基于实测数据的台湾海峡中部波浪特征分析 *

doi:10.11978/2020035

热带海洋学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 12-20.doi: 10.11978/2020035CSTR: 32234.14.2020035

所属专题：海洋大数据及应用；台湾海峡专题

基于实测数据的台湾海峡中部波浪特征分析 ^*

徐啸^1,²(), 陶爱峰^1,², 李雪丁³(), 郑祥靖³, 林伊楠^1,²

1.河海大学海岸灾害及防护教育部重点实验室, 江苏南京 210098
2.河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院, 江苏南京 210098
3.福建省海洋预报台, 福建福州 350003

收稿日期:2020-04-02 修回日期:2020-06-22 出版日期:2021-01-10 发布日期:2020-07-15
通讯作者: 李雪丁
作者简介:徐啸(1995—), 男, 江苏扬州人, 硕士生, 从事水波动力学研究。email: 15150685669@hhu.edu.cn
基金资助:
福建省科技计划项目(2018Y0001);国家自然科学基金项目(51579091)

Analysis of Wave Characteristics in the Central Taiwan Strait Based on Measured Data

XU Xiao^1,²(), TAO Aifeng^1,², LI Xueding³(), ZHENG Xiangjing³, LIN Yinan^1,²

1. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal Disaster and Protection, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
2. College of Harbour, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
3. Fujian Marine Forecasts, Fuzhou 350003, China

Received:2020-04-02 Revised:2020-06-22 Online:2021-01-10 Published:2020-07-15
Contact: LI Xueding
Supported by:
Science and Technology Planning Project of Fujian Province(2018Y0001);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51579091)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用台湾海峡中部2号大浮标2017年全年的实测波浪资料, 对海浪的基本波要素及其与风的相关性、波谱特性进行统计分析, 得出了重要特征波参数之间的回归关系和适合台湾海峡中部的海浪谱形式。研究结果显示: 1) 台湾海峡中部的常浪向是NE向, 强浪向是NNE向, 月均有效波高的变化范围为0.87~2.98m, 7月波高最小, 12月波高最大, 波周期与波高有着相似的月际变化趋势; 2) 主要波浪类型是以风浪为主的混合浪, 谱型上以单峰为主, 波高与风速整体上呈正相关关系, 大浪主要由台风和强劲的东北季风引起; 3) 波浪的平均周期与大部分特征波周期之间具有良好的线性相关性, NNE、NE方向的波浪有效波高和有效波周期线性相关性较强; 4) 相比于Jonswap谱, 规范谱一是更符合本区域的海浪谱模式, 给出了基于有效波高和谱峰周期拟合的规范谱一形式。这些研究成果可为海洋工程设计和波浪数值模拟提供参考。

关键词: 台湾海峡, 波浪特征, 海浪谱, 波参数, 拟合分析

Abstract:

Using the measured wave data in 2017 in the central Taiwan Strait, we analyze the basic features of wave, including spectral features, and their relationships with wind. The regression relationship among important characteristic wave parameters and the appropriate wave spectrum form are also investigated. The results are as follows. 1) The most frequently occurring wave direction is NE, and the strong wave direction is NNE. The monthly average significant wave height varies from 0.87 to 2.98 m. The wave height is the smallest in July and the highest in December. The wave period has similar inter-month change to wave height. 2) Mixed waves dominated by wind wave and single-peaked spectra make up the majority. The wave height is positively correlated with the wind speed as a whole. Strong wave is mainly generated by typhoons and strong northeast monsoon. 3) There are good linear correlations between mean wave period and most characteristic period parameters. The significant wave height and its corresponding wave period are strongly linearly related in the directions of NNE and NE. 4) Compared with the Jonswap spectrum, the Code spectrum 1 is more reasonable for the fitting of sea wave spectrum in this area. A spectrum in the form of Code spectrum 1 is given, which is fitted by significant wave height and spectral peak period. These results can provide references for ocean engineering design and numerical simulation of wave.

Key words: Taiwan Strait, wave characteristics, wave spectrum, wave parameter, fitting analysis

中图分类号:

P731.22

徐啸, 陶爱峰, 李雪丁, 郑祥靖, 林伊楠. 基于实测数据的台湾海峡中部波浪特征分析 ^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2021, 40(1): 12-20.

XU Xiao, TAO Aifeng, LI Xueding, ZHENG Xiangjing, LIN Yinan. Analysis of Wave Characteristics in the Central Taiwan Strait Based on Measured Data[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2021, 40(1): 12-20.

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	月份												全年
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	全年
小浪频率/%	0.1	0.3	0.5	2.6	2.6	2.1	4.1	1.4	2.1	0.3	0.0	0	16.1
轻浪频率/%	1.6	1.2	2.3	2.5	2.3	4.5	3.5	5.2	3.1	0.4	0.5	0.5	27.6
中浪频率/%	3.4	2.4	3.9	2.0	3.6	1.8	0.6	1.8	2.0	2.5	3.9	2.6	30.5
大浪频率/%	3.2	3.6	1.8	0.6	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.2	1.1	4.3	2.8	4.1	22.0
巨浪频率/%	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.0	0.4	1.4	3.8

位置	测站	月均有效波高/m				月均平均周期/s				大浪频率/%
位置	测站	2月	5月	8月	11月	2月	5月	8月	11月	2月	5月	8月	11月
海峡以北	马祖	2.1	1.3	1.3	2.0	5.6	5.2	5.1	5.3	26	6	14	25
海峡中部	2号标	2.3	1.0	1.0	2.5	6.4	5.4	5.3	6.4	50	0	2	48
海峡以南	东沙岛	2	1.2	1.6	2.6	5.9	5.1	5.6	6.1	26	6	18	58

基于实测数据的台湾海峡中部波浪特征分析 ^*

Analysis of Wave Characteristics in the Central Taiwan Strait Based on Measured Data

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