海山俯冲过程中的变形特征——物理模拟和数值模拟证据

doi:10.11978/2015002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 文章通过物理模拟和数值模拟相结合的方法, 探讨了海山在俯冲过程中自身出现的变化特征。结果表明, 海山在增生楔体中俯冲时, 主要变化特征表现为其上覆的大洋沉积物的刮落, 唯有海山尾部的洋壳有小部分大洋沉积物得以保存; 当海山开始进入俯冲通道时, 海山逐渐由向陆壳之下硬挤入变为向地幔挠曲, 而向地幔的挠曲变形为海山进入俯冲提供了充足的空间并使俯冲洋壳的俯冲角度增加。俯冲挠曲过程有效降低了陆壳与海山之间的耦合度, 从而降低大震的发生概率。此外, 文章也对多手段研究俯冲带变形的尝试进行了探讨。

关键词: 海山俯冲, 变化特征, 挠曲, 耦合度

Abstract: Using sandbox experiment and numerical simulation, we discussed deformation of a subducting seamount. Our results showed that the deformation mainly concentrated at the overlain ocean sediment when a seamount subducted beneath the accretionary wedge. The sediment was scraped into wedge, while the part in the tailing of the seamount was well stored. After the seamount entered the subduction channel, the oceanic crust began to bend downward. The bending provided more space for seamount subduction and caused the subduction angle increased. Above described subduction process decreased the coupling between seamount and continental crust, leading to occurrences of megathrust earthquakes largely reduced. This study also represented an attempt to investigate deformation of a subduction zone by multi-methods.

Key words: seamount subduction, deformation, plate bending, coupling

李付成, 孙珍, 张江阳. 海山俯冲过程中的变形特征——物理模拟和数值模拟证据[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2016, 35(1): 31-37.

LI Fucheng, SUN Zhen, ZHANG Jiangyang. Deformation of seamount during subduction: Insights from sandbox experiment and numerical simulation[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2016, 35(1): 31-37.

参考文献

1 李春峰, 宋晓晓, 2014. 国际综合大洋发现计划IODP349航次[J]. 上海国土资源, 35(2): 43-48. LI CHUNFENG, SONG XIAOXIAO, 2014a. International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 349 [J]. Shanghai Land and Resources, 35(2): 43-48.
2 ANTRETTER M, RIISAGER P, HALL S, et al, 2004. Modelled palaeolatitudes for the Louisville hot spot and the Ontong Java Plateau[J]. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 229(1): 21-30.
3 BABA T, CUMMINS P R, HORI T, et al, 2006. High precision slip distribution of the 1944 Tonankai earthquake inferred from tsunami waveforms: Possible slip on a splay fault[J]. Tectonophysics, 426(1): 119-134.
4 BERGEN J A, 2004. Calcareous nannofossils from ODP Leg 192, Ontong Java Plateau[J]. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 229(1): 113-132.
5 BLOOMER S, 1982. Structure and evolution of the Mariana Trench, petrologic and geochemical studies [D]. San Diego: Univ. Calif.
6 BLOOMER S H, HAWKINS J W, 1983. Gabbroic and ultramafic rocks from the Mariana Trench: An island arc ophiolite[J]. American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph Series 27, 294-317.
7 CHAMBERS L M, PRINGLE M S, FITTON J G, 2002. Age and duration of magmatism on the Ontong Java Plateau: 40Ar- 39Ar results from ODP Leg 192[C]. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting, abstract, 1: 1271.
8 CHAZEY W J, NEAL C R, 2004. Large igneous province magma petrogenesis from source to surface: platinum-group element evidence from Ontong Java Plateau basalts recovered during ODP Legs 130 and 192[J]. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 229(1): 219-238.
9 CHESTER F M, MORI J, EGUCHI N, et al, 2013. Expedition 343/343T Summary[J]. Proc IODP, 343/343T: 1-28.
10 CHIN J, LEE K L, 1996. Geochemistry of Miocene basaltic rocks recovered by the Ocean Drilling Program from the Japan Sea[J]. Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences, 13(1): 29-38.
11 DESCHAMPS A, LALLEMAND S, 2002. The West Philippine Basin: An Eocene to early Oligocene back arc basin opened between two opposed subduction zones[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth (1978-2012), 107(B12): EPM 1-1-EPM 1-24.
12 DICKINSON W R, 1995. Forearc basins, in Tectonics of Sedimentary Basins[M]// BUSBY C J, INGERSOLL R V. Oxford: Blackwell Science: 221-261.
13 EXPEDITION 349 SCIENTISTS, 2014. South China Sea tectonics: opening of the South China Sea and its implications for southeast Asian tectonics, climates, and deep mantle processes since the late Mesozoic[R]. International Ocean Discovery Program Preliminary Report, 349: 1-111.
14 FITTON J G, MAHONEY J J, WALLACE P J, et al, 2001. Leg 192 synthesis: Origin and evolution of the Ontong Java Plateau[C] // FITTON J G, MAHONEY J J, WALLACE P J, et al, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results. 2004, 192: 1-18.
15 FITTON J G, GODARD M, 2004. Origin and evolution of magmas on the Ontong Java Plateau[J]. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 229(1): 151-178.
16 FRYER P, AMBOS E L, HUSSONG D M, 1985. Origin and emplacement of Mariana forearc seamounts[J]. Geology, 13(11): 774-777.
17 FUJII Y, SATAKE K, SAKAI S, et al, 2011. Tsunami source of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake[J]. Earth, Planets and Space, 63(7): 815-820.
18 FUJIWARA T, KODAIRA S, NO T, et al, 2011. The 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake: Displacement reaching the trench axis[J]. Science, 334(6060): 1240-1240.
19 HALL R, ALI J R, ANDERSON C D, et al, 1995. Origin and motion history of the Philippine Sea Plate[J]. Tectonophysics, 251(1): 229-250.
20 HALL R, 2002. Cenozoic geological and plate tectonic evolution of SE Asia and the SW Pacific: computer-based reconstructions, model and animations[J]. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 20(4): 353-431.
21 HILDE T W C, UYEDA S, KROENKE L, 1977. Evolution of the western Pacific and its margin[J]. Tectonophysics, 38(1): 145-165.
22 HUSSONG D M, UYEDA S. 1982. Tectonic Processes and the History of the Mariana Arc-a Synthesis of the Results of Deep-Sea Drilling Project Leg60[J]. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, 60: 909-929.
23 ICHINOSE G A, THIO H K, SOMERVILLE P G, et al, 2003. Rupture process of the 1944 Tonankai earthquake (Ms 8.1) from the inversion of teleseismic and regional seismograms[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth (1978-2012), 108(B10).
24 IDE S, BALTAY A, BEROZA G C, 2011. Shallow dynamic overshoot and energetic deep rupture in the 2011 Mw9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake[J]. Science, 332(6036): 1426-1429.
25 INGLE J C, 1992. Subsidence of the Japan Sea: stratigraphic evidence from ODP sites and onshore sections[C] // TAMAKI K, SUYEHIRO K, ALLAN J, et al, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 127: 1197-1218.
26 INGLE S, COFFIN M F, 2004. Impact origin for the greater Ontong Java Plateau?[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 218(1): 123-134.
27 ISEZAKI N, 1986. A magnetic anomaly map of the Japan Sea[J]. Journal of Geomagnetism and Geoelectricity, 38(5): 403-410.
28 ITO Y, OBARA K, 2006. Very low frequency earthquakes within accretionary prisms are very low stressdrop earthquakes[J]. Geophys Res Lett. 33(9): L09302.
29 ITO Y, TSUJI T, OSADA Y, et al, 2011. Frontal wedge deformation near the source region of the 2011 Tohoku‐Oki earthquake[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 38: 1-5.
30 JOHNSON L E, FRYER P, 1988. Oceanic plate material on the Mariana forearc[J]. Eos, 69: 1471.
31 JOLIVET L, TAMAKI K, 1992. Neogene kinematics in the Japan Sea region and volcanic activity of the northeast Japan arc[C] // TAMAKI K, SUYEHIRO K, ALLAN J, et al, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 127(128): 1311-1331.
32 KARIG D E, 1971. Origin and development of marginal basins in the western Pacific[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 76(11): 2542-2561.
33 KLEIN G D, 1975. Sedimentary tectonics in southwest Pacific marginal basins based on Leg 30 deep sea drilling project cores from the south Fiji, Hebrides, and Coral Sea Basins[J]. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 86(7): 1012-1018.
34 KROENKE L W, WESSEL P, STERLING A, 2004. Motion of the Ontong Java Plateau in the hot-spot frame of reference: 122 Ma-present[J]. Special publication-Geological society of London, 229: 9-20.
35 KUDRASS H R, MULLER P, KREUZER H, et al, 1990. Volcanic rocks tertiary carbonates dredged from the Cagayan Ridge and the Southwest Sulu Sea, Philippines[C]. RANGIN C, SILVER E A, et al, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Inital Reports, 124: College Station, 93-100.
36 LANGSETH M G, TAMAKI K, 1992. Geothermal measurements: thermal evolution of the Japan Sea basins and sediments[C] // TAMAKI K, SUYEHIRO K, ALLAN J, et al, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 127(128): 1297-1309.
37 LI CHUNFENG, ZHOU ZUYI, LI JIABIAO, et al, 2007. Structures of the northeasternmost South China Sea continental margin and ocean basin [J]. Marine Geophysical Researches, 28: 59-79.
38 LI CHUNFENG, XU XING, LIN JIAN, et al, 2014b. Ages and magnetic structures of the South China Sea constrained by deep tow magnetic surveys and IODP Expedition 349[J]. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 15(12): 4958-4983.
39 LI S, GELDMACHER J, HAUFF F, et al, 2014c. Composition and timing of carbonate vein precipitation within the igneous basement of the Early Cretaceous Shatsky Rise, NW Pacific[J]. Marine Geology, 357: 321-333.
40 MAHONEY J J, DUNCAN R A, TEJADA M L G, et al, 2005. Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary age and mid-ocean-ridge-type mantle source for Shatsky Rise[J]. Geology, 33(3): 185-188.
41 MATTEY D P, MARSH N G, TARNEY J. 1980. The geochemistry, mineralogy, and petrology of basalts from the West Philippine and Parece Vela basins and from the Palau-Kyushu and West Mariana ridges, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 59[R]. Initial Report Deep Sea Drilling Project, 59: 753-800.
42 NAKAMURA K, UYEDA S, 1980. Stress gradient in arc-back arc regions and plate subduction[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth (1978-2012), 85(B11): 6419-6428.
43 NISTERENKO G V, 1980. Petrochemistry and geochemistry of basalts in the Shikoku Basin and Daito Basin, Philippine Sea[R]. Initial Reports DSDP, 58: 791-804.
44 OHGUCHI T, YOSHIDA T, OKAMI K, 1989. Historical change of the Neogene and Quaternary volcanic field in the Northeast Honshu arc, Japan[J]. Mem Geol Soc Jpn, 32: 431-455.
45 PARK J O, TSURU T, KODAIRA S, et al, 2002. Splay fault branching along the Nankai subduction zone[J]. Science, 297(5584): 1157-1160.
46 PARKINSON I J, SCHAEFER B F, ARCULUS R J, 2001. A lower mantle origin for the world's biggest LIP? A high precision Os isotope isochron from Ontong Java Plateau basalts drilled on ODP Leg 192[C]. Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 66 (Suppl): A580.
47 PEARCE J A, VAN DER LAAN S R, ARCULUS R J, et al, 1992. Boninite and harzburgite from Leg 125 (Bonin-Mariana forearc): A case study of magma genesis during the initial stages of subduction[C] // FRYER P, PEARCE J A, STOKKING L B, et al, Proceedings of the ocean drilling program, scientific results, 125: 623-659.
48 SAGER W W, KIM J, KLAUS A, et al, 1999. Bathymetry of Shatsky Rise, northwest Pacific Ocean: Implications for ocean plateau development at a triple junction[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth (1978-2012), 104(B4): 7557-7576.
49 SAGER W W, 2005. What built Shatsky Rise, a mantle plume or ridge tectonics?[J]. Geological Society of America Special Papers, 388: 721-733.
50 SAGER W W, ZHANG J, KORENAGA J, et al, 2013. An immense shield volcano within the Shatsky Rise oceanic plateau, northwest Pacific Ocean[J]. Nature Geoscience, 976-981.
51 SATO M, ISHIKAWA T, UJIHARA N, et al, 2011. Displacement above the hypocenter of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake[J]. Science, 332(6036): 1395-1395.
52 SATOH, AMANO K, 1991. Relationship between tectonics, volcanism, sedimentation and basin development, Late Cenozoic, central part of Northern Honshu, Japan[J]. Sedimentary geology, 74(1): 323-343.
53 SERRI G, SPADEA P, BECCALUVA L, et al, 1991. Petrology of igneous rocks from the Celebes Sea basement[C] // SILVER E A, RANGIN C, VON BREYMANN M T, et al, Proceedings of Ocean Drilling Program Science Results, 124: 271-296.
54 SHIH T C, 1980. Marine magnetic anomalies from the western Philippine Sea: implications for the evolution of marginal basins[J]. The Tectonic and Geologic Evolution of Southeast Asian Seas and Islands: 49-75.
55 SIKORA P J, BERGEN J A, 2004. Lower Cretaceous planktonic foraminiferal and nannofossil biostratigraphy of Ontong Java Plateau sites from DSDP Leg 30 and ODP Leg 192[J]. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 229(1): 83-111.
56 SMITH T E, HUANG C H, SAJONA F G, 1991a. Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Basalts from holes767c, 770b, and 770c, Celebes Sea[C]. Proceedings of Ocean Drilling Program Science Results, 124: 297-310.
57 SMITH T E, HUANG C H, SAJONA F G, 1991b. Geochemistry and petrogenesis of the volcanic rocks from holes 768 and 769, Sulu Sea[C]. Proceedings of Ocean Drilling Program Science Results, 124: 297-310.
58 SPADEA P, BECCALUVA L, CIVETTA L, et al, 1991. Petrology of basic igneous rocks from the floor of the Sulu Sea[C]. Proceedings of Ocean Drilling Program Science Results, 124: 65-251.
59 STERN R, SMOOT N C, 1998. A bathymetric overview of the Mariana forearc[J]. Island Arc, 7(3): 525-540.
60 STERN R J, 2002. Subductionzones[J]. Reviews of Geophysics, 40(4): 3-1-3-38.
61 STERN R J, FOUCH M J, KLEMPERER S, 2004. An overview of the Izu-Bonin-Mariana subduction factory[J]. Inside the Subduction Factory, 138: 175-223.
62 SUGI N, CHINZEI K, UYEDA S, 1983. Vertical crustal movements of northeast Japan since Middle Miocene[J]. Geodynamics of the Western Pacific-Indonesian Region, 11: 317-329.
63 TAMAKI K, SUYEHIRO K, ALLAN J, 1992. Tectonic synthesis and implications of Japan Sea ODP drilling[C] // TAMAKI K, SUYEHIRO K, ALLAN J, et al, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results,127(128): 1333-1348.
64 TAYLOR B, 1992. Rifting and the volcanic-tectonic evolution of the Izu-Bonin-Mariana arc[C] // TAYLOR B, FUJIOKA K, et al, Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 126: 627-651.
65 TEJADA M L G, MAHONEY J J, CASTILLO P R, et al, 2004. Pin-pricking the elephant: Evidence on the origin of the Ontong Java Plateau from Pb-Sr-Hf-Nd isotopic characteristics of ODP Leg 192 basalts[J]. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 229(1): 133-150.
66 THORDARSON T, 2004. Accretionary-lapilli-bearing pyroclastic rocks at ODP Leg 192 Site 1184: A record of subaerial phreatomagmatic eruptions on the Ontong Java Plateau[J]. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 229(1): 275-306.
67 UYEDA S, KANAMORI H, 1979. Back-Arc opening and the mode of subduction[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth (1978-2012), 84(B3): 1049-1061.
68 UYEDA S, 1982. Subduction zones: An introduction to comparative subductology[J]. Tectonophys, 81(3): 133-159.
69 WANG P, PRELL W L, BLUM P, et al, 2000. Proceeding of the Ocean Drilling Program, Initial Reports, 184[C]. College Station, Texas: Ocean Drilling Program: 1-102.
70 WESSEL J K, FRYER P, WESSEL P, et al, 1994. Extension in the northern Mariana inner forearc[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth (1978-2012), 99(B8): 15181-15203.

[1]	陈琼, 唐世林, 吴颉. 基于GF-4卫星反演的珠江口水体表层悬浮泥沙时空变化特征*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2022, 41(2): 65-76.
[2]	缪予晴, 徐海明, 刘佳伟. 西北太平洋夏季海洋热浪的变化特征及海气关系[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2021, 40(1): 31-43.
[3]	王天宇, 杜岩, 夏一凡. 基于拉格朗日方法的南海自动剖面浮标轨迹模拟系统^*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2018, 37(4): 9-9.
[4]	冯兴如, 李近元, 尹宝树, 杨德周, 陈海英, 高冠东. 海南东方近岸海域海浪观测特征研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2018, 37(3): 1-8.
[5]	郑兆勇,周雄,江四义,蔺明霞,游大伟,吕柏明. 近50年华南沿海SST热事件变化的时空特征[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2010, 29(4): 14-19.