根据2013年和2014年在南海中南部海域变水层拖网采集的长钻光鱼样品, 对其体长和体质量组成、年龄和生长、性腺成熟度及摄食等级等生物学特征进行了初步研究。结果显示, 150m水层长钻光鱼体长范围为80~128mm, 优势体长组为80~100mm, 占82.4%, 平均体质量为2.40g; 200m水层长钻光鱼体长范围为43~195mm, 优势体长组为80~140mm, 占76.9%, 平均体质量为4.47g; 400m水层长钻光鱼体长范围为86~186mm, 优势体长组不明显, 平均体质量为9.64g。渔获个体平均体长由浅到深呈增加趋势, 由南到北呈先增加后减少趋势; 均值分析t检验表明, 150m、200m、400m水层长钻光鱼体长分布均呈极显著差异(p<0.01)。长钻光鱼春季平均体长和平均体质量分别为111mm和3.84g; 秋季平均体长和平均体质量140mm和5.50g; 冬季平均体长和平均体质量分别为134mm和7.44g。其生长参数b值为3.0726, 符合等速生长特征。有效鉴定的45个长钻光鱼耳石样品中1龄鱼35个, 1+龄鱼10个; 年龄最小为6个月, 体长为128mm; 年龄最大为16个 月, 体长为187mm。其性腺成熟度以Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期为主, 春季性腺成熟度最高。其摄食等级以0级和1级为主, 最高为3级, 不同水层长钻光鱼的摄食等级无显著差异。
Based on elongata poatholefish Gonostoma elongatum samples collected by middle water trawl in the central- southern part of the South China Sea during 2013 and 2014, body length and body weight composition, age and growth, gonad maturity composition, feeding stage of G. elongatum were studied. The results are as flows. At 150 m depth, the range of body length is 80~128 mm, and the dominant size is 80~100 mm that is 84.2% of the total. At 200 m water layer, the range of body length is 43~195 mm, and the dominant size is 80~140 mm that is 76.9% of the total. At 400 m water layer, the range of body length is 86~186 mm, and the dominant size is not obvious. The mean size of G. elongatum has an increasing tendency from shallow to deep water, first increasing and then decreasing tendency from south to north. T-test indicates that the body length distribution at 150, 200 and 400 m presented significant differences (p<0.01). In spring, the mean body length and mean weight were 111 mm and 3.84 g, respectively. In autumn, the mean body length and mean weight were 140 mm and 5.50 g, respectively. In winter, the mean body length and mean weight were 134 mm and 7.44 g, respectively. The growing parameter, b value, is 3.0726, which indicates isometric growth in G. elongatum. A total of 45 statoliths of G. elongatum were identified, including 35 individual of one year old and 10 individual 1+ years old. The minimum age was six months old with mean body length of 128 mm; the maximum age was 16 months old with body length of 187 mm. The mean body length and mean body weight of fish of one year old were 138 mm and 5.12 g, respectively. The mean body length and mean body weight of fish of 1+ year old were 157 mm and 7.53 g, respectively. The gonad maturity of G. elongatum is mainly at stagesⅠand Ⅱ, and the highest stage appears in spring. The feeding stage of G. elongatum is mainly at stages 0 and 1, and the highest feeding stage is 3. On the whole, the feeding stage of G. elongatum is not much different at these depths.
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