收稿日期: 2009-11-25
修回日期: 2010-04-21
网络出版日期: 2011-09-08
基金资助
国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2010AA10A401); 国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD01A1303); 广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项
(A200899A02、A200901B03、A201001B04); 中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KSC XZ-YW-N-4701); 广东省/中国科
学院省院合作项目(2009B091300088)
Water quality and survival rate for intensive culture of white leg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, under different cultural density in tropic area of China
Received date: 2009-11-25
Revised date: 2010-04-21
Online published: 2011-09-08
报道了在我国热带地区集约化养殖凡纳滨对虾 Litopenaeus vannamei 不同放养密度下水体 pH 值、溶解氧
(DO)、 总碱度(TA)、 化学需氧量(COD)、 生物化学需氧量(BOD)、 硫化氢(H2S)、 亚硝酸态氮(NO2-NT)、 氨态氮(NH4-NT)
及弧菌活菌总浓度(Concentration of Live Vibrio, CLV)的变化特征及其与对虾死亡之间的关系, 并比较了 70、100、
120、150 尾·m−2不同养殖密度下的养殖成活率。通过几种主要水质因子变化与对虾死亡数之间的相关性分析, 结
果表明, DO、H2S、NO2-NT、NH4-NT 和 CLV 等 5 种水质指标与对虾大量死亡存在显著的线性相关, 其中 DO 为负
相关, 其余为正相关。 而 pH、 TA、 COD、 BOD与对虾死亡数无显著相关性。 4 种养殖密度下的成活率分别为 80.44%、
75.16%、51.74%和 44.43%。建议我国热带地区集约化养殖凡纳滨对虾的合理密度为 70—100 尾·m−2
。
关键词： 凡纳滨对虾 Litopenaeus vannamei; ; 集约化养殖; 密度; ; 水质; 成活率
张吕平,胡超群,沈琪,任春华 . 不同养殖密度对我国热带地区集约化养殖凡纳滨对虾水质和成活率的影响[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2011 , 30(4) : 85 -91 . DOI: 10.11978/j.issn.1009-5470.2011.04.085
This paper reports characters of nine water quality parameters, such as pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), total alkali (TA),
chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), nitrogen of nitrite (NO2-NT),
nitrogen of ammonia (NH4-NT), and concentration of live Vibrio (CLV), under different cultural density of Litopenaeus van-
namei in a typical outdoor intensive shrimp farm located in Hainan province, a tropic area of China. The relationship between
each parameter of water quality and the number of dead shrimp was explored. Statistical analysis suggested that the signifi-
cantly related water parameters to shrimp mortality are DO, NH4-NT, NO2-NT, H2S, and CLV. There are typical linear regres-
sion relationships between these parameters of water quality and shrimp mortality. The other four water parameters, including
pH value, total alkali, COD, and BOD, do not significantly affect shrimp mortality. The survival rates are 80.44%, 75.16%, 51.74%,
and 44.43% under four cultural densities of 70, 100, 120, and 150 PL·m−2
, respectively. The appropriate cultural density of Litopenaeus vannamei for the outdoor intensive system in a tropic area is suggest to be 70－100 PL·m−2
.
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