are genetically identical to the type specimens of Ulva ohnoi, supported by high bootstrap values and posterior probabilities. This study enriches the species diversity of the Ulva genus in China, underscores the significance of molecular biology techniques in identifying green algae species, and provides essential taxonomic data for the conservation and utilization of marine algae resources in China.
Key words: Ulva ohnoi; newly recorded species; morphology; multi-gene markers; rbcL; tufA
图1 大野石莼栖息地环境a. 湛江特呈岛, 固着于石块或贝壳上的大野石莼; b. 湛江特呈岛, 被冲至岸边的漂浮个体; c. 防城港怪石滩, 生长在潮汐池中的个体 Fig. 1 Ulva ohnoi habitat environment. (a) U. ohnoi attached to rocks or shells at Techeng Island, Zhanjiang, Guangdong; (b) floating individuals of U. ohnoi washed ashore on Techeng Island, Zhanjiang, Guangdong; (c) U. ohnoi specimens growing in a tidal pool at Guaishi Beach, Fangchenggang, Guangxi |
表1 引物信息Tab. 1 Primer information |
表2 PCR程序参数Tab. 2 PCR program parameters |
| 基因区域 | 预变性 | 变性 | 退火 | 延伸 | 循环数 | 最终延伸 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| rbcL | 95℃ 6min | 95℃ 1min | 45℃ 1min | 72℃ 1min | 35 | 72℃ 10min |
| tufA | 94℃ 4min | 95℃ 1min | 45℃ 30s | 72℃ 1min | 35 | 72℃ 7min |
表3 本研究新扩增的序列信息Tab. 3 Newly expanded sequence information in this study |
| 样本编码 | 采集地点 | 采集日期 | rbcL基因序列号 | tufA基因序列号 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FCG001 | 广西防城港 | 2025-3-1 | PV282387 | / |
| FCG002 | 广西防城港 | 2025-3-1 | PV282388 | PV366677 |
| FCG003 | 广西防城港 | 2025-3-1 | PV282389 | PV366678 |
| FCG004 | 广西防城港 | 2025-3-1 | / | / |
| ZJ001 | 广东湛江 | 2024-3-25 | PV282390 | / |
| ZJ002 | 广东湛江 | 2025-3-4 | PV282391 | PV366679 |
| ZJ003 | 广东湛江 | 2025-3-4 | / | PV366680 |
| ZJ004 | 广东湛江 | 2025-3-4 | / | PV366681 |
| ZJ005 | 广东湛江 | 2025-3-4 | / | PV366682 |
| ZJ006 | 广东湛江 | 2025-3-4 | / | PV366683 |
| 注: “/”表示序列未扩增成功。 | ||||
图2 大野石莼的形态学a. 湛江个体; b. 防城港个体; c. 藻体边缘具齿状结构; d. 藻体上部表面观; e. 藻体上部切面观; f. 藻体中部表面观; g. 藻体中部切面观; h. 藻体基部表面观; i. 藻体基部切面观 Fig. 2 Morphology of Ulva ohnoi. (a) Specimen from Zhanjiang; (b) specimen from Fangchenggang; (c) dentate structures at the thallus margin; (d) surface view of upper thallus; (e) cross-section view of upper thallus; (f) surface view of middle thallus; (g) cross-section view of middle thallus; (h) surface view of basal thallus; (i) cross-section view of basal thallus |
图3 基于rbcL基因构建的邻接树粗体为本研究新扩增序列, 节点旁的数值从左到右分别为NJ、ML的Bootstrap值和BI的后验概率, 仅展示Bootstrap值≥60/后验概率≥0.6的节点数值 Fig. 3 Neighbor-joining tree constructed based on rbcL genes. Boldface indicates newly amplified sequences generated in this study. Values adjacent to nodes represent, from left to right, bootstrap support values for NJ and ML analyses and Bayesian posterior probabilities for BI analysis. Only node values with bootstrap support ≥ 60% (NJ/ML) and posterior probability ≥ 0.6 (BI) are shown |
图4 基于tufA基因构建的邻接树粗体为本研究新扩增序列, 节点旁的数值从左到右分别为NJ、ML的Bootstrap值和BI的后验概率, 仅展示Bootstrap值≥60/后验概率≥0.6的节点数值 Fig. 4 Neighbor-joining tree constructed based on tufA genes. Boldface indicates newly amplified sequences generated in this study. Values adjacent to nodes represent, from left to right, bootstrap support values for NJ and ML analyses and Bayesian posterior probabilities for BI analysis. Only node values with bootstrap support ≥ 60% (NJ/ML) and posterior probability ≥ 0.6 (BI) are displayed |
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