南海西部秋季海表pCO2分布与海-气CO2通量*

doi:10.11978/2015035

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 文章综合分析了南海西部2012年秋季海表二氧化碳分压(p_CO2)分布及控制因素, 估算并讨论了海-气CO₂通量及其区域性差异。结果表明, 秋季南海西部海表p_CO2变化范围为37.8~57.1Pa, 均高于大气p_CO2, 表现为大气CO₂的源。研究海域海表p_CO2分布主要受海水碳酸盐热力学的影响, 海表温度(SST)是影响海表p_CO2分布的主要因素。但在局部海域, 海表p_CO2分布还受到其他因素的控制。其中, 越南东部局部海域表层海水受湄公河冲淡水的影响呈低盐特征, 高p_CO2的冲淡水团和离岸水团的混合作用直接影响该海域海表p_CO2分布。此外, 珊瑚礁的钙化活动造成南沙群岛弹丸礁西部海域出现表层p_CO2极高值。秋季南海西部表层海水CO₂释放速率的分布格局主要受风速的控制。北部海域海-气CO₂分压差(Δp_CO2)低于中南部海盆, 但其海表风速远高于中南部海盆, 造成北部海域表层海水CO₂释放速率(2.9mmolC·m^-2·d^-1)明显高于中南部海盆(0.9mmolC·m^-2·d^-1)。海-气CO₂通量估算中不能忽视局部海域珊瑚礁代谢作用的影响。

关键词: 南海西部, 二氧化碳分压, 海-气CO2通量

Abstract: Distribution of p_CO2 in the surface water of the western South China Sea (SCS) was examined using data for autumn 2012. In this study, the control factors of surface p_CO2 were investigated and sea-air CO₂ flux in the study area was estimated. The results showed that sea surface p_CO2 values of 37.8 to 57.1 Pa were observed in the western SCS. The sea surface p_CO2 was always higher than that in the atmosphere, which indicated the western SCS acted as a source of the atmosphere CO₂ in autumn. In the study area, sea surface p_CO2 was mainly controlled by carbonate thermodynamics, and sea surface temperature (SST) was the predominant factor that controlled p_CO2distribution. However, sea surface p_CO2 was also influenced by other factors in some areas. The transport of Mekong River diluted water led to low surface salinity water located in the Vietnamese eastern offshore region. Water mixing between Mekong River diluted water with high p_CO2 and offshore water affected the regional surface p_CO2 distribution directly. Furthermore, calcification process of coral reef organisms caused extremely high sea surface p_CO2 to exist in the western Swallow Reef of the Nansha Islands. The CO₂ outgassing rate of the western SCS in autumn was mainly influenced by sea surface wind speed, with average CO₂ outgassing rate of 2.9 mmolC·m^-2·d^-1 in the northern continental shelf and northern basin and of 0.9 mmolC·m^-2·d^-1 in the central and southern basins. The effect of metabolism of coral reefs in regional areas should not be neglected in CO₂ flux estimation.

Key words: the Western South China Sea, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, sea-air CO2 flux

中图分类号:

P734.45

许欣, 于培松, 蔡小霞, 潘建明, 胡佶, 张海峰. 南海西部秋季海表p_CO2分布与海-气CO₂通量^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2016, 35(3): 55-64.

XU Xin, YU Peisong, CAI Xiaoxia, PAN Jianming, HU Ji, ZHANG Haifeng. Distributions of partial pressure of carbon dioxide and sea-air CO₂ flux in the western South China Sea in autumn^*[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2016, 35(3): 55-64.

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南海西部秋季海表p_CO2分布与海-气CO₂通量^*

Distributions of partial pressure of carbon dioxide and sea-air CO₂ flux in the western South China Sea in autumn^*

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