选取10对高多态性、非遗传连锁的微卫星引物对分布于广东和福建南部海区若干葡萄牙牡蛎(Crassostrea angulata)养殖群体和野生群体种群进行遗传变异分析。3个养殖群体分别采样于福建漳浦(zp1)、广东饶平(zp2)和广东惠州大亚湾(zp4), 一个野生群体采样于福建漳浦(zp3)。结果表明无论养殖群体还是野生群体, 其种群遗传多样性均较高: 3个葡萄牙牡蛎养殖群体期望杂合度为0.769~0.857, 野生群体期望杂合度为0.878; 3个养殖群体的观测杂合度为0.410~0.518, 野生群体为0.641; 3个养殖群体基因多样性为 0.769~0.820, 野生群体为0.878, 表明尚未存在种质衰退问题。4个群体间出现显著分化, 表明这几个群体间基因交流有限。养殖群体的遗传多样性低于野生群体, 提醒要提防葡萄牙牡蛎资源的种质衰退。
Genetic diversity of several wild and hatchery populations of Crassostrea angulata from Fujian and south Guangdong coast was analyzed by 10 microsatellite markers with high polymorphism and non-genetic-linkage among them. Three hatchery populations were sampled from Zhangpu of Fujian Province (zp1), Raoping (zp2) and Daya Bay (zp4) of Guangdong Province, and the wild population (zp3) was collected from Zhangpu of Fujian Province. The results revealed that high level of genetic diversity existed not only in wild population but also in the three hatchery populations with the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.769 to 0.857 in the hatchery populations and 0.878 in the wild population. The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.410 to 0.518 in the hatchery populations and 0.529 in the wild population. The gene diversity was also high in the hatchery populations (ranged from 0.769 to 0.857) and wild population (0.878). The results showed that the germplasm recession problems did not exist in both wild and hatchery populations. Significant genetic differentiation existed among these four populations, suggesting that genetic exchanges were limited among them. Since the genetic diversity of the hatchery populations was lower than that of the wild population, germplasm recession of C. angulata should be concerned and prevented.
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