印度洋珊瑚记录的气候和环境变化
作者简介:陈天然(1981#cod#x02014;), 男, 江苏省镇江市人, 博士, 副研究员, 主要从事珊瑚礁与全球变化研究。E-mail: chentianran@scsio.ac.cn
收稿日期: 2016-10-14
要求修回日期: 2016-11-16
网络出版日期: 2018-01-18
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41476038、41676049)
中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2015284)
Climatic and environmental changes traced in Indian Ocean corals
Received date: 2016-10-14
Request revised date: 2016-11-16
Online published: 2018-01-18
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China (41476038, 41676049)
Chinese Academy of Sciences Youth Innovation Promotion Association (2015284)
Copyright
印度洋对于我国的政治经济和气候变化都极为重要。造礁珊瑚分布广泛(遍布印度洋和太平洋热带海区)、其文石骨骼具有年轮结构、非常适合U/Th高精度定年, 且地球化学指标记录准确可靠。因此, 用珊瑚作为记录载体, 可有效地将气候和环境变化记录的时间序列延长至器测之前。文章首先介绍了印度洋珊瑚的分布、现状以及重要性等概况; 然后从环境污染、古风暴、古海平面和气候变化[包括亚洲季风、降雨和大气环流、海表水温(SST)和IOD(Indian Ocean Dipole, IOD)、洋流]等方面综述了印度洋珊瑚在印度洋气候和环境变化记录中的作用和贡献; 最后根据笔者的认识, 进行了简单的小结和点评。
陈天然 , 胡敏航 . 印度洋珊瑚记录的气候和环境变化[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2017 , 36(6) : 39 -50 . DOI: 10.11978/2016097
The Indian Ocean is critical for China's economy and climate changes. Coral-based climatic and environmental changes can effectively prolong recorded time series, longer than instrumental records, because reef corals are widely distributed in the Indo-Pacific Ocean, their aragonite skeletons have an annual banding structure and are suitable for U/Th dating, and their geochemical records are reliable. In this paper, we first introduced the coral reef distribution in the Indian Ocean, and its current status and importance. Then, we reviewed coral-based past climatic and environmental change reconstructions based on four aspects including environmental pollution, paleo-storms, paleo-sea level variation, and climate changes (such as Asian monsoon, rainfall, atmospheric circulation, sea surface temperature, Indian Ocean Dipole, and ocean currents). We ended the paper with a summary and discussion.
Key words: Indian Ocean; coral; recording; climate change; environmental change
Fig. 1 Yellow markers indicate the distribution of Indian Ocean coral reefs. Data are from Wilkinson (2008). Geophysical data are download from NOAA (http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov). White dotted boxes indicate the major areas of coral-based climate reconstructions图1 印度洋的珊瑚礁(黄色短曲线)分布示意图(资料来源: Wilkinson, 2008) 底图的印度洋地形数据来源于NOAA (http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov)。白色虚线方框内为有珊瑚地球化学记录的主要海区 |
Fig. 2 Diagrams of microatoll. After Natawidjaja et al (2004).(a) A fossil microatoll off Sumatra; (b) X-ray photography of the slab collected in the fossil microatoll; and (c) the picture shows the growth of the microatoll 图2 微环礁示意图(Natawidjaja et al, 2004) a. 苏门答腊古微环礁(中间切去了一个断面); b. 断面切片的X光照片(上面可清楚看到明暗相间的年生长带, 图中#cod#x0201c;1897#cod#x000b1;8#cod#x0201d;等指示的是U/Th年代的结果); c. 微环礁的生长过程 |
Fig. 3 Holocene sea level changes revealed by reef cores from the western Indian Ocean. The results of Camoin et al (1997, 2004) are shown as a black line; the results of Zinke et al (2003, as a green line; and the results of Kench et al (2009, as a red line图3 西印度洋珊瑚礁钻孔指示的全新世以来的海平面变化 根据文献Camoin et al, 1997, 2004(黑色); Zinke et al, 2003(绿色); Kench et al, 2009(红色) |
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