收稿日期: 2011-11-02
修回日期: 2013-06-10
网络出版日期: 2013-06-10
基金资助
基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(40706024)
Dissolved methane concentration and sea-to-air transfer flux of dissolved methane in the upper seawater of the central and northern South China Sea
Received date: 2011-11-02
Revised date: 2013-06-10
Online published: 2013-06-10
根据2010年4—5月国家基金委南海多学科综合航次在南海中部和北部的调查资料，利用抽真空气相色谱法测定海水中溶存甲烷浓度，分析了该海区上层海水中溶存甲烷的浓度、饱和度及海气交换通量。南海中部和北部表层海水中溶存甲烷浓度范围为1.15—5.6nmol·L-1，平均值为2.2nmol·L-1，饱和度范围为59.7%—298.8%，59%站位的溶存甲烷处于过饱和状态。甲烷海气交换通量范围分别为-17.7—61.3µmol·m-2·d-1(根据LM-86方程计算)和-27.9—119.6µmol·m-2·d-1(根据W-92方程计算)。南海是大气中甲烷的来源之一，年甲烷辐射量估算值为2.7×10-2—4.0×10-2Tg·a-1。
马立杰 , 崔迎春 . 南海中部和北部上层海水中溶存甲烷浓度及海气交换通量*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2013 , 32(2) : 94 -101 . DOI: 10.11978/j.issn.1009-5470.2013.02.011
Dissolved methane concentration, saturation and the sea-to-air transfer flux of dissolved methane in the upper seawater of the central and northern South China Sea (SCS) were analyzed using data from a comprehensive multidisciplinary voyage to this sea from April to May 2010. Dissolved methane from seawater was determined by gas chromatography (GC) through vacuum pumping. The methane concentrations of the surface seawater in the central and northern SCS varied from 1.15 to 5.6 nmol·L-1, with an average value of 2.2 nmol·L-1. The methane saturation varied from 59.7% to 298.8%, with oversaturated methane found at 59% of the sites. The sea-to-air transfer flux of methane varied from -17.7 to 61.3 µmol·m-2·d-1 (calculated by the LM-86 equation) and from -27.9 to 119.6 µmol·m-2·d-1 (calculated by the W-92 equation). The SCS is one of the sources of atmospheric methane with an estimated value of annual methane radiant quantity from 2.7×10-2 to 4.0×10-2 Tg·a-1.
[1] Albritton D L,Meira Filho L G,Cubasch U,et al Contribution of working group I to the third assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change[M]//Houghton J T, Ding Y, Griggs D J, et al. Climate change 2001: the scientific basis. Cambridge: The Press Syndicate Of The University Of Cambridge, 2001: 881.
[2] Cicerone R J, Oremland R S. Biogeochemical aspects of atmospheric methane[J]. Global Biogeochem Cycles, 1988,2:299-327.
[3] Crutazen P J. Methane’s sinks and sources[J]. Nature, 1991,23:89-96.
[4] Brooks J M, Sackett W M. Source, sinks, and concentrations of light hydrocarbons in the Gulf of Mexico[J]. Journal of geophysical Research, 1973,78(24):5248-5258.
[5] Scranton M I, Brewer P G. Occurrence of methane in the near-surface waters of the western subtropical North-Atlantic[J]. Deep-Sea Research, 1977,24:127-138.
[6] Brooks J M, Reid D F, Bernard B B. Methane in the upper water column of the northwestern Gulf of Mexico[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1981,86(C11):11029-11040.
[7] 臧家业). 东海海水中的溶存甲烷[J]. (海洋学报) 1998,20(2):52-59.
[8] 夏新宇),(王先彬). 西太平洋上层海水溶解甲烷浓度及碳同位素特征研究[J]. (沉积学报) 1996,1(4):45-49.
[9] 张桂玲),(张经). 海洋中溶存甲烷研究进展[J]. (地球科学进展) 2001,16(6):829-835.
[10] Zhang Guiling, Zhang Jing, Ren Jingling,et al. Distributions and sea-to-air fluxes of methane and nitrous oxide in the North East China Sea in summer[J]. Marine Chemistry, 2008,110:42-55.
[11] Zhou Huaiyang, Yin Xijie, Yang Qunhui,et al. Distribution, source and flux of methane in the western Pearl River Estuary and northern South China Sea[J]. Marine Chemistry, 2009,117:21-31.
[12] Yang Jing, Zhang Guiling, Zheng Lixiao,et al. Seasonal variation of fluxes and distributions of dissolved methane in the North Yellow Sea[J]. Continental Shelf Research, 2010,30:187-192.
[13] Watanabe S. Annual variation of methane in seawater in Funka Bay[J]. Japan. J Oceanogr, 1994,50:415-421.
[14] Bates T S, Kelly K C, Johnson J E,et al. A reevaluation of the open ocean source of methane to the atmosphere[J]. J Geophys Res, 1996,101(D3):6953-6961.
[15] Zhang G L, Zhang J, Kang Y B,et al. Distributions and fluxes of dissolved methane in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea in spring[J]. J Geophys Res, 2004,109(C7), C07011. doi:10.1029/2004JC002268.
[16] 中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院合肥石油化探研究所. SY/T 11579-2003 中华人民共和国石油天然气行业标准 油气化碳试样测定方法第2部分:溶解烃测定气相色谱法[S]. (国家经济贸易委员会) 2003:1-8.
[17] 中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院合肥石油化探研究所. SY/T11580-2003 中华人民共和国石油天然气行业标准 油气化探试样测定方法第3部分:顶空间轻烃测定气相色谱法[S]. (国家经济贸易委员会) 2003:1-9
[18] Wiesenburg D A, Guinasso N L. Equilibrium solubilities of methane, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen in water and seawater[J]. J Chem Eng Data, 1979,24:356-360.
[19] Liss P S, Merlivat L. Air-sea gas exchange rates: introduction and synthesis[M]//Buat MÉnard P. The role of air-sea exchange in geochemical cyclings. Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing Company Mass, 1986:113-127.
[20] Wanninkhof R. Relationship between wind speed and gas exchange over the ocean[J]. J Geophys Res, 1992,97(C5):7373-7382.
[21] Patra P K, Lal S, Venkataramani S,et al. Seasonal variability in distribution and fluxes of methane in the Arabian Sea[J]. J Geophys Res, 1998,103:1167-1176.
[22] Upstill-Goddard R C, Barnes J, Frost T,et al. Methane in the Southern North Sea: low salinity inputs, estuarine removal and atmospheric flux[J]. Glob Biogeochem Cycles, 2000,14:1205-1217.
[23] Bange H W, Bartell U H, Rapsomanikis S,et al. Methane in the Baltic and North Seas and a reassessment of the marine emissions of methane[J]. Glob Biogeochem Cycles, 1994,8:465-480.
[24] Amouroux D, Roberts G, Rapsomanikis S,et al. Biogenic gas (CH4, N2O, DMS) emission to the atmosphere from near-shore and shelf waters of the Northwestern Black Sea[J]. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci, 2002,54:575-587.
[25] Chen C T A, Wang S L, Lu X X,et al. Hydrogeochemistry and greenhouse gases of the Pearl River, its estuary and beyond[J]. Quaternary International, 2008,186:79-90.
[26] Rehder G, Suess E. Methane and pCO2 in the Kuroshio and the South China Sea during maximum summer surface temperatures[J]. Marine Chemistry, 2001,75:89-108
[27] 陈照章),(胡建宇),(朱佳),等. 2005年7月台湾海峡西南部海域的上升流与冲淡水观测[J]. (热带海洋学报) 2008,27(4):19-22.
[28] 吴日升),(李立). 南海上升流研究概述[J]. (台湾海峡) 2003,22(2):269-277.
[29] 俞永强),(李超),(王东晓),等. 暖池季节变化的数值模拟及其对海表热力和动力强迫的敏感性[J]. (热带海洋学报) 2011,30(1):1-10.
[30] Zeng LILi, ShI Ping, Liu W T,et al. Evaluation of a satellite-derived latent heat flux product in the South China Sea: a comparison with moored buoy data and various products[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2009,94:91-105.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
