利用目前国际先进的第三代海浪模式WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ(WW3), 以CCMP(Cross-Calibrated, Multi-Platform)风场为驱动场, 对近22年南海的波浪能资源进行模拟研究。综合能流密度大小、能级频率、有效波高(significant wave height, SWH)和能流密度的长期变化趋势以及能流密度的稳定性等各方面, 发现我国南海尤其是南海北部海域蕴藏着较为丰富、适宜开发的波浪能资源; 并探索性地构建了一套资源评估系统, 对南海的波浪能资源进行综合分析, 寻找资源的相对优势区域, 为海浪发电、海水淡化等波浪能资源开发工作提供科学依据。结果表明: 1)南海大部分海域的能流密度在2—16kWm?1, 大值区分布于吕宋海峡—中南半岛东南海域一线。2)近22年期间, 南海大部分海域的SWH以0.005—0.025ma?1的速度显著性逐年线性递增, 大部分海域的波浪能流密度以0.05—0.55kWm?1a?1的速度显著性逐年线性递增。3)南海大部分海域2Wm?1以上能流密度出现频率在60%以上。4)南海大部分海域波浪能流密度各月的变异系数Cv基本都在0.9以内, 稳定性较好, 大部分海域的月变化指数Mv指数在6以内, 季节变化指数Sv指数在4以内。5)南海北部为波浪能资源的相对优势区域。
In this study, the third-generation wave model, WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ, was used to simulate the wave field in the South China Sea during 1988?2009 with wind input of the CCMP (Cross-Calibrated, Multi-Platform ) wind field. An assessment system was then established, and the characteristics of wave energy resources were analyzed, which can provide guidance to wave power plant location, desalination and so on. Synthetically considering the energy density, the frequency of energy level, long-term trend of significant wave height (SWH) and wave energy density, the stability of energy density, it is found that the South China Sea is rich in wave energy resources, especially the northern waters of the South China Sea. Our results are as follows. 1) Wave energy density in most of the South China Sea is 2?16kW?m?1, with a large area located in the Lvsong Strait. 2) Most waters in the South China Sea have significant increasing trends in SWH (of 0.005?0.025 ma?1) and wave energy density (of 0.05?0.55 kWm?1a?1). 3) Frequency of wave energy density above 2 kWm?1 is large than 60% in most of the South China Sea. 4) Coefficient of variation in most of the South China Sea is below 0.9, monthly variability index below 6, and seasonal variability index below 4. 5) The northern sea area is a relatively richer region in wave energy resource.
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