印度洋沉积物中火山灰应用研究进展
作者简介:杜恕环(1982#cod#x02014;), 女, 广东省汕头市人, 副研究员, 博士, 主要从事海洋风成与微体古生物研究。Email: shuhuandu@scsio.ac.cn
收稿日期: 2016-11-08
要求修回日期: 2016-12-13
网络出版日期: 2018-01-18
基金资助
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类) (XDA11030104)
广东省公益研究与能力建设专项(2015A020216015)
Progress of applied research of tephra in the Indian Ocean sediments
Received date: 2016-11-08
Request revised date: 2016-12-13
Online published: 2018-01-18
Supported by
Foundation item: Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Science (XDA11030104)
Guangdong Province Science and Technology Project (2015A020216015)
Copyright
印度洋是我国#cod#x0201c;21世纪海上丝绸之路#cod#x0201d;的重要通道, 更是亚洲季风两个子系统(印度季风和东亚季风)的主要策源地, 在全球变化中扮演着重要角色。海洋沉积物中的火山灰作为一种地层研究工具, 不仅记录了源区、搬运介质和搬运机制的相关信息, 还能有效#cod#x0201c;等时#cod#x0201d;定年, 其含量和成分对研究沉积作用和构造活动具有重要意义。文章对印度洋沉积物中的火山灰应用研究进展进行了综述, 包括: 1)火山灰定义及其在印度洋沉积物中#cod#x0201c;等时面#cod#x0201d;的应用; 2)火山灰(火山玻璃)的测试分析方法及其在追踪物质来源、火山构造与岩浆作用、印度季风演化等方面的运用。今后我国在印度洋开展火山灰研究主要应该聚焦在两方面: 1)表层沉积物中的火山灰及其应用; 2)火山灰与高分辨率古环境记录。可以利用火山灰定年的#cod#x0201c;等时#cod#x0201d;性探讨气候变化的区域差异及驱动因素。
杜恕环 , 向荣 , 陈木宏 , 刘建国 , 张兰兰 , 罗传秀 , 苏翔 , 张强 . 印度洋沉积物中火山灰应用研究进展[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2017 , 36(6) : 12 -18 . DOI: 10.11978/2016114
The Indian Ocean is the important channel of #cod#x0201c;Maritime Silk Road#cod#x0201d; in the 21st century, and is the main origins of the two sub-systems (the Indian monsoon and the East Asian monsoon) of the Asian monsoon, which plays an important role in the global change. Tephra in marine sediments as a stratigraphic tool not only records the information of source area, transporting medium and mechanism, but also can effectively make isochronal dating. The content and composition of tephra has great significance to study sedimentary and tectonic activity. In this paper, we summarize progress of applied research of tephra in the Indian Ocean sediments, including: 1) the definition of tephra and its isochronal dating in the Indian Ocean sediments; and 2) the analysis method of tephra (volcanic glass) and the effect on trace material sources, volcanic structure and magmatism, the Indian monsoon evolution, etc. Our future work on tephra in the Indian Ocean mainly includes in two tasks: 1) tephra and its application in surface sediments; and 2) tephra and high-resolution paleoenvironment records. Finally, regional climate change and driving factors are discussed by means of tephra isochronal dating.
Key words: Indian Ocean; deep-sea sediments; tephra; analysis; apply
Fig. 1 Schematic of volcanic eruptions and proximal and distal volcanic deposits produced by volcanic eruptions. After Robock (2000)图1 火山喷发作用及其产生的近、远源火山堆积示意图 (根据Robock, 2000 修改) |
Fig. 2 Distribution of the main sites of tephra in the Indian Ocean sediments图2 研究印度洋火山灰的主要站点分布图 |
Tab. 1 The methods and dating in Toba volcanic ash layer表1 Toba火山灰层定年及方法 |
火山灰层 | 年代 | 方法 | 地点 | 数据来源 |
---|---|---|---|---|
A层 (YTT) | (73.5#cod#x000b1;5.0)ka | K-Ar | 苏门答腊 | Ninkovich et al, 1978 |
(73.0#cod#x000b1;4.0)ka | 40Ar/39Ar | 苏门答腊 | Chesner et al, 1991 | |
(68.0#cod#x000b1;7.0)ka | 裂变径迹 | 马来西亚 | Chesner et al, 1991 | |
(73.0#cod#x000b1;4.0)ka | 40Ar/39Ar | 印度洋 | Dehn et al, 1991 | |
(73.9#cod#x000b1;2.6)ka | 氧同位素年龄 | 苏门答腊 | Rampino et al, 1992 | |
(79.0#cod#x000b1;8.0)ka | 裂变径迹 | 印度及马来西亚 | Westgate et al,1998 | |
(76.0~80.0)ka | 氧同位素年龄 | 印度洋 | Qiu et al, 2014 | |
(70.0~75.0)ka | 230Thexcess | 印度洋 | Mascarenhas-Pereira et al, 2016 | |
C层(MTT) | (501.0#cod#x000b1;5.0)ka | 40Ar/39Ar | 印度洋 | Chesner, 1988 |
D层 | (800#cod#x000b1;20)ka | 40Ar/39Ar | 印度洋 | Hall et al, 1995 |
E层(OTT) | (840#cod#x000b1;300)ka | 40Ar/39Ar | 印度洋 | Chesner et al, 1991 |
I层 | (4.43#cod#x000b1;0.03)Ma | 40Ar/39Ar | 印度洋 | Hall et al,1995 |
Fig. 3 The precise match of proximal and distal tephras by combining trace element ratio and isotopic characteristic Indian Ocean tephras 4W, 5W; after (Peate et al, 2003)图3 利用微量元素比值结合同位素特征精确匹配近源-远源火山灰 4W、5W: 印度洋火山灰样品编号; 据Peate et al, 2003 |
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