文章以中国南方常见的紫菜属物种长紫菜Pyropia dentata、坛紫菜P. haitanensis和皱紫菜P. crispata叶状体为研究对象, 通过测定藻体叶绿素a、类胡萝卜素、藻红蛋白和藻蓝蛋白含量, 以及光化学量子产量、总抗氧化能力和二苯基苦基苯肼(diphenyl picrylhydrazyl, DPPH)自由基清除率, 研究了这三种紫菜对高温胁迫(26、29、32℃)的生理响应。研究结果显示, 高温胁迫造成了三种紫菜色素含量的降低, 藻体外观逐步出现了发红、发白、变透明的现象; 高温导致了三种紫菜最大光化学量子产量和实际光化学量子产量的下降, 29℃和32℃下的降低更是达到了极显著水平; 长时间(>3d)的高温胁迫也导致了紫菜总抗氧化能力和DPPH自由基清除能力的降低: 32℃下, 坛紫菜和长紫菜在第3d就开始死亡, 皱紫菜也无法存活6d。相对而言, 皱紫菜耐高温能力最强, 长紫菜次之, 而坛紫菜受高温胁迫的伤害程度则最严重, 可见皱紫菜和长紫菜具有在中国南方沿海推广栽培的潜力和优势。
Physiological responses to high temperature stress of the thalli of Pyropia dentata, P. haitanensis and P. crispata, which were commonly distributed in South China, were studied by measuring the content of chlorophyll a, carotenoids, phycoerythrin and phycocyanin, the yield of photochemical efficiency, the capacity of total antioxidant, and the scavenging rate of diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)radical. Results showed that the content of pigments declined due to high temperature stress, and the thalli became red, white and transparent gradually. Pyropia thallus’ photosynthetic efficiency (maximal photochemical quantum yield and actual photochemical quantum yield) decreased under high temperature stress, especially under 29℃ and 32℃. Being under high temperature stress for a long time (>3d) also resulted in decreases of total antioxidant capacity and DPPH radical scavenging rate. P. haitanensis and P. dentata began to die when they were stressed under 32℃ for three days, and P. crispata could not survive under 32℃ for six days. P. crispata had the strongest resistance to high temperature stress followed by P. dentata, while P. haitanensis was the most sensitive one. Thus, P. crispata and P. dentata had the potential and advantages in extension of cultivation in South China.
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