新西兰弧后塔拉纳基地区地幔楔各向异性*

doi:10.11978/2022021

热带海洋学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 124-134.doi: 10.11978/2022021CSTR: 32234.14.2022021

新西兰弧后塔拉纳基地区地幔楔各向异性^*

曹令敏¹^,²(), 赵亮³^,⁴, 赵明辉¹^,²^,⁴, 丘学林¹^,²^,⁴, 袁怀玉⁵^,⁶

1.中国科学院边缘海与大洋地质重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东广州 510301
2.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州), 广东广州 511458
3.中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所, 岩石圈演化国家重点实验室, 北京 100029
4.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
5.麦考瑞大学地球与环境科学学院, 澳大利亚北莱德 NSW 2109
6.西澳大学勘探中心, 澳大利亚克劳利珀斯WA 6009

收稿日期:2022-01-31 修回日期:2022-04-12 出版日期:2023-01-10 发布日期:2022-04-08
通讯作者: 曹令敏。email: cao_lingmin@126.com
作者简介:
曹令敏(1983—), 女, 吉林省延吉市人, 副研究员, 研究方向为地球物理与深部探测。email: cao_lingmin@126.com
*感谢何小波博士对论文讨论的建议。感谢两位匿名审稿专家提出的建设性意见。感谢IRIS (Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology) 数据管理中心和GeoNet (http://www.geonet.org.nz)为本研究提供地震波形数据和地震目录信息。
基金资助:
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)资助(XDB42020103); 国家自然科学基金项目(42076068); 国家自然科学基金项目(91858212); 国家自然科学基金项目(91958212); 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项项目(GML2019ZD0204)

Anisotropic structure in the back arc region, Taranaki, New Zealand^*

CAO Lingmin¹^,²(), ZHAO Liang³^,⁴, ZHAO Minghui¹^,²^,⁴, QIU Xuelin¹^,²^,⁴, YUAN Huaiyu⁵^,⁶

1. Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
2. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
5. ARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid Systems, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde NSW 2109, Australia
6. Centre for Exploration Targeting, University of Western Australia, Crawley Perth WA 6009, Australia

Received:2022-01-31 Revised:2022-04-12 Online:2023-01-10 Published:2022-04-08
Contact: CAO Lingmin. email: cao_lingmin@126.com
Supported by:
Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB42020103); National Natural Science Foundation of China(42076068); National Natural Science Foundation of China(91858212); National Natural Science Foundation of China(91958212); Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)(GML2019ZD0204)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

太平洋板块沿希库兰吉海沟俯冲至新西兰北岛下方300km左右, 向南与新西兰南岛发生碰撞, 导致北岛发生顺时针旋转。该区域为研究俯冲带地幔楔变形, 理解俯冲过程中地幔物质运动及其动力学过程的理想场所。本研究利用近震(深度范围在70~150km) S波分裂计算获得了北岛弧后塔拉纳基地区的地幔楔各向异性特征, 结果显示快波方向和延迟时间在空间上存在一定的变化。深度在120km之上的地震对应的快波优势方向为NE—SW, 近似平行于海沟走向, 反映了地幔楔中平行于海沟方向的地幔流动引起的橄榄岩晶格优势排列; 而120km之下地震主要集中在塔拉纳基地区北部, 快波方向为NNE—SSW向, 且延迟时间随深度增大而增加。由于太平洋板块俯冲到100~150km处的俯冲角度急剧变陡至近似直立, 引起深部地幔楔强烈变形。因此, 推测弧后北部深度>120km地震的NNE—SSW快波方向可能是受到地幔楔中平行于海沟走向的地幔流动, 以及俯冲角度变陡而使深部地幔楔强烈变形的共同作用的结果。弧后北部地幔楔深部的拉张作用更为强烈, 是造成各向异性在空间上变化的主要原因。

关键词: 希库兰吉俯冲带, 塔拉纳基地区, 剪切波分裂, 地震各向异性

Abstract:

The Pacific plate is subducting beneath the North Island of New Zealand along the Hikurangi Trench to depths of ~300 km, and is colliding with the South Island to the south, causing clockwise rotation of the North Island. Study on deformation of the mantle wedge in the subduction zone is essential to understand the mantle material movement and its dynamic mechanism. In this study, we investigate the anisotropy in the mantle wedge beneath the Taranaki region in the western backarc area of the North Island using the S-wave splitting measurement of local events with depths ranging from 70 km to 150 km. The results show spatial variations in the fast wave direction and delay time. The NE-SW trending dominant fast direction from the events with depths above 120 km is approximately trench-parallel, reflecting the crystallographic preferred orientation of olivine caused by the trench-parallel mantle flow in the mantle wedge. The events below 120 km depth are mainly from north of the Taranaki region. The predominant fast direction of these events is NNE-SSW, which delay times increase with depth. The Pacific slab steepens abruptly to a near-vertical plane at about 100~150 km depth, which could induce stronger shear deformation of upper mantle material in the deep mantle wedge. Therefore, the NNE-SSW trending anisotropy with larger delay times in the deep mantle wedge north of the Taranaki region may be caused by the combination of trench-parallel mantle flow and strong deformation of deep mantle wedge due to steepening of the dipping Pacific slab. The stronger extension in the deep mantle wedge of the northern backarc is the main reason for the spatial variation of anisotropy.

Key words: Hikurangi subduction zone, Taranaki region, shear wave splitting, seismic anisotropy

曹令敏, 赵亮, 赵明辉, 丘学林, 袁怀玉. 新西兰弧后塔拉纳基地区地幔楔各向异性^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2023, 42(1): 124-134.

CAO Lingmin, ZHAO Liang, ZHAO Minghui, QIU Xuelin, YUAN Huaiyu. Anisotropic structure in the back arc region, Taranaki, New Zealand^*[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(1): 124-134.

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台站	东经/°	南纬/°	台站	东经/°	南纬/°
ALBT	174.13	39.15	NOPT	174.49	38.95
AOTT	174.80	39.25	NOWT	174.29	39.61
BRET	174.48	39.32	OMUT	174.02	39.54
BROT	174.19	38.99	OPUT	173.84	39.41
CART	174.02	39.19	PIKT	174.46	39.07
CHET	174.35	39.40	PITT	174.14	39.07
CLMT1	174.24	39.37	PUET	173.91	39.51
CROT	174.24	39.06	PUKT1	174.59	39.04
DOVT	173.91	39.19	PUNT	174.02	39.29
HOLT	174.56	39.43	SAUT	173.94	39.25
INGT	174.46	39.60	STAT	174.35	39.32
INST	174.18	39.54	TAVT	174.46	39.51
KERT	174.25	39.09	TIRT	174.33	39.51
LHUT	174.24	39.45	TOET1	174.36	39.13
LTET	174.61	39.34	TORT	174.45	39.14
LWHT	174.07	39.47	UNGT	173.95	39.33
MAGT	174.61	39.34	WANT	173.97	39.45
MATT1	174.57	39.14	WAST	174.33	39.00
MOKT1	174.58	38.97	WINT	174.13	39.58
MTET1	174.61	39.34	YORT	174.25	39.28
NGAT	174.11	39.24

序号	发震时间		南纬 /°	东经 /°	深度/km	深度误差/km	震级
序号	日期	时刻	南纬 /°	东经 /°	深度/km	深度误差/km	震级
1	2002-04-14	23:49:43	39.94	174.55	110.7	2.7	3.8
2	2002-04-21	7:23:13	40.08	174.30	92.6	3.9	3.9
3	2002-05-06	20:51:48	39.77	174.59	132.1	3.6	3.8
4	2002-05-16	17:16:12	38.73	175.83	126.2	2.3	5.0
5	2002-05-26	13:05:23	39.15	175.54	99.7	1.9	4.0
6	2002-07-25	14:02:09	39.25	175.02	149.7	2.8	3.9
7	2002-07-27	20:36:20	38.77	175.55	133.4	3.1	4.0
8	2002-08-12	9:10:32	38.60	176.05	132.8	2.4	4.0
9	2002-08-22	17:51:17	39.99	174.11	113.4	3.2	3.5

台站	地震序号	Δt/s	δt误差/s	φ/°	φ误差/°	台站	地震序号	Δt/s	δt误差/s	φ/°	φ误差/°
ALBT	4	0.16	0.027	21	6.5	NOWT	2	0.08	0.008	49	8
BROT	4	0.13	0.007	40	2.75	OMUT	2	0.27	0.008	27	6.5
CHET	5	0.12	0.009	73	2.75	OPUT	9	0.10	0.009	70	6.5
DOVT	2	0.11	0.015	77	4	PIKT	5	0.17	0.004	40	1
LWHT	2	0.22	0.003	12	5.5	PITT	6	0.12	0.006	73	5
MOKT1	7	0.14	0.005	4	2	STAT	1	0.11	0.050	31	6.25
MOKT1	8	0.33	0.016	1	1.75	STAT	3	0.06	0.004	17	9.25
NOPT	4	0.20	0.005	5	3.25	TOET1	5	0.12	0.018	39	4.75
NOPT	6	0.19	0.007	14	2.25	TORT	7	0.32	0.003	10	2.25

新西兰弧后塔拉纳基地区地幔楔各向异性^*

Anisotropic structure in the back arc region, Taranaki, New Zealand^*

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新西兰弧后塔拉纳基地区地幔楔各向异性*

Anisotropic structure in the back arc region, Taranaki, New Zealand*

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新西兰弧后塔拉纳基地区地幔楔各向异性^*

Anisotropic structure in the back arc region, Taranaki, New Zealand^*