胡氏凯伦藻(Karenia hui)对卤虫(Artemia salina)的急性毒性及溶血活性研究

doi:10.11978/2024193

热带海洋学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 162-171.doi: 10.11978/2024193

胡氏凯伦藻(Karenia hui)对卤虫(Artemia salina)的急性毒性及溶血活性研究

陈时兵¹(), 黄博珠², 谢学东², 赵金平², 吕颂辉¹, 岑竞仪¹()

1.暨南大学生命科学技术学院赤潮与海洋生物学研究中心, 广东广州 510632
2.广东省生态环境监测中心, 广东广州 510308

收稿日期:2024-10-15 修回日期:2024-10-23 出版日期:2025-01-10 发布日期:2025-02-10
通讯作者: 岑竞仪
作者简介:
陈时兵(1997—), 男, 山东省聊城市人, 硕士研究生, 从事海洋生态学研究。email: chenshibing97@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3105201); 基于环境DNA技术的典型水源地浮游植物生物多样性数据库构建项目; 广东省重点研发项目(2023B1111050011)

Study of acute toxicity of Karenia hui on Artemia salina and its hemolytic activity

CHEN Shibing¹(), HUANG Bozhu², XIE Xuedong², ZHAO Jinping², LYU Songhui¹, CEN Jingyi¹()

1. Research Center of Harmful Algae and Marine Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
2. Guangdong Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center, Guangzhou 510308, China

Received:2024-10-15 Revised:2024-10-23 Online:2025-01-10 Published:2025-02-10
Contact: CEN Jingyi
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3105201); Construction of a Phytoplankton Biodiversity Database for Typical Water Sources Based on Environmental DNA Technology; Guangdong Provincial Key R&D Program(2023B1111050011)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

凯伦藻藻华在全球范围内频发, 引起了世界各国的广泛关注。胡氏凯伦藻(Karenia hui)为2024年鉴别的凯伦藻属新种, 且发现其对海洋青鳉鱼(Oryzias melastigm)具有致死性, 但目前对该种的研究非常有限。本文通过研究胡氏凯伦藻的生长特性、对卤虫(Artemia salina)的急性毒性作用, 以及不同生长阶段的溶血活性, 旨在揭示该藻的生长特征、对卤虫的毒性效应以及溶血活性的变化规律。研究结果表明胡氏凯伦藻具有特殊的双生长周期, 即初次指数生长期和稳定期后, 会再次进入指数生长期和稳定期。胡氏凯伦藻对卤虫具有急性毒性, 其对卤虫的致死率与藻密度呈正相关, 并随暴露时间增加而升高。在对其不同生长时期对卤虫急性毒性研究中发现, 在23天初次稳定期时对卤虫毒性最强, 在24h卤虫比死亡速率达到最高, 为(0.22±0.03)h^-1, 72h死亡率达到(98.33%±4.08)%。胡氏凯伦藻的溶血活性在首次指数生长期升高, 并在该期末达到峰值(14.43×10^-6HU·cells^-1), 随后在首次稳定期开始下降, 在第二次指数生长期和稳定期内的藻细胞溶血活性较低(0.31×10^-6HU·cells^-1)。本文研究结果可为评估和预防胡氏凯伦藻藻华引起的潜在生态风险提供理论基础。

关键词: 凯伦藻, 胡氏凯伦藻, 急性毒性, 溶血活性

Abstract:

Karenia harmful algal blooms occur frequently worldwide, attracting extensive attention from countries around the globe. Karenia hui, identified as a new species of the genus Karenia in 2024, has been found to be lethal to Oryzias melastigma. Research on this species is currently quite limited. This study investigated its growth characteristics, acute toxicity on Artemia salina, and hemolytic activity at different growth stages. This study aims to reveal the growth curve of K. hui, its toxic effects, and changes in hemolytic activity. The results indicated that K. hui had a unique growth cycle. After the initial exponential growth period and the stable period, it entered the exponential growth period and the stable period again. Karenia hui possessed acute toxicity to Artemia salina, with the death rate of Artemia salina being positively correlated with the density of the algae and increasing with exposure time. In the study of the acute toxicity of K. hui at different growth stages to Artemia salina, the toxicity was the highest on day 23 of the initial stationary phase. The specific death rate of Artemia salina reached its peak at (0.22±0.03)h^-1 within 24 hours, and the death rate after 72 hours reached (98.33±4.08)%. The hemolytic activity of K. hui increased during the first exponential growth phase and reached its peak at the end of this phase (14.43×10^-6HU·cells^-1). It began to decline during the first stationary phase, and remained low during the second exponential growth phase and stationary phase (0.31×10^-6HU·cells^-1). The results of this study can provide a foundation for assessing and mitigating the potential ecological risks posed by K. hui blooms.

Key words: Karenia, Karenia hui, acute toxicity, hemolytic activity

中图分类号:

陈时兵, 黄博珠, 谢学东, 赵金平, 吕颂辉, 岑竞仪. 胡氏凯伦藻(Karenia hui)对卤虫(Artemia salina)的急性毒性及溶血活性研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2025, 44(1): 162-171.

CHEN Shibing, HUANG Bozhu, XIE Xuedong, ZHAO Jinping, LYU Songhui, CEN Jingyi. Study of acute toxicity of Karenia hui on Artemia salina and its hemolytic activity[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2025, 44(1): 162-171.

图/表 7

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时间段	比死亡速率(h^-1)
时间段	低密度组	中密度组	高密度组	对照组	饥饿组
0—24h	0.11±0.03^a	0.19±0.04^b	0.26±0.02^c	0.03±0.02^d	0.03±0.02^d
24—48h	0.10±0.02^a	0.11±0.04^a	0.13±0.03^a	0.01±0.02^b	0.04±0.03^b
48—72h	0.12±0.04^a	0.08±0.04^a	0.02±0.02^b	0.02±0.02^b	0.01±0.01^b
72—96h	0.08±0.03^a	0.03±0.03^bc	0.00±0.00^b	0.04±0.03^c	0.02±0.02^bc

时间段	密度组别	不同培养天数下的比死亡速率(h^-1)
时间段	密度组别	5d	10d	15d	23d	31d	39d
0—24h	低	0.13±0.03^a	0.13±0.04^a	0.15±0.04^a	0.19±0.02^b	0.12±0.03^a	0.13±0.05^a
0—24h	高	0.18±0.02^ab	0.17±0.03^ab	0.20±0.03^bc	0.22±0.03^c	0.15±0.03^a	0.17±0.03^ab
24—48h	低	0.11±0.04^a	0.13±0.06^a	0.13±0.07^a	0.10±0.04^a	0.15±0.03^a	0.14±0.06^a
24—48h	高	0.12±0.04^a	0.13±0.03^a	0.11±0.07^a	0.10±0.06^a	0.15±0.03^a	0.13±0.05^a
48—72h	低	0.06±0.06^ab	0.06±0.04^a	0.10±0.02^abc	0.10±0.04^abc	0.11±0.03^bc	0.13±0.05^c
48—72h	高	0.06±0.04^a	0.07±0.04^a	0.08±0.07^a	0.08±0.07^a	0.08±0.06^a	0.09±0.03^a
72—96h	低	0.10±0.07^a	0.10±0.03^a	0.03±0.04^b	0.01±0.02^b	0.04±0.04^b	0.03±0.02^b
72—96h	高	0.04±0.03^a	0.04±0.04^a	0.02±0.02^a	0.01±0.02^c	0.03±0.03^a	0.02±0.02^a

胡氏凯伦藻(Karenia hui)对卤虫(Artemia salina)的急性毒性及溶血活性研究

Study of acute toxicity of Karenia hui on Artemia salina and its hemolytic activity

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