大亚湾的潮汐动力学研究——Ⅱ.潮位和潮流双峰现象的产生机制
作者简介:严聿晗(1993—), 男, 浙江省金华市人, 硕士研究生, 近海环流与物质输运。Email: yanyuhan@outlook.com
收稿日期: 2016-08-23
要求修回日期: 2016-09-22
网络出版日期: 2017-06-01
基金资助
国家重点基础研究发展计划(2015CB452905)
中国博士后科学基金第8批特别资助(2015T80742)
Study on the tidal dynamics in Daya Bay, China — Part Ⅱ. The generation of double high waters and double-peak flood-current flows
Received date: 2016-08-23
Request revised date: 2016-09-22
Online published: 2017-06-01
Supported by
Major State Basic Research Development Program (2015CB452905)
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2015T80742)
Copyright
文章为大亚湾潮汐动力学系列研究论文的第二部分, 主要关注大亚湾双峰水位现象和涨潮流速双峰现象的产生机制。基于前人研究成果和数学解析方法, 得出在大亚湾海域水位的双峰现象主要是由以M2为代表的半日分潮与四分之一日分潮(如M4分潮)和六分之一日分潮(如M6分潮)共同作用造成的。并对产生双峰水位和涨潮流速双峰的条件进行了数学解析, 利用数值模拟结果发现, M2/M4分潮组合在大亚湾并不能产生双峰水位现象, 而M2/M6分潮组合只能在大亚湾东北的范和港产生双峰水位现象。相对而言, M2、M4和M6 3个分潮叠加的组合在双峰水位的产生范围和双峰间落差上都要大于上述2个分潮的组合。在大亚湾湾内区域, 涨潮流速双峰可以由M2/M4分潮组合, M2/M6分潮组合和M2/M4/M6分潮组合产生, M2/M4/M6分潮产生的涨潮流速双峰强度要比另外两组分潮组合大。
严聿晗 , 武文 , 宋德海 , 鲍献文 . 大亚湾的潮汐动力学研究——Ⅱ.潮位和潮流双峰现象的产生机制[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2017 , 36(3) : 46 -54 . DOI: 10.11978/2016079
This paper is the second part of our studies on tidal dynamics in Daya Bay (DYB), China. It illustrates the generation mechanism of double high waters and double-peak flood-current flows. Double high waters resulted from a subtle interaction between a semi-diurnal tide (M2) and higher harmonics (M4 and M6) in DYB. Based on previous studies, the conditions to produce double high waters and double-peak flood-current flows were found in this study by using an analytical method. The double high waters could be generated by combinations of M2/M6 tides (limited in the Fanhe Harbor) or M2/M4/M6 tides; however, the combination of M2/M4 tides failed to produce this unique phenomenon in DYB. Besides, the water falling range between two high waters generated by the combination of M2/M4/M6 tides was larger than that of M2/M6 tides, both in extension and in magnitude. The combinations of M2/M4, M2/M6 and M2/M4/M6 were all able to produce double-peak flood-current flows, but the magnitude of M2/M4/M6 triplet was larger than the other two pairs in DYB.
Fig. 1 Bathymetry map of Daya Bay, with T1-T2 indicating tidal elevation stations and C1-C6 indicating tidal current stations图1 大亚湾地形图^图中T1和T2为水位站, C1~C6为海流站 |
Fig. 2 Observed water levels at Station T1 (black) and Station T2 (red)图2 T1(黑色)和T2(红色)站实测水位时间序列^ |
Fig. 3 Observed current velocity at Station C3 for (a) u with eastward positive and (b) v with northward positive图3 C3站的实测流速时间序列^a. 东西向流速(东为正); b. 为南北向流速(北为正) |
Fig. 4 The reproduced tidal-elevation curves at Station T1 by using combination of M2 tide and its overtides for (a) M2/M4, (b) M2/M6 and (c) M2/M4/M6图4 T1站M2分潮与其倍潮的水位重构图^a. M2/M4; b. M2/M6; c. M2/M4/M6 |
Fig. 5 The reproduced tidal-elevation curves at station T1 by using combination of individual constituents for (a) O1/K1/M2, (b) M2/S2/MS4, (c) M2/MS4/2MS6 , and (d) S2/M4/2MS6图5 T1站不同分潮组合的水位重构图^a. O1/K1/M2; b. M2/S2/MS4; c. M2/MS4/2MS6; d. S2/M4/2MS6 |
Fig. 6 Two condition to produce double high waters (a) Conditions to produce double high waters by the combination of M2 and M4 tides. Color indicates water falling range (shown in meters), assuming = 0.35 m and = 0°. The red solid line gives the analytical critical solution. (b) is the same as (a), except for M2 and M6. (c) The tidal-elevation curve for /= 0.49 and -= 90°. (d) The tidal-elevation curve for /= 0.80 and -= 45°. (e) The tidal-elevation curve for /= 0.80 and -= 180°. The relationships between amplitude ratio and phase lag shown in (c), (d) and (e) corresponding to the black dots c, d and e in (a)图6 两种双峰水位形成条件^a. 由M2/M4分潮造成的双峰水位的形成条件。= 0.35m、= 0°, 红线代表的是临界条件的解析解; 图中黑点c、d、e分别对应图c、d、e中的振幅比和迟角差关系。b. 由M2/M6分潮造成的双峰水位的形成条件。c. 当/= 0.49、-= 90°时的水位序列图; d. 当/= 0.80、-= 45°时的水位序列图; e. 当/= 0.80、-= 180°时的水位序列图 |
Fig. 7 The distribution of water falling range (units: m) in Daya Bay by using combination of individual constituents for (a) M2/M6 and (b) M2/M4/M6图 7 大亚湾内M2/M6(a)和M2/M4/M6(b)所产生水位落差的分布图 |
Fig. 8 (a) Difference between/and critical /to produce double-peak flood-current flow (positive indicates the capability to produce double-peak flood- current flow). (b) Same as (a), except for M2 and M6图8 利用模式结果计算/和临界/的差(a)和利用模式结果计算/和临界/的差(b)^数值为正代表可以产生涨潮流速双峰; 图中黑色实线是数值为0的等值线 |
Fig. 9 The distribution of Current Difference Range (units: m·s-1) in Daya Bay by using combination of individual constituents for (a) M2/M4, (b) M2/M6 and (c) M2/M4/M6图 9 大亚湾M2/M4 (a)、M2/M6 (b)和M2/M4/M6 (c)所产生的流速落差分布图 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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