为了探讨海洋表层沉积物的孢粉分布与可能陆源地区植被、气候以及孢粉传播机制的关系 , 为南 海 古环境研究提供可靠的基础 , 采用野外取样、室内实验、计算孢粉百分比和孢粉浓度等方法 , 对 广东沿海及海南岛东南部 (108°34′12″ — 120°E, 17° — 23°43′12″N, 水深为 37 — 3370m) 40 个表层沉积物样品进行孢粉分析 , 揭示表层孢粉在整个 广东沿海及海南岛东南部 的分布和传播规律 , 尤其关注以往未涉及的广东沿岸海域的孢粉分布情况。研究发现 草本花粉如禾本科 Poaceae 、蒿属 Artemisia 、藜科 Chenopodiaceae 、十字花科 Brassiceae 除在广东沿海近岸带含量较高外 , 一般都低 , 可能与沿岸热带亚热带草地 分布以及水稻、甘蔗、蔬菜种植 有关 , 推测 是以冬季表层环流为动力由北向南传播的 。松属 Pinus 花粉百分比高 (20%) 且传播较远 , 以珠江口和东沙群岛附近的样点最高 , 向西南逐渐降低 , 说明 松属花粉是以冬季风为主要动力传播的。 近海区域表层沉积的芒箕孢子含量很高 (60%), 可能与剧烈的人类活动干扰有关。 而热带、亚热带阔叶林花粉 ( 如 栲属和栎属 ) 的数量却远远低于其在陆地植被中的数量。 广东沿岸的栲属 Castanopsis 、栎属 Quercus 、三缝孢 T rilete-spore 等花粉主要来源于海南岛和广东沿岸 , 可能是随河流及南海北部表层环流输送的。 单缝孢及水生植物莎草科 Cyperaceae 的百分含量以靠近珠江口的样点较高 , 可能与河流的注入有关。
In order to investigate the relationship between pollen distribution of marine surface sediments, pollen transmission mechanisms and vegetation, climate of pollen source areas, we conducted field sampling, laboratory experiments, calculation of pollen percentage and pollen concentration in this study. Our goal is to provide a reliable basis for paleoenvironmental research in the South China Sea. We analyzed the distribution of pollen in the surface sediments of Guangdong coast and southeast Hainan Island as recorded in the 40 samples from the area 108°34 ′ 12 ″ - 120°E and 17° - 23°43 ′ 12 ″ N at water depths of 37 - 3370m, focusing on the sea area along Guangzhou coast that has not been involved in surface pollen analysis before. It is found that pollen percentage of herbs (Poaceae, Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae and Brassiceae ) is low and the higher pollen percentage occurs in the sea area near Guangdong, probably related to tropic and subtropic grassland, cultivated rice, sugarcane and vegetable along the coast of Guangdong. The Pinus pollen percentage was relatively high (20%) and was transported over longer distance. It is revealed that Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae and Brassiceae were transported from north to south by the winter ocean current, while Pinus was transported by the winter monsoon. The high percentage of Trilete-spore (60%) in the surface sediments near the shore was probably related to human activities . Most pollen of tropical and subtropical broad-leaved trees ( Castanopsis, Quercus ) found in the northern part of the SCS occurred in low percentage. The pollen of Guangdong coast, such as Castanopsis, Quercus, and Trilete-spore, came from Hainan Island and Guangdong coast, probably was transported by rivers and coastal ocean currents. The higher percentage of Monolete-spore and Cyperaceae in the surface sediments occurred near the Pearl River Estuary , implying a fluvial discharge from the Pearl River.
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