2011年11月28日至2012年1月12日期间, 通过对南海18°N至5°N海域25个站点78个溶解态铝样品的采集分析及所获得的浮游植物数据, 首次研究报道了南海中南部海域溶解态铝的空间分布特征, 探讨其与浮游植物群落结构之间的关系。结果表明, 表层海水中溶解态铝平均含量138.3±39.1nmol·L-1, 呈现陆架高、海盆和岛礁区低的水平分布特点; 表层浮游植物共57属132种, 分别属于硅藻门38属72种, 甲藻门18属58种, 蓝藻门1属2种, 细胞总丰度在(0.75~21.09)×103cell·dm-3之间, 表层溶解态铝的分布与甲藻总丰度(n=22, r=0.55, p<0.01)具有显著的正相关性。就垂直分布而言, 溶解态铝在0~100m水深内变化剧烈, 在100~300m深度范围内, 溶解态铝变化不明显, 200m处稍有增加; 溶解态铝的垂直分布与营养盐相关性不显著, 与叶绿素a浓度(n=16, r=0.58, p<0.05)、浮游植物总丰度(n=16, r=0.59, p<0.05)和甲藻总丰度(n=15, r=0.69, p<0.01)显著正相关, 推测冬季溶解态铝对南海甲藻生长具有一定促进作用。
Based on the cruise in the central and southern South China Sea from November 28th, 2011 to January 12th, 2012, the characteristics of dissolved aluminum distribution and its correlation with phytoplankton community structure were presented in this paper. The data included 78 dissolved Al samples at 25 stations between 5 and 18°N. The average value of dissolved Al in the surface water was 138.3±39.1 nmol·L-1, showing a horizontal distribution with high concentration in the continental shelf water and low concentration in the open sea and around islands and reefs. In the surface water samples, we identified 132 phytoplankton species belonging to 57 genera, including Bacillariophyta, Pyrrophyta and Cyanophyta. Phytoplankton biomass fluctuated from 0.75×103 to 21.09×103 cell·dm-3 and showed a significant positive correlation with dissolved Al (n=22, r=0.55, p<0.01). Dissolved Al showed obvious variation from the surface to 100 m in the vertical profiles, but little change from 100 to 300 m. No strong analogy between dissolved Al and nutrients was observed at two vertical profiles. However, dissolved Al exhibited a significant positive correlation with chlorophyll a (n=16, r=0.58, p<0.05), the total abundance of phytoplankton (n=16, r=0.59, p<0.05), and the Pyrrophyta abundance (n=15, r=0.69, p<0.01), which indicates that the dissolved Al may have stimulated Pyrrophyta’s growth in the central and southern South China Sea in winter.
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