考虑根茎叶的近岸植物对海啸波消减实验研究
作者简介:何飞(1992—), 男, 安徽省安庆市人, 在读硕士研究生, 主要从事海洋动力过程及其模拟技术研究。E-mail: mright_1_HF@163.com
收稿日期: 2016-12-05
要求修回日期: 2017-03-07
网络出版日期: 2017-09-22
基金资助
国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(51239001)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51409022)
湖南教育厅科研资助项目(YB2015B034)
水利部水科学与水工程重点实验室开放研究基金项目(YK914013)
长沙理工大学研究生科研创新项目(CX2016SS06)
Experimental investigation on tsunami wave attenuation under the effects of coastal vegetation with root, stem and crown
Received date: 2016-12-05
Request revised date: 2017-03-07
Online published: 2017-09-22
Supported by
State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (51239001)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (51409022)
Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department (YB2015B034)
Program for Key Laboratory of Water Science and Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources (YK914013)
Graduate Student Scientific Research Fund of Changsha University of Science & Technology (CX2016SS06).
Copyright
何飞 , 陈杰 , 蒋昌波 , 赵静 . 考虑根茎叶的近岸植物对海啸波消减实验研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2017 , 36(5) : 9 -15 . DOI: 10.11978/2016127
In this study, we experimentally investigated the interaction of tsunami wave with coastal vegetation based on theoretical analysis. Tsunami wave and coastal vegetation were modeled by solidary wave and vegetation model including root, stem and crown, respectively. Effects of root, stem, crown, and distribution density on tsunami wave attenuation were analyzed. Results showed that tsunami wave dissipation was affected by root, stem and crown to different degrees. Transmission coefficient changes were functions of the combination of relative wave height, relative height of root, relative height of stem, relative height of crown, relative width, and distribution density. A dimensionless equation was derived to characterize the inherent relationships between characteristic of wave attenuation and factors of hydrodynamics and vegetation. The purpose of this paper was to provide scientific guidance for minimizing the impact of tsunami wave on coastal regions.
Key words: tsunami wave; coastal vegetation; wave attenuation; root; stem; crown
Fig. 1 Sketch of experiment图1 实验布置 |
Fig. 2 Vegetation mode图2 植物模型&图中数字单位为cm |
Tab. 1 Experimental cases表1 实验工况 |
序号 | 模型 | 实验水深h/cm | 入射波波高 H/cm | 植物分布 密度ψ |
---|---|---|---|---|
模型1 | 树干 | 25.0 | 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, 12.0 | 0.0099 |
30.0 | ||||
35.0 | ||||
45.0 | ||||
模型2 | 树干+ 根部 | 25.0 | ||
30.0 | ||||
35.0 | ||||
45.0 | ||||
模型3 | 树干+ 冠部 | 25.0 | ||
30.0 | ||||
35.0 | ||||
45.0 | ||||
模型4 | 根部+树干+冠部 | 25.0 | ||
30.0 | ||||
35.0 | ||||
45.0 | ||||
模型5 | 根部+树干+冠部 | 25.0 | 0.0063 | |
30.0 | ||||
35.0 | ||||
45.0 | ||||
模型6 | 根部+树干+冠部 | 25.0 | 0.0040 | |
30.0 | ||||
35.0 | ||||
45.0 | ||||
模型7 | 根部+树干+冠部 | 25.0 | 0.0032 | |
30.0 | ||||
35.0 | ||||
45.0 |
Fig. 3 Vegetation distribution mod图3 植物模型分布方式 |
Fig. 4 Variation of transmission coefficient with relative height of root. (a) Open markers: stem; and filled markers: stem + root. (b) Open markers: stem + crown; and filled markers: stem + crown + root图4 透射系数随相对树根高度的变化规律 |
Fig. 5 Variation of transmission coefficient with relative height of crown. (a) Open markers: stem; and filled markers: stem + crown. (b) Open markers: stem + root; and filled markers: stem + root + crown图5 透射系数随相对树冠高度的变化规律 |
Fig. 6 Variation of transmission coefficient with distribution density. (a) h=25 cm; (b) h=30 cm; (c) h=35 cm; and (d) h=45 cm图6 透射系数随分布密度的变化规律 |
Fig. 7 Variation of transmission coefficient with dimensionless hydrodynamics and vegetation parameters图7 透射系数与无量纲化水动力参数和植物参数之间关系 |
Tab. 2 Coefficient of variation of CV of predicted formula compared with experimental measurements表2 实测数据与经验公式预测值均方根偏差变异系数 |
模型 | 模型参数ψ | CV/% |
---|---|---|
模型1 | 0.0099 | 2.23 |
模型2 | 0.0099 | 2.64 |
模型3 | 0.0099 | 11.60 |
模型4 | 0.0099 | 11.00 |
模型5 | 0.0063 | 7.37 |
模型6 | 0.0040 | 6.78 |
模型7 | 0.0032 | 5.44 |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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