深海微生物原位自动序列培养装置的研发与试验

doi:10.11978/2023166

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

深海微生物在全球碳氮循环中起到重要作用, 目前对深海微生物的精细化研究主要以实验室高压模拟培养检测为主, 当深海样品采集至实验室培养检测时, 温度、压力等环境参数会有一定程度的变化, 影响后续的试验与检测。为此, 设计了一种用于深海微生物原位自动序列培养的装置(ocean automatic series incubation system, OASIS)。文章围绕OASIS的工作原理、系统组成和试验验证等方面展开论述, 重点研究深海液体转移精度问题。OASIS已经通过了水池试验、压力试验、海上试验等各项测试, 试验结果表明: 该装置能在30MPa高压下正常工作, 按照时间顺序自动完成对微生物的培养与生命信息固定, 对准确认识深海生态系统的生态效益提供了良好的设备支撑。

关键词: 原位实验, 自动化装备, 系统设计, 序列化

Abstract:

The global carbon and nitrogen cycles depend heavily on deep-sea microorganisms, and the majority of current, refined research on these organisms is based on high-pressure simulation culture and detection in laboratories. However, when deep-sea samples are brought in for culture and detection, the environmental parameters, such as temperature, pressure, etc, change at various degrees, which has an impact on the results of subsequent experiments and detection. For this reason, a device (ocean automatic series incubation system, OASIS) was developed for in situ automatic series incubation of deep-sea microorganisms. This research emphasizes the accuracy of deep-sea liquid transfer and focuses on the OASIS operating concept, system design, and experimental validation. The device can function normally under 30 MPa high pressure, and it can automatically finish the culture of microorganisms and the fixation of life information in accordance with the chronological order. These test results demonstrate that OASIS has passed the pressure, sea, pool, and other tests. They also accurately provide an understanding of the ecological benefits of deep-sea ecosystems. It offers strong equipment assistance for precisely identifying the ecological advantages of deep-sea environments.

Key words: in situ experiment, automation equipment, system design, serialization

董自珍, 刘纯虎, 张宇. 深海微生物原位自动序列培养装置的研发与试验[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(5): 131-142.

DONG Zizhen, LIU Chunhu, ZHANG Yu. Development and testing of a deep-sea microorganism Ocean Automatic Series Incubation System[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2024, 43(5): 131-142.

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参数名词	技术指标	参数名词	技术指标
最大工作深度	6000m	单个固定管最大容积	150mL
最大工作时长	>72h	培养舱单次最大容积	3000mL
固定管总数量	18个	单台装置空气中总重	55kg
样品转移精度	±2mL	压力传感器检测精度	±0.1MPa

序号	密封填料材质	开启过程扭矩/(N∙m)	关闭过程扭矩/(N∙m)	拧紧力矩/(N∙m)	试验现象
1	A-UPE B-PTFE	7.0	5	9.0	保压30min出现泄露
2	A-UPE B-PTFE+玻璃纤维	6.5	5	8.0	保压4h无泄漏, 但阀针运行有异响
3	A-UPE B-PTFE+石墨	7.5	6	9.5	保压4h无泄漏, UPE填料明显磨损
4	U型圈	6.0	5	8.0	保压24h无泄漏, U型圈无明显磨损

潜次	经度/°E	纬度/°N	深度/m	试验时长/h	获取样品体积/mL	固定管取样误差/%
1	110°35′ 34.80″	18° 38′ 36.24″	103	4	2691	-2.0~0.7
2	111°20′ 27.96″	18° 05′ 48.48″	1874	8	2716	0~2
3	111° 43′ 15.60″	18° 13′ 01.20″	1614	8	2707	-1.3~1.3
4	111° 06′ 44.64″	19° 07′ 12.72″	109	4	2412	0~1.3