南海西边界流区域涡旋特征及两类冬季环流对涡致热输运的调制

doi:10.11978/2022141

热带海洋学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 52-66.doi: 10.11978/2022141CSTR: 32234.14.2022141

所属专题：全球变化专题

南海西边界流区域涡旋特征及两类冬季环流对涡致热输运的调制

刘钦燕¹^,²(), 李汶莲¹^,³, 石睿¹, 陈举¹, 李春晖⁴, 谢强⁵

1.中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东广州 510301
2.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州), 广东广州 511458
3.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
4.中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所, 广东广州 510640
5.中国科学院深海科学与工程研究所, 海南三亚 572000

收稿日期:2022-06-22 修回日期:2022-08-25 出版日期:2023-05-10 发布日期:2022-09-07
作者简介:
刘钦燕(1976—), 女, 山东省青岛市人, 研究员, 从事环流动力过程及海气相互作用相关研究。email: qyliu66@scsio.ac.cn
基金资助:
科技部资源调查专项课题(2017FY201402); 国家自然科学基金面上项目(41576012); 国家自然科学基金面上项目(41876017); 国家自然科学基金面上项目(42176027)

The characteristics of eddy in western boundary current of South China Sea and its relationship with winter circulation

LIU Qinyan¹^,²(), LI Wenlian¹^,³, SHI Rui¹, CHEN Ju¹, LI Chunhui⁴, XIE Qiang⁵

1. South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
2. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
4. Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Guangzhou 510640
5. Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya 572000, China

Received:2022-06-22 Revised:2022-08-25 Online:2023-05-10 Published:2022-09-07
Supported by:
Science and Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China(2017FY201402); National Natural Science Foundation of China(41576012); National Natural Science Foundation of China(41876017); National Natural Science Foundation of China(42176027)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文基于观测数据和模式产品, 探讨了南海西边界流(South China Sea western boundary current, SCSwbc)区域海洋涡旋的统计特征、涡致热输运并重点探讨了两类冬季环流形态及其风场分布对它们的影响。结果表明研究区域的涡旋气候态上存在旋转速度很强, 半径较大, 振幅略高于平均值的涡旋统计特征, 其中气旋式涡旋(cyclonic eddy, CE)的占比约为56.8%。并且涡旋的生成和消亡主要发生在冬/春季, 而涡旋的振幅、半径和旋转速度在夏/秋季发展到顶峰。年际时间尺度上, 年平均经向风应力与反气旋式涡旋(anticyclonic eddy, AE)的振幅、半径、旋转速度和消亡均有较好的相关性, 但与CE特征的相关性并不好。“O” 型冬季环流模态下, 风场和南海西边界流显著减弱, 冬季环流在越南沿岸发生向东分支。涡旋在“O”模态下吸收平均流能量迅速发展, 在越南沿岸东部地区产生了强的涡致热输运(eddy-induced heat transport, EHT)。同时, 涡旋内部旋转速度减小且反气旋式涡旋个数减少; “U” 型冬季环流模态下, 情况则相反。

关键词: 南海西边界流, 涡旋统计特征, 涡致热输运

Abstract:

Based on the satellite observations and model outputs, the statistical characteristics of eddy, eddy-induced heat transport and the influences from two winter circulation patterns and wind stress are discussed in this study. The results show that the climatological mean of eddy statistics in the study area has characteristics of strong rotation speed, large radius and amplitude that are slightly higher than the average in the whole SCS, among which cyclonic eddy (CE) accounts for 56.8%. The formation and extinction of eddies mainly occur in winter/spring, while the amplitude, radius and rotation speed of eddy reach their peak values in summer/autumn. On the interannual time scale, the annual mean meridional wind stress has a good correlation with anticyclonic eddy (AE) including its amplitude, radius, rotation speed and extinction, but the correlations with CE are weak. In the “O” pattern, the western boundary current and winter wind stress are significantly weakened, and the easterly branches of winter circulation occur along the coast of Vietnam. By absorbing mean flow energy, the eddy in this study area developed rapidly in “O” pattern, generating strong eddy-induced heat transport (EHT) in the east of the Vietnam coast. In the meantime, the rotation speed of eddy and the number of AE decrease. The above situation is opposite under the “U” winter circulation pattern.

Key words: South China Sea western boundary current, eddy statistics, eddy-induced heat transport

刘钦燕, 李汶莲, 石睿, 陈举, 李春晖, 谢强. 南海西边界流区域涡旋特征及两类冬季环流对涡致热输运的调制[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2023, 42(3): 52-66.

LIU Qinyan, LI Wenlian, SHI Rui, CHEN Ju, LI Chunhui, XIE Qiang. The characteristics of eddy in western boundary current of South China Sea and its relationship with winter circulation[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2023, 42(3): 52-66.

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涡旋特征	CE		AE		All
涡旋特征	WSCS	SCS	WSCS	SCS	WSCS	SCS
个数	16046	67156	12502	60861	28548	128017
生成	289	1217	202	1058	491	2275
消亡	319	1306	281	1204	600	2510
振幅/m	0.039	0.028	0.032	0.027	0.036	0.028
半径/km	84.87	68.90	80.81	70.01	82.84	69.46
旋转速度/(m·s^-1)	0.278	0.203	0.240	0.191	0.259	0.197

涡旋统计特征	CE		AE		全部
涡旋统计特征	O	U	O	U	O	U
个数	875	874	686	912	781	893
生成	21	19	13	15	17	17
消亡	21	17	14	17	18	17
振幅/m	0.028	0.029	0.026	0.025	0.027	0.027
半径/km	75.26	74.00	75.03	72.32	75.14	73.16
旋转速度/(m·s^-1)	0.233	0.244	0.192	0.203	0.212	0.224

南海西边界流区域涡旋特征及两类冬季环流对涡致热输运的调制

The characteristics of eddy in western boundary current of South China Sea and its relationship with winter circulation

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