石斑鱼虹彩病毒SGIV在宿主细胞内依赖微管运动的行为特征
王立群(1992—), 男, 广东省汕头市人, 硕士研究生, 从事海洋分子生物学及功能基因组学研究。E-mail: 846045157@qq.com |
Copy editor: 孙淑杰
收稿日期: 2019-03-03
要求修回日期: 2019-04-22
网络出版日期: 2020-01-09
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(41606183)
广东省自然科学基金项目(2016A030310111)
国家重点研发计划资助(2017YFA0505300)
国家自然科学基金项目(21727816)
国家自然科学基金项目(21721003)
国家自然科学基金项目(21525314)
版权
Dynamic characteristics of microtubule-dependent transport of Singapore Grouper Iridovirus in host cells
Received date: 2019-03-03
Request revised date: 2019-04-22
Online published: 2020-01-09
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41606183)
Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China(2016A030310111)
National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0505300)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(21727816)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(21721003)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(21525314)
Copyright
病毒是非常微小的简单生物, 不能独立生存, 必须借助宿主细胞完成自身的繁衍。病毒侵染进入细胞后, 通常借助于微管通过黏稠的细胞质运动到特定的复制位点。然而, 有关病毒依赖微管运动行为的精细动态研究还比较少。石斑鱼虹彩病毒(Singapore grouper iridovirus, SGIV)为虹彩病毒科蛙病毒属的一个新种, 是海水养殖鱼类的重要病毒性病原, 对海水养殖业造成重大经济损失。利用单粒子示踪技术实时追踪了SGIV病毒粒子沿微管运动的行为, 观察到SGIV在细胞边缘至微管中心之间的双向运动, 最高瞬时速度约0.2μm·s-1, 均表现为主动运输。病毒粒子运动至微管交叉位置会减速迂回, 而后或受限于此, 平均运动速率约0.008μm·s-1, 或通过交叉处继续快速运动, 最高瞬时速度为0.2μm·s-1。同时, SGIV感染会影响微管的形态结构, 随着SGIV感染, 微管逐渐围绕细胞核和病毒加工厂形成环状结构。研究结果初步揭示了SGIV病毒和细胞微管之间相互作用的复杂过程, 丰富了我们对虹彩病毒胞内生命活动的认识, 有助于深入地理解海水鱼类虹彩病毒感染致病机理。
王立群 , 王劭雯 , 王宏达 , 秦启伟 . 石斑鱼虹彩病毒SGIV在宿主细胞内依赖微管运动的行为特征[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2020 , 39(1) : 66 -73 . DOI: 10.11978/2019021
Viruses are tiny intracellular parasites and rely on the cellular machinery for replication. Usually, internalized viruses hijack the microtubule for effectively moving from cell membrane to specific compartments for replication. However, the elaborate process of microtubule-dependent transport of viruses in live cells remains unclear. Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) belongs to genus Ranavirus, family Iridoviridae, which is an important viral pathogens marine fish, and causes serious economic losses. In this study, different microtubule-dependent behaviors of SGIV were analyzed by the single-particle tracking technique. We found that some SGIV particles showed bi-directional and active motions from cell periphery to the microtubule organizing center (MTOC), with the highest speed reaching 0.2μm·s-1. When reaching the microtubule intersection, SGIV particles slowed down. Then, some virus was confined near the intersection, with an average speed of 0.008 μm·s-1. Other virus moved forward through the intersection, with a high speed of 0.2μm·s-1 again. In addition, SGIV infection could affect the morphology. The microtubule gradually formed a circular structure around the nucleus and viral factory during SGIV infection. These preliminary results reveal the complex interaction between SGIV and microtubule, further our understanding of intracellular activity of iridoviruses, and contribute to our understanding of the pathogenesis of iridoviruses infection.
图1 SGIV沿微管的双向运动a. SGIV沿微管从细胞膜向MTOC运输的共聚焦图像; b. SGIV沿微管从MTOC向细胞膜运输的共聚焦图像。箭头指示正在沿微管运动的病毒粒子, 圆圈所示为MTOC。c. 图a和b所示病毒粒子的运动轨迹。d. 图a和b所示病毒粒子的瞬时运动速率。e. 图a和b图所示病毒粒子的MSD图; 图中红色曲线是公式LMSD=4Dt+(Vt)2的拟合, 其中LMSD是平均平方位移距离, D和V分别是扩散系数和拟合速度, t为时间; 黑色曲线是病毒粒子不同时间间隔的MSD数据 Fig. 1 Single virus moved bi-directionally along microtubule. a) Confocal images of single virus moved from cell membrane to MTOC along microtubules. Scale bar is 10 μm. The arrow indicates the virus particle moving on microtubule. The circle indicates MTOC. b) Confocal images of single virus moved from MTOC to cell membrane along microtubules. The arrow indicates the virus particle moving on microtubule. The circle indicates MTOC. c) The trajectory of the virus particle shown in (a) and (b). d) The instantaneous speed of the virus particle shown in (a) and (b). e) The MSD-time plots of the virus particle shown in (a) and (b). The red lines are fitted to the equation LMSD=4Dt+(Vt)2 (LMSD is the average square displacement distance, D and V are the diffusion efficient and mean speed of the particles, respectively). The black lines indicate the MSD data. |
图2 SGIV在微管交叉位置减速后继续运动a. SGIV在微管交叉位置减速后继续运动的共聚焦图像, 箭头指示沿微管运动的病毒粒子。b. 图a所示病毒粒子的运动轨迹。c. 图a所示病毒粒子的瞬时运动速率。d. 图a所示病毒粒子的MSD图 Fig. 2 Single virus decelerated near the intersection of microtubules and moved along the microtubule sequentially. a) Confocal images of single virus limited at an intersection of microtubules. The arrow indicates the virus particle moving on microtubule; b) the trajectory of the virus particle shown in (a); c) the instantaneous speed of the virus particle shown in (a); and d) the MSD-time plots of the virus particle shown in (a) |
图3 SGIV在微管交叉处进行受限运动a. 单个SGIV病毒粒子在微管交叉处进行受限运动的共聚焦图像, 箭头指示沿微管运动的病毒粒子。b. 图a所示病毒粒子的运动轨迹。c. 图a所示病毒粒子的瞬时运动速率。d. 图a所示病毒粒子的MSD图 Fig. 3 Single virus limited at the intersection of microtubules. a) Confocal images of single virus limited at an intersection of microtubules. The arrow indicates the virus particle moving on microtubule; b) the trajectory of the virus particle shown in (a); c) the instantaneous speed of the virus particle shown in (a); and d) the MSD-time plots of the virus particle shown in (a) |
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