东寨港不同退塘还林模式红树林群落特征比较

doi:10.11978/2024126

热带海洋学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 58-65.doi: 10.11978/2024126CSTR: 32234.14.2024126

东寨港不同退塘还林模式红树林群落特征比较

田蜜¹^,²(), 钟才荣¹^,²(), 吕晓波¹^,², 方赞山¹^,², 黄丹慜¹

1.海南省林业科学研究院(海南省红树林研究院), 海南海口 571100
2.海南省热带林业资源监测与应用重点实验室, 海南海口 571100

收稿日期:2024-06-13 修回日期:2024-07-23 出版日期:2025-05-10 发布日期:2025-06-04
通讯作者: 钟才荣
作者简介:
田蜜(1985—), 女, 江苏省徐州市人, 高级工程师, 硕士研究生, 从事红树林生态修复研究。email: mitian@hnaf.ac.cn
基金资助:
海南省省属科研院所技术创新项目(SQKY2022-0022); 海南省重大科技计划项目(ZDKJ202008)

Comparison of mangrove community characteristics in different pond-to-mangrove models in Dongzhaigang

TIAN Mi¹^,²(), ZHONG Cairong¹^,²(), LYU Xiaobo¹^,², FANG Zanshan¹^,², HUANG Danmin¹

1. Hainan Academy of Forestry (Hainan Academy of Mangrove), Haikou 571100, China
2. Key Laboratory of Tropical Forestry Resources Monitoring and Application of Hainan, Haikou 571100, China

Received:2024-06-13 Revised:2024-07-23 Online:2025-05-10 Published:2025-06-04
Contact: ZHONG Cairong
Supported by:
Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund(SQKY2022-0022); The Key Science and Technology Program of Hainan Province(ZDKJ202008)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

从物种组成、群落结构和物种多样性等角度, 以周边天然红树林为参照, 对海南东寨港人工退塘还林、人工辅助退塘还林和自然修复3种修复模式的修复效果进行了比较分析, 为退塘还林工程提供参考与数据支撑。经过25年的修复, 研究区调查到红树植物16种, 人工退塘还林修复模式群落的红树林物种数量最多。各修复模式的群落结构发育良好, 桐花树(Aegiceras corniculatum)、海莲(Bruguiera sexangula)和无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)为区域分布优势种, 其中桐花树和海莲为旺盛增长种群、更新潜力大。退塘还林生态修复区域将向着以海莲、桐花树等自然更新树种为主的方向演替, 逐渐达到乡土红树植物的生态恢复。从物种多样性指数来看, 人工退塘还林模式和人工辅助退塘还林模式的群落复杂程度及物种均匀度一定程度高于自然修复模式和天然林, 适当的人为干扰在早期可以增加红树林修复群落的生物多样性。退塘还林工程中可综合考虑立地条件、成本费用等因素, 优先选择人工辅助退塘还林方式, 促进红树林植被恢复、增加群落物种多样性, 以快速重建良好的红树林湿地生态系统。

关键词: 东寨港, 红树林, 退塘还林, 群落特征, 生态修复

Abstract:

The study provides a reference for the pond-to-mangrove project through comparing the restoration effects of three restoration models in Dongzhaigang, Hainan, from the perspectives of species composition, community structure, and species diversity, using natural mangrove forests as a control. After 25 years of restoration, there were a total of 16 species of mangrove plants in the study area, with the highest species richness observed in the artificial pond-to-mangrove restoration model. The community structure of the three restoration models was well developed, with Aegiceras corniculatum, Bruguiera sexangula, and Sonneratia apetala being the dominant species in the area. Aegiceras corniculatum and Bruguiera sexangula were the species with vigorously growing population and great renewal potential. With the development of the community, the pond-to-mangrove area is expected to transition toward dominance by native tree species such as Bruguiera sexangula and Aegiceras corniculatum for renewal and succession. From the perspective of the community complexity, individual plant densities in both artificial pond-to-mangrove and artificially assisted pond-to-mangrove models were found, to some extent, to be higher than those of the natural restoration model and natural mangrove. In the pond-to-mangrove project, based on site conditions and cost, appropriate artificial assistance could be prioritized to accelerate the restoration process of mangrove vegetation and increase community species diversity so that a healthy mangrove wetland ecosystem is rebuilt quickly.

Key words: Dongzhaigang, mangrove forest, pond-to-mangrove, community characteristics, ecological restoration

中图分类号:

S718.54

田蜜, 钟才荣, 吕晓波, 方赞山, 黄丹慜. 东寨港不同退塘还林模式红树林群落特征比较[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2025, 44(3): 58-65.

TIAN Mi, ZHONG Cairong, LYU Xiaobo, FANG Zanshan, HUANG Danmin. Comparison of mangrove community characteristics in different pond-to-mangrove models in Dongzhaigang[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2025, 44(3): 58-65.

图/表 4

图1

表1

表2

图2

参考文献 22

[1]	方精云, 王襄平, 沈泽昊, 等, 2009. 植物群落清查的主要内容、方法和技术规范[J]. 生物多样性, 17(6): 533-548.
	FANG JINGYUN, WANG XIANGPING, SHEN ZEHAO, et al, 2009. Methods and protocols for plant community inventory[J]. Biodiversity Science, 17(6): 533-548 (in Chinese with English abstract). doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.09253
[2]	黄良民, 林强, 谭烨辉, 等, 2024. 热带海洋特色生态系统恢复重构与保护思考[J]. 热带海洋学报, 43(6): 1-12.
	HUANG LIANGMIN, LIN QIANG, TAN YEHUI, et al, 2024. Thoughts on the restoration, reconstruction and protection of typical tropical marine ecosystems[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 43(6): 1-12 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[3]	黄晓敏, 卢昌义, 2019. 无瓣海桑人工混交林结构及幼苗天然更新能力[J]. 福建林业科技, 46(1): 1-5, 61.
	HUANG XIAOMIN, LU CHANGYI, 2019. The stand structure of artificial mixed forest of Sonneratia apetala and the ability of natural regeneration of Seedlings in Xiamen Bay, China[J]. Journal of Fujian Forestry Science and Technology, 46(1): 1-5, 61 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[4]	李元熙, 2020. 不同退塘还湿方式下红树林鱼类生物多样性差异及影响因素[D]. 厦门: 厦门大学.
	LI YUANXI, 2020. Differences and influencing factors of fish biodiversity under different ways of pond-to-mangrove reversion[D]. Xiamen: Xiamen University (in Chinese with English abstract).
[5]	廖宝文, 郑德璋, 郑松发, 等, 2000. 海南岛清澜港红树林群落演替系列的物种多样性特征[J]. 生态科学, 19(3): 17-22.
	LIAO BAOWEN, ZHENG DEZHANG, ZHENG SONGFA, et al, 2000. The characteristics of species diversity for the successional series of mangrove community in Qinglan Harbor of Hainan Island[J]. Ecologic Science, 19(3): 17-22 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[6]	廖宝文, 李玫, 郑松发, 等, 2003. 外来种无瓣海桑种内、种间竞争关系研究[J]. 林业科学研究, 16(4): 418-422.
	LIAO BAOWEN, LI MEI, ZHENG SONGFA, et al, 2003. Study on intraspecific and interspecific competition in exotic species Sonneratia apetala[J]. Forest Research, 16(4): 418-422 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[7]	罗文, 李艳朋, 许涵, 等, 2023. 海南热带雨林国家公园极小种群野生植物坡垒适生群落特征研究[J]. 林业资源管理, (4): 98-106.
	LUO WEN, LI YANPENG, XU HAN, et al, 2023. Characteristics of suitable communities of Hopea hainanensis, a wild plant with extremely small populations in national park of Hainan tropical rainforest[J]. Forest Resources Management, (4): 98-106 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[8]	吕晓波, 钟才荣, 张孟文, 等, 2023. 海南东寨港秋茄种群结构与数量动态变化特征研究[J]. 广东农业科学, 50(3): 39-48.
	LYU XIAOBO, ZHONG CAIRONG, ZHANG MENGWEN, et al, 2023. Dynamic change characteristics of population structure and quantity of Kandelia obovata in Dongzhai harnor of Hainan[J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 50(3): 39-48 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[9]	彭潔莹, 谢缘铭, 刘文帧, 等, 2021. 小陇山锐齿栎林木本植物物种丰富度与生产力关系研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 43(11): 11-19.
	PENG JIEYING, XIE YUANMING, LIU WENZHEN, et al, 2021. Relationship between tree species richness and productivity of Quercus aliena var. acutiserrata forest in Xiaolongshan Mountain, Gansu Province of northwestern China[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 43(11): 11-19 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[10]	生农, 辛琨, 廖宝文, 2021. 红树林湿地生态功能及其价值研究文献学分析[J]. 湿地科学与管理, 17(1): 47-50.
	SHENG NONG, XIN KUN, LIAO BAOWEN, 2021. Literature analysis concerning studies of ecological functions and values of mangrove wetland[J]. Wetland Science & Management, 17(1): 47-50 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[11]	田蜜, 钟才荣, 方赞山, 等, 2023. 基于多源遥感的东寨港不同模式退塘还林红树林演变分析[J]. 湿地科学与管理, 19(3): 4-8.
	TIAN MI, ZHONG CAIRONG, FANG ZANSHAN, et al, 2023. An analysis of the evolution of mangrove forests in Dongzhaigang with different models of reclaim of fishing ponds for forest based on multi-source remote sensing[J]. Wetland Science & Management, 19(3): 4-8 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[12]	王瑁, 王文卿, 林贵生, 2019. 三亚红树林[M]. 北京: 科学出版社 (in Chinese).
[13]	王仁恩, 陈玉军, 黄勃, 等, 2011. 无瓣海桑人工林下乡土树种自然更新的初步研究[J]. 热带生物学报, 2(4): 342-348.
	WANG RENEN, CHEN YUJUN, HUANG BO, et al, 2011. Natural regeneration of indigenous mangroves in Sonneratia apetala Buch. -Ham. plantations[J]. Journal of Tropical Organisms, 2(4): 342-348 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[14]	王文卿, 张林, 张雅棉, 等, 2021. 红树林退塘还林研究进展[J]. 厦门大学学报(自然科学版), 60(2): 348-354.
	WANG WENQING, ZHANG LIN, ZHANG YAMIAN, et al, 2021. Research progress of pond-to-mangrove restoration[J]. Journal of Xiamen University (Natural Science), 60(2): 348-354 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[15]	谢瑞红, 2007. 海南岛红树林资源与生态适宜性区划研究[D]. 儋州: 华南热带农业大学.
	XIE RUIHONG, 2007. Study on the mangroves resource and ecological suitability regionalization in Hainan Island, China[D]. Danzhou: South China University of Tropical Agriculture (in Chinese with English abstract).
[16]	熊燕梅, 吴晓东, 陈玉军, 等, 2023. 退塘还林中地形和植被恢复方式对红树林恢复效果影响[J]. 广东海洋大学学报, 43(4): 122-128.
	XIONG YANMEI, WU XIAODONG, CHEN YUJUN, et al, 2023. Effects of landform and vegetation restoration method on mangroves restoration in ponds[J]. Journal of Guangdong Ocean University, 43(4): 122-128 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[17]	杨德瑞, 2007. 内蒙古多伦县植被工程修复对植物多样性影响的研究[D]. 北京: 中国农业科学院.
	YANG DERUI, 2007. Study on the effect of vegetation restoration on the plants diversity in Duolun County of Inner Mongolia[D]. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (in Chinese with English abstract).
[18]	张晓君, 管伟, 廖宝文, 等, 2014. 珠海人工红树林与天然红树林群落特征比较研究[J]. 生态科学, 33(2): 321-326.
	ZHANG XIAOJUN, GUAN WEI, LIAO BAOWEN, et al, 2014. Comparison on the community characteristics between artificial and natural mangroves in Zhuhai City[J]. Ecological Science, 33(2): 321-326 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[19]	GUSMAWATI N, SOULARD B, SELMAOUI-FOLCHER N, et al, 2018. Surveying shrimp aquaculture pond activity using multitemporal VHSR satellite images-case study from the Perancak estuary, Bali, Indonesia[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 131: 49-60.
[20]	SAJJAD M, LI YANGFAN, TANG ZHENGHONG, et al, 2018. Assessing hazard vulnerability, habitat conservation, and restoration for the enhancement of mainland China's coastal resilience[J]. Earth’s Future, 6(3): 326-338.
[21]	XIONG YANMEI, JIANG ZHONGMAO, XIN KUN, et al, 2021. Factors influencing mangrove forest recruitment in rehabilitated aquaculture ponds[J]. Ecological Engineering, 168: 106272.
[22]	ZHANG YAMIAN, ZHANG LIN, KANG YIYANG, et al, 2022. Biotic homogenization increases with human intervention: implications for mangrove wetland restoration[J]. Ecography, 2022(4): e05835.

科名	种名	人工退塘还林模式区(A)	人工辅助退塘还林模式区(B)	自然修复模式区(C)	天然林对照区(D)
卤蕨科	卤蕨Acrostichum aureum	+		+
海桑科	无瓣海桑Sonneratia apetala	+	+	+	+
红树科	木榄 Bruguiera gymnorrhiza	+		+
红树科	海莲 Bruguiera sexangula	+	+	+	+
红树科	尖瓣海莲Brguiera sexangula var. rhynchopetala	+	+		+
红树科	角果木 Ceriops tagal	+			+
红树科	秋茄 Kandelia obovata		+	+	+
使君子科	榄李 Lumnitzera racemosa	+	+	+	+
紫金牛科	桐花树 Aegiceras corniculatum	+	+	+	+
马鞭草科	白骨壤 Avicennia marina			+
爵床科	老鼠簕 Acanthus ilicifolius	+	+	+
大戟科	海漆 Excoecaria agallocha	+	+	+	+
豆科	水黄皮Pongamia pinnata	+
锦葵科	黄槿 Hibiscus tilisceus	+
锦葵科	杨叶肖槿 Thespesia populnea	+
马鞭草科	苦郎树Clerodendrum inerme				+
合计		13	8	10	9

模式	树种	RA/%	RF/%	RP/%	Ⅳ/%
人工退塘还林模式区(A)	无瓣海桑	5.21	22.73	53.46	27.13
	桐花树	46.89	22.73	10.97	26.86
	海莲	25.85	18.18	17.11	20.38
	榄李	13.83	4.55	6.09	8.15
	木榄	2.61	13.64	1.52	5.92
	杨叶肖槿	3.41	4.55	9.76	5.90
	黄槿	1.80	4.55	0.76	2.37
	尖瓣海莲	0.20	4.55	0.31	1.68
	海漆	0.20	4.55	0.02	1.59
人工辅助退塘还林模式区(B)	桐花树	44.17	22.73	17.14	28.01
	无瓣海桑	4.60	18.18	52.22	25.00
	海莲	25.62	22.73	16.39	21.58
	秋茄	24.63	22.73	13.08	20.14
	海漆	0.33	4.55	0.98	1.95
	榄李	0.49	4.55	0.16	1.73
	尖瓣海莲	0.16	4.55	0.03	1.58
自然修复区(C)	桐花树	56.96	16.67	19.92	31.18
	无瓣海桑	6.84	20.83	64.61	30.76
	海莲	25.06	20.83	7.93	17.94
	秋茄	8.61	20.83	3.94	11.13
	木榄	0.51	8.33	0.25	3.03
	海漆	1.27	4.17	2.29	2.57
	榄李	0.51	4.17	0.60	1.76
	白骨壤	0.25	4.17	0.46	1.63
天然林对照区(D)	海莲	69.48	26.32	78.44	58.08
	桐花树	15.72	21.05	5.95	14.24
	角果木	10.93	10.53	3.65	8.37
	无瓣海桑	0.46	10.53	7.90	6.29
	秋茄	1.37	10.53	1.81	4.57
	榄李	1.59	10.53	1.36	4.49
	海漆	0.23	5.26	0.75	2.08
	尖瓣海莲	0.23	5.26	0.16	1.88

东寨港不同退塘还林模式红树林群落特征比较

Comparison of mangrove community characteristics in different pond-to-mangrove models in Dongzhaigang

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

赞

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 4

参考文献 22

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0

[1]	袁羽杰, 钟仕全, 蒋卫国, 初爱萍, 凌子燕. 基于环境减灾二号卫星的2023年铁山港红树林病虫害动态监测[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2025, 44(3): 188-196.
[2]	王友绍, 韩广轩, 盛彦清, 程皓, 龙爱民. 滨海湿地生态修复与环境优化研究进展、战略机遇与挑战[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2025, 44(3): 1-13.
[3]	刘思妮, 白猛, 朱义广, 罗小卫, 高程海, 刘永宏, 徐新亚, 蒋晓东. 红树林来源链霉菌中2-羟基苯基噻唑啉衍生物及其生物合成基因簇分析[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2025, 44(2): 64-72.
[4]	吴雪, 赵鑫, 辜伟芳, 朱科桦, 葛振鸣. 浙南海岸带人工秋茄(Kandelia obovata)红树林与互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)盐沼土壤碳汇对比研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2025, 44(1): 172-181.
[5]	黄良民, 林强, 谭烨辉, 黄小平, 周林滨, 黄晖. 热带海洋特色生态系统恢复重构与保护思考^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(6): 1-12.
[6]	吴鸿博, 罗锋, 陈治澎, 朱飞, 曾靖伟, 张弛, 李瑞杰. 红树林生态重建效果预测研究新模式[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(4): 86-97.
[7]	郑法, 黄福林, 陈泽恒, 丁伟品. 基于LUCC和景观格局变化的广西山口红树林湿地动态研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(4): 165-173.
[8]	周治刚, 岳文, 李辉权, 林阳阳. 树种类型和潮滩高程对广东湛江高桥红树林碳储量的影响[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(2): 108-120.
[9]	申键, 简焯锴, 欧阳雪敏, 艾彬. 结合潮位校正的雷州半岛红树林湿地动态变迁遥感监测[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(1): 137-153.
[10]	耿婉璐, 邢永泽, 张秋丰, 管卫兵. 广西北海红树林宜林滩涂大型底栖动物群落结构特征[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2024, 43(1): 107-115.
[11]	董俊德, 黄小芳, 龙爱民, 王友绍, 凌娟, 杨清松. 红树林固氮微生物及其生态功能研究进展[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2023, 42(4): 1-11.
[12]	梁寒峭, 陈文凤, 范益铠, 朱子冬, 马国需, 陈德力, 田婧. 红树林来源曲霉属和木霉属内生真菌次生代谢产物及活性研究进展[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2023, 42(4): 12-24.
[13]	张程飞, 任广波, 吴培强, 胡亚斌, 马毅, 阎宇, 张菁锐. 基于高分光学与全极化SAR的海南八门湾红树林种间分类方法[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2023, 42(2): 153-168.
[14]	周月月, 王友绍. 广东沿海红树林区水质变化特征与富营养状态评估[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2022, 41(6): 1-11.
[15]	吴伟志, 赵志霞, 杨升, 梁立成, 陈秋夏, 卢翔, 刘星, 张小伟. 浙江省红树林分布和造林成效分析[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2022, 41(6): 67-74.