研究了广州市场7种食用鱼体中多氯联苯(polychlorinated biphenyls, PCBs)和滴滴涕(dichlorodipheny-ltrichloroethane, DDTs)的残留水平、组成特征及其人体饮食暴露风险。结果表明, PCBs和DDTs在广州食用鱼体中普遍检出, 其浓度范围分别为71~1488和695~38044pg·g-1(湿重)。鱼体中PCBs和DDTs浓度均与脂肪含量存在极显著的正相关关系, 表明高的脂肪含量有利于鱼体中PCBs和DDTs的富集。不同食性鱼体间PCBs和DDTs含量存在显著差异(p<0.001)。鱼体中PCBs主要单体为PCB 28和PCB 153, DDTs的主要成分为2,2-双(p-氯苯基)-1,1-二氯乙烯(p,p′-DDE)和2,2-双(p-氯苯基)-1,1-二氯乙烷(p,p′-DDD)。81.3%的鱼样中(DDE+DDD)/∑DDTs比值大于0.5, 表明鱼体内DDTs主要是由历史残留所致。居民摄食广州市场鱼类对PCBs和DDTs的每日暴露量分别为1.93~71.9和23.0~1875.6ng·d-1。
Residual levels and composition profiles of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites (DDTs) were determined in seven species of fish at a wholesale fish market in Guangzhou, China. Concentrations of PCBs and DDTs ranged from 71~1488 and 695~38044 pg·g-1 (wet weight), respectively. Significant positive correlations existed between lipid contents in the fish and log normalized concentrations of PCBs and DDTs, implying that high lipid content is conducive to the enrichment of these contaminants. Significant differences in concentrations of PCBs and DDTs were observed in different fish species. PCB 28 and PCB 153 were the predominant congeners of PCBs; and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis-(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene, (p,p′-DDE) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis-(p-chlorophenyl)ethane, (p,p′-DDD) were the dominant components of DDTs. We found that 81.3% of samples with values of (DDE+DDD)/∑DDTs larger than 0.5, indicating that DDTs in these fish were mainly derived from historical residue. The estimated daily intakes per person of PCBs and DDTs via fish consumption in Guangzhou were 1.93~71.9 and 23.0~1875.6 ng·d-1, respectively.
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