单颗粒碎屑矿物在海洋沉积物物源分析中的应用*
作者简介:来志庆(1983—), 男, 山东莒县人, 高级工程师, 主要从事海洋地质教学与研究。E-mail: zqlai@ouc.edu.cn
收稿日期: 2018-04-07
要求修回日期: 2018-09-13
网络出版日期: 2019-01-16
基金资助
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2017PD002)
国家自然科学基金项目(41376053)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(201751005)
Constraints on the marine sediment provenance from single-grain detrital mineral: A review
Received date: 2018-04-07
Request revised date: 2018-09-13
Online published: 2019-01-16
Supported by
Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China (ZR2017PD002)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (41376053)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (201751005)
Copyright
单颗粒碎屑矿物可减小源区岩石类型、蚀变过程和程度及搬运与沉积过程对物源信息释读的干扰, 已逐渐成为海洋沉积物物源分析的有力工具, 并取得一定的应用成果。目前, 锆石、石榴石、长石、辉石、角闪石、独居石及磁铁矿等均已被成功用于海洋沉积物物源研究, 并主要利用单矿物主量元素、年代学等方法精确识别物源区地质特征和位置, 但单矿物微量元素、同位素及微区结构及多矿物对比研究的应用尚有不足; 因此, 目前对物源信息的释读难免片面, 物源识别方法和技术也仍未成熟。随着方法的发展和完善, 将可开展诸多深入研究, 如通过锆石、独居石、云母和磷灰石等不同矿物的年代学研究, 示踪研究物源区的时空变化; 通过建立多矿物定量研究模型, 进而定量研究源区蚀变速率和源汇过程中的物质输运通量和过程等。文章总结单颗粒碎屑矿物在物源识别中的应用现状, 并展望其应用前景, 以期引起同行对此研究方法的关注, 进一步促进该方法在海洋沉积物物源分析中的应用和发展。
来志庆 , 刘海青 , 林霖 , 韩宗珠 , 国坤 . 单颗粒碎屑矿物在海洋沉积物物源分析中的应用*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2019 , 38(1) : 85 -95 . DOI: 10.11978/2018036
Single-grained detrital minerals have been powerful tool for evaluating marine sedimentary provenance due to their advance for weakening the influence of rock types and alteration in the source, transportation and sedimentation on extracting provenance information. In recent years, zircon, garnet, feldspar, pyroxene, amphibole, monazite, and magnetite were used for sedimentary provenance discrimination in marine science. Single-grained mineral major elements and chronology were often utilized to accurately identify geological characteristics and location of source area; nonetheless, trace elements, isotopes and micro-textures were not sufficient So far, the evaluation of marine sedimentary provenance was fragmentary, which could be evaded by multi-mineral techniques. Further, in-depth studies should be conducted to trace the temporal-spatial evolution of source location through zircon monazite, mica and apatite geochronometry, to quantify erosion rates of source rocks and material flux from source and sink through a multi-mineral quantitative model. In this review, single-grained techniques of minerals in marine provenance research were summarized, and prospects are highlighted to carry out better studies on provenance discrimination of marine sediments.
Tab. 1 Microanalysis instruments for single-grain detrital minerals表1 碎屑单颗粒矿物微区分析仪器 |
序号 | 仪器 | 分析测试内容 |
---|---|---|
1 | 电子探针 | 矿物及包体的微区结构与主微量元素、矿物定年 |
2 | 二次离子质谱仪 | 矿物及包体的同位素与挥发分含量、矿物定年 |
3 | 激光剥蚀等离子体质谱仪 | 矿物及包体同位素与微量元素、矿物定年 |
4 | 激光拉曼光谱仪 | 矿物及包体的结构与组成分析 |
5 | 扫描电镜与能谱仪 | 矿物及包体的形貌、结构及成分 |
Fig. 1 Diagram for classification of clinopyroxene. After Morimoto et al (1988)图1 单斜辉石矿物分类图解(据 Morimoto et al, 1988) |
Fig. 2 The TiO2-Al2O3-MgO genesis illustration of magnetite from surface sediments in the eastern South China Sea. After Yang et al (2004). (Ⅰ) Granite; (Ⅱ) basalt; (Ⅲ) gabbro; (Ⅳ) peridotite; (Ⅴ1) amphibolite; (Ⅴ2) diorite; (Ⅵ) kimberlite; (Ⅶ) hydrothermal and Ca-skarn; (Ⅷ) hydrothermal and Mg-skarn; (Ⅸ) metagenesis-hydrothermal superimposed; (Ⅹ) carbonate rock; (Ⅺ) transitional types图2 南海东部表层沉积物中磁铁矿TiO2-Al2O3-MgO 成因图解(据杨群慧 等, 2004) |
Fig. 3 U-Pb age spectra of detrital zircons from Yinggehai-Song Hong Basin. After Wang et al (2014)图3 莺歌海-宋红盆地不同地层碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱图(据Wang 等, 2014) |
Fig. 4 BSE images and compositional profiles of plagioclase phenocryst from basalts in the Okinawa Trough. (a) Profiles for patchy-core plagioclase; and (b) profiles for fine oscillatory-zoned plagioclase. After Lai et al (2016)图4 冲绳海槽玄武岩中斜长石微区结构与成分剖面图[据Lai等(2016)] |
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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