人工梯形生态礁体对复杂岛礁次重力波浪特性影响的试验研究

doi:10.11978/2024137

热带海洋学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 48-57.doi: 10.11978/2024137CSTR: 32234.14.2024137

人工梯形生态礁体对复杂岛礁次重力波浪特性影响的试验研究

聂文军¹(), 屈科¹^,²^,³(), 王超¹, 喻仞石¹, 刘叶文雅¹

1.长沙理工大学水利与环境工程学院, 湖南长沙 410114
2.洞庭湖水环境治理与生态修复湖南省重点实验室, 湖南长沙 410114
3.水沙科学与水灾害防治湖南省重点试验室, 湖南长沙 410114

收稿日期:2024-07-09 修回日期:2024-09-01 出版日期:2025-05-10 发布日期:2025-06-04
通讯作者: 屈科
作者简介:
聂文军(2000—), 男, 硕士研究生, 主要从事波浪水动力研究。email: 2830985756@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFC3103601)

Experimental study on the influence of artificial trapezoidal ecological reefs on the infragravity wave characteristics in complex reefs

NIE Wenjun¹(), QU Ke¹^,²^,³(), WANG Chao¹, YU Renshi¹, LIU Yewenya¹

1. School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, China
2. Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, China
3. Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, China

Received:2024-07-09 Revised:2024-09-01 Online:2025-05-10 Published:2025-06-04
Contact: QU Ke
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3103601)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过在波浪水槽中开展物理模型试验, 重点探讨人工梯形生态礁体在复杂岛礁环境中对次重力波浪特性的影响, 并与无礁体的情况进行了对比, 系统地分析了人工梯形生态礁体在复杂岛礁地形下的波浪传播、反射及衰减效应。试验研究表明, 在生态礁体的后方区域, 波高显著降低。生态礁体有效减弱了礁体附近的波浪破碎, 使得波浪增水值减小, 并且使礁体附近的短波和低频长波的波高变小。生态礁体的存在也有助于减少波浪在斜坡上的最大爬高; 波浪消减幅度随着生态礁体的孔径减小而增大。研究还发现, 当入射波的波高与谱峰周期增加时, 生态礁体对于短波波高、低频长波波高以及波浪增水的影响效果更为明显; 然而随着礁坪水深的增加, 生态礁体在削弱波浪能量方面的效果呈现递减趋势; 有生态礁体存在时的反射系数普遍大于无生态礁体存在时的反射系数。

关键词: 生态礁体, 次重力波浪, 低频长波, 复杂岛礁, 波浪特性

Abstract:

Through physical model tests in the wave flume, the influence of an artificial trapezoidal ecological reef on the infragravity wave characteristics in the complex island reef environment was investigated and compared with the case of no reef. The wave propagation, reflection, and attenuation effects of the artificial trapezoidal ecological reef in the complex island reef terrain were systematically analyzed. The experimental study shows that the wave height was significantly reduced in the rear area of the ecological reef. The ecological reef effectively weakened the wave breaking near the reef, which reduced the wave set-up value, and decreased the wave height of shortwave and low-frequency longwave near the reef. The existence of the ecological reef also helped reduce the maximum run-up of waves on slopes; the amplitude of wave attenuation increased with the decrease of the pore size of the ecological reef. Additionally, when the wave height and spectral peak period of the incident wave increased, the ecological reef had a more pronounced effect on the shortwave wave height, low-frequency longwave wave height and wave set-up. However, with the increase of water depth of the reef flat, the effect of the ecological reef on the weakening of wave energy showed a decreasing trend. The reflection coefficient in the presence of the ecological reef was generally higher than that in its absence.

Key words: ecological reef, infragravity wave, low-frequency longwave, complex reefs, wave characteristics

中图分类号:

聂文军, 屈科, 王超, 喻仞石, 刘叶文雅. 人工梯形生态礁体对复杂岛礁次重力波浪特性影响的试验研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2025, 44(3): 48-57.

NIE Wenjun, QU Ke, WANG Chao, YU Renshi, LIU Yewenya. Experimental study on the influence of artificial trapezoidal ecological reefs on the infragravity wave characteristics in complex reefs[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2025, 44(3): 48-57.

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浪高仪编号	浪高仪位置/m	浪高仪编号	浪高仪位置/m
1^#	12.58	10^#	25.34
2^#	13.121	11^#	25.855
3^#	13.679	12^#	26.35
4^#	23.23	13^#	26.9105
5^#	23.515	14^#	27.471
6^#	23.8	15^#	28.0315
7^#	24.085	16^#	28.592
8^#	24.37	17^#	29.1525
9^#	24.655	18^#	29.713

工况	礁坪水深h_r/m	入射波高H/m	谱峰周期T_p/m	孔径r/m
A1	0.025	0.04	1.50	0.0075
A2	0.025	0.04	1.50	无礁体
A3	0.025	0.06	1.50	0.01
A4	0.025	0.06	1.50	0.005
A5	0.025	0.06	1.00	0.0075
A6	0.025	0.06	1.25	0.0075
A7	0.025	0.06	1.50	0.0075
A8	0.025	0.06	1.75	0.0075
A9	0.025	0.06	2.00	0.0075
A10	0.025	0.06	1.00	无礁体
A11	0.025	0.06	1.25	无礁体
A12	0.025	0.06	1.50	无礁体
A13	0.025	0.06	1.75	无礁体
A14	0.025	0.06	2.00	无礁体
A15	0.025	0.06	1.50	无礁体
A16	0.025	0.08	1.50	0.0075
A17	0.025	0.08	1.50	无礁体
A18	0.025	0.10	1.50	0.0075
A19	0.025	0.10	1.50	无礁体
B1	0	0.06	1.50	0.0075
B2	0	0.06	1.50	无礁体
B3	0.05	0.06	1.50	0.0075
B4	0.05	0.06	1.50	无礁体
B5	0.075	0.06	1.50	0.0075
B6	0.075	0.06	1.50	无礁体

人工梯形生态礁体对复杂岛礁次重力波浪特性影响的试验研究

Experimental study on the influence of artificial trapezoidal ecological reefs on the infragravity wave characteristics in complex reefs

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