养殖密度对银鲳幼鱼生长、代谢酶活力及其相关基因表达的影响

doi:10.11978/2019045

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用为期40d的饲养试验, 探讨养殖密度(30尾·m^-3、60尾·m^-3和90尾·m^-3)对初始平均体质量为(3.88±0.72)g的银鲳幼鱼生长、肝脏和肾脏中谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的酶活力以及相应基因mRNA表达的影响。结果显示: 1) 60尾·m^-3组银鲳幼鱼的增重率和特定生长率分别为(235.19±10.23)%和(4.03±0.10)%, 显著高于30尾·m^-3组(p<0.05), 而与90尾·m^-3组无显著性差异(p>0.05); 2) 90尾·m^-3组银鲳幼鱼的酶活力变化最显著, 30尾·m^-3组的变化幅度最小, 60尾·m^-3组介于两者之间; 3) 肝脏和肾脏中LDH、ALT、AST酶活力均呈先升高后降低的趋势, 其中肝脏中LDH、ALT、AST酶活力高峰分别出现在6h、10d和10d, 是初始值的2倍、4.3倍和2倍, 肾脏中3种酶活力峰值则分别出现在1d、3d和5d, 是初始值的2.1倍、2.2倍和3.1倍; 4) AST、ALT、LDH等3种酶基因mRNA表达量变化规律与各自酶活力变化规律一致。综上所述, 养殖密度60尾·m^-3时可促进银鲳幼鱼生长, 90尾·m^-3高密度养殖会导致银鲳幼鱼额外能量的需求增加, 糖异生相关基因mRNA表达量上调使肝脏、肾脏中AST、ALT、LDH酶活力显著升高, 最终出现生长变慢的情况。

关键词: 银鲳幼鱼, 养殖密度, 代谢酶, 谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、乳酸脱氢酶的基因表达

Abstract:

The feeding experiment lasted for 40 days to explore the effects of breeding density (30, 60 and 90 individuals·m^-3) on the growth, enzyme activity and mRNA expression of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in liver and kidney of juvenile Pampus argenteus with an average body weight of (3.88±0.72) g. Results are as follows. The weight gain rate and specific growth rate of the 60 individuals·m ^-3 group were (235.19±10.23)% and (4.03±0.10)%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the 30 individuals·m^-3 group (p<0.05), but showed no significant differences with the 90 individuals·m^-3 group (p>0.05). The changes of enzyme activity of juvenile Pampus argenteus were the most significant in the 90 individuals·m^-3 group and were the least significant in the 30 individuals·m^-3group. The activities of LDH, ALT and AST in liver and kidney increased first and then decreased, and the values of the three enzyme activities reached the peak at 6 h, 10 d and 10 d, respectively, which were 2.0 times, 4.3 times and 2.0 times of the initial values. The peak values of the three enzyme activities appeared at 1 d, 3 d and 5 d in kidney, respectively, and the values were 2.1 times, 2.2 times and 3.1 times of the initial values. The changes of mRNA expression of AST, ALT and LDH genes and the changes of the three enzyme activities in liver and kidney showed significant correlations. In conclusion, the breeding density of 60 individuals·m^-3 could promote the growth of juvenile Pampus argenteus. However, the 90 individuals·m^-3 group might cause extra energy demand increases in Pampus argenteus juveniles. Increased expression of gluconeogenesis-related genes mRNA resulted in significant increases of AST, ALT and LDH activities in liver and kidney, and eventually slowed down the growth of juvenile Pampus argenteus.

Key words: juvenile Pampus argenteus, breeding density, metabolic enzymes, AST, ALT and LDH gene expression levels

中图分类号:

P735.541

倪嘉豪, 朱晓静, 季益平, 周彬, 王亚军, 徐善良, 王丹丽. 养殖密度对银鲳幼鱼生长、代谢酶活力及其相关基因表达的影响[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2020, 39(2): 54-64.

Jiahao NI, Xiaojing ZHU, Yiping JI, Bin ZHOU, Yajun WANG, Shanliang XU, Danli WANG. Effects of breeding density on the growth, metabolic enzyme activity and related gene expression level of juvenile Pampus argenteus[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2020, 39(2): 54-64.

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引物	序列(5'—3')	片段大小/bp	退火温度/℃
AST-F AST-R	AGTGGAAGGAGATTGCTGACATTGT ACTCCACTCTCTTTGCCTCATCTGT	242	58
ALT-F ALT-R	TCATCAAACTGGTGTCGGTGCG TGTGGTGTAGGAGGGCTCATCAGGC	103	61
LDH-F LDH-R	GCGACAAAGACTACAGCGTGAC CGATGTTGGGGATGATAAACTTGAA	137	57

组别	初始体质量/g	终末体质量/g	增重率/%	特定生长率/%
低密度组(30尾·m^-3)	4.30±0.50	11.27±0.46	162.02±10.80 ^b	3.21±0.14 ^b
中密度组(60尾·m^-3)	3.60±0.30	12.07±0.37	235.19±10.23^a	4.03±0.10^a
高密度组(90尾·m^-3)	3.75±0.45	11.10±0.91	196.00±24.25 ^ab	3.61±0.27 ^ab

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