侵蚀浪条件下沉水植被对沙坝-潟湖海岸的冲淤影响研究

doi:10.11978/2021079

热带海洋学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 31-37.doi: 10.11978/2021079CSTR: 32234.14.2021079

侵蚀浪条件下沉水植被对沙坝-潟湖海岸的冲淤影响研究

丛新(), 匡翠萍(), 武云龙, 夏子龙

同济大学, 上海 200092

收稿日期:2021-06-24 修回日期:2021-08-31 出版日期:2022-07-10 发布日期:2021-09-06
通讯作者: 匡翠萍
作者简介:丛新(1992—), 男, 江苏省徐州市人, 博士研究生, 从事海岸工程方面的研究。email: congxin1992@foxmail.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41976159);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1407900)

Study of the erosion and deposition in a sandbar-lagoon system influenced by submerged vegetation under erosion wave conditions

CONG Xin(), KUANG Cuiping(), WU Yunlong, XIA Zilong

Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

Received:2021-06-24 Revised:2021-08-31 Online:2022-07-10 Published:2021-09-06
Contact: KUANG Cuiping
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(41976159);National Key Research and Development Project of China(2019YFC1407900)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

全球海岸生态系统正遭受气候变化及人类活动带来的威胁, 本文基于沙坝-潟湖系统海岸典型剖面形态, 通过设计实施动床波浪水槽试验, 定量研究了侵蚀浪条件下沉水植被对该系统海岸冲淤的影响。结果表明: 沉水植被明显削弱了沙坝前坡波浪破碎区前缘的波高增大幅度, 并使坝后波高衰减; 植被作用使波浪反射和透射系数减小、耗散系数增大; 侵蚀浪作用下, 沙坝坝顶冲刷较明显, 潟湖内呈淤积趋势, 海岸前丘受波浪冲刷呈陡坎形态。植被影响下沙坝和前丘区域最大侵蚀厚度均减小; 植被可减少沙坝净侵蚀量、潟湖内淤积量及离岸输沙量, 对海岸前丘有较好的保护作用。

关键词: 侵蚀浪, 沉水植被, 沙坝-潟湖, 冲淤, 波浪衰减

Abstract:

Global coastal ecological system is being threatened by climate change and human activities. Based on a typical profile of sandbar-lagoon system and designed wave flume experiments with moving bed, we carried out a quantitative analysis on the effects of submerged vegetation on erosion and deposition under erosion wave conditions. The results show that the submerged vegetation obviously weakens the wave height that increaes in the margin of surf zone on the fore slope of sandbar, and wave attenuation occurs behind the sandbar. Wave reflection and transmission coefficients reduce and wave dissipation coefficient increases due to submerged vegetation. Under the action of erosion waves, the sandbar crest was eroded distinctly, the lagoon showed a deposition trend, and the coastal foredune was eroded in a scarp form. With the influence of vegetation, the maximum erosion thickness of sandbar and foredune zone decreases. In general, vegetation can reduce the net sandbar erosion, the deposition in the lagoon and the offshore sediment transport, which has a good protective effect on the coastal foredune.

Key words: erosion wave, submerged vegetation, sandbar-lagoon, erosion and deposition, wave attenuation

中图分类号:

P737.13

丛新, 匡翠萍, 武云龙, 夏子龙. 侵蚀浪条件下沉水植被对沙坝-潟湖海岸的冲淤影响研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2022, 41(4): 31-37.

CONG Xin, KUANG Cuiping, WU Yunlong, XIA Zilong. Study of the erosion and deposition in a sandbar-lagoon system influenced by submerged vegetation under erosion wave conditions[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2022, 41(4): 31-37.

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工况名称	入射波高IWH/m		波周期/s		有无植被
工况名称	模型	原型	模型	原型	有无植被
T1	0.13	1.30	1.68	5.30	无(光滩)
T2	0.13	1.30	1.68	5.30	有
T3	0.16	1.60	1.80	5.70	无(光滩)
T4	0.16	1.60	1.80	5.70	有

工况名称	反射系数K_r	透射系数K_t	耗散系数K_d
T1	0.28	0.46	0.84
T2	0.22	0.36	0.91
T3	0.36	0.48	0.80
T4	0.29	0.42	0.86

位置	最大淤积厚度/cm				最大侵蚀厚度/cm
	IWH=0.13m		IWH=0.16m		IWH=0.13m		IWH=0.16m
	T1	T2	T3	T4	T1	T2	T3	T4
沙坝	5.30	6.55	6.30	6.86	13.69	12.60	16.64	14.79
潟湖	7.20	5.49	6.42	6.58	0	0	0	0
前丘	7.20	5.49	6.35	6.58	14.80	13.18	15.28	13.88

单宽输沙量/(cm³·cm^-1)		IWH=0.13m			IWH=0.16m
单宽输沙量/(cm³·cm^-1)		沙坝	潟湖	前丘	沙坝	潟湖	前丘
光滩	淤积量	211.98	371.18	166.37	197.64	532.50	94.25
	侵蚀量	1393.77	0	392.93	1730.21	0	404.06
	净输沙量	-1181.79	371.18	-226.56	-1532.57	532.50	-309.81
	总输沙量	-1037.17			-1309.88
含植被	淤积量	195.55	314.03	140.06	204.32	402.28	137.44
	侵蚀量	1216.27	0	263.48	1564.21	0	329.55
	净输沙量	-1020.72	314.03	-123.42	-1359.88	402.28	-192.11
	总输沙量	-830.11			-1149.71

侵蚀浪条件下沉水植被对沙坝-潟湖海岸的冲淤影响研究

Study of the erosion and deposition in a sandbar-lagoon system influenced by submerged vegetation under erosion wave conditions

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