广西北部湾可培养黏细菌资源初探及其抗菌活性研究
卢天梅(1994—), 女, 广西壮族自治区桂平市人, 硕士研究生, 从事海洋药用微生物资源挖掘与利用研究。email: |
Copy editor: 林强
收稿日期: 2022-06-23
修回日期: 2022-08-24
网络出版日期: 2022-09-01
基金资助
广西中医药大学海洋药物研究院团队科研专项经费(2018ZD005-A08)
国家自然科学基金(32060098)
广西八桂学者专项经费(05019055)
广西中医药大学研究生教育创新计划项目(YCSZ2022024)
大学生创新项目(S202110600122)
广西科技计划项目(桂科AB19259010)
Preliminary study on the culturable myxobacteria resources from the Beibu Gulf, Guangxi and their antibacterial activity
Copy editor: LIN Qiang
Received date: 2022-06-23
Revised date: 2022-08-24
Online published: 2022-09-01
Supported by
Scientific Research Foundation of Institute of Marine Drugs, GUCM(2018ZD005-A08)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32060098)
Special Fund for Bagui Scholars to Yonghong Liu(05019055)
Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education of GXUCM(YCSZ2022024)
University Student Innovation Project(S202110600122)
Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(AB19259010)
采用大肠杆菌诱导法和滤纸诱导法对广西北部湾不同海洋生境采集的样品进行黏细菌的分离纯化, 基于菌落形态特征结合16S rRNA基因序列分析对黏细菌纯培养物进行初步鉴定。从21份海洋生境样品中共分离纯化得到38株黏细菌, 隶属于4属10种, 其中黏球菌属和珊瑚球菌属分别占菌株总数的63.16%和26.32%, 属于优势菌属。采用VY/2培养基进行固体培养发酵, 利用丙酮提取浓缩获得提取物, 进一步利用滤纸片琼脂扩散法对菌株粗提物进行抗菌活性初步筛选。结果发现24株黏细菌提取物对9种指示菌具有不同程度的抑制作用, 抗菌阳性率达63.16%, 其中Myxococcus macrosporus (1H01)的提取物对肺炎克雷伯菌的抑制活性显著, 优于阳性药(氨苄青霉素钠, 1mg·mL-1)。研究结果表明广西北部湾特殊海洋生境黏细菌多样性丰富, 分离出的黏细菌具有良好的抗菌活性, 为新型抗生素应用研究奠定了物质基础。
卢天梅 , 官佳松 , 覃诗敬 , 刘永宏 , 苏志维 . 广西北部湾可培养黏细菌资源初探及其抗菌活性研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2023 , 42(3) : 158 -168 . DOI: 10.11978/2022142
The objective of this study is to isolate myxobacteria from different types of marine biotopes in the Guangxi Beibu Gulf, on the base of living-Escherichia coli and filter paper methods. 38 strains were isolated from 21 samples, and were preliminary identified based on colony morphological characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The purified strains belong to 4 genera and 10 species, in which Myxococcus and Corallococcus were dominant genera, accounting for 63.16% and 26.32% of the total strains, respectively. Then the purified strains were subjected to the small-scale fermentations through the VY/2 medium, and the extracts were obtained by the extraction and concentration of acetone. The crude extracts were further screened for antimicrobial activity by filter paper agar diffusion. The results showed that the metabolites of 24 myxobacterial strains had different degrees of inhibition on 9 indicator bacteria, and the positive rate was 63.16%. Among them, the metabolites of Myxococcus macrosporus (1H01) showed significant inhibitory activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, which was superior to the positive drugs (ampicillin sodium, 1 mg·mL-1). The results explain that the diversity of myxobateria is rich in different types marine sediment from the Guangxi Beibu Gulf, and the isolated myxobacteria has a prominent antibacterial activity, laying a foundation for the application of new antibiotics.
表1 样品信息表Tab. 1 Details of samples |
样品编号 | 样品名称 | 采样区域 | 经纬度 |
---|---|---|---|
1H | 木榄根际沉积物 | 珍珠湾 | 108°13′55″E, 21°36′27″N |
2H | 木榄腐木 | 珍珠湾 | 108°13′55″E, 21°36′27″N |
3H | 木榄胚轴 | 珍珠湾 | 108°13′55″E, 21°36′27″N |
4H | 木榄树皮 | 珍珠湾 | 108°13′55″E, 21°36′27″N |
5H | 木榄根际沉积物 | 珍珠湾 | 108°13′55″E, 21°36′27″N |
6H | 白骨壤根际沉积物 | 珍珠湾 | 108°13′55″E, 21°36′27″N |
1D | 海蚀坑沉积物 | 涠洲岛 | 109°05′52″E, 21°00′04″N |
2D | 滩岩老鼠簕根际沉积物 | 涠洲岛 | 109°05′58″E, 21°00′42″N |
3D | 礁石地衣 | 涠洲岛 | 109°05′56″E, 21°00′39″N |
4D | 滩岩仙人掌根际沉积物 | 涠洲岛 | 109°05′55″E, 21°00′15″N |
1Y | 盐田淤泥 | 银海区 | 109°16′39″E, 21°26′35″N |
2Y | 盐田淤泥 | 银海区 | 109°16′22″E, 21°26′35″N |
3Y | 盐田淤泥 | 银海区 | 109°16′23″E, 21°26′35″N |
1C | 海草床沉积物 | 山心村 | 108°12′06″E, 21°34′14″N |
2C | 互花米草根际沉积物 | 山心村 | 108°11′10″E, 21°35′11″N |
3C | 互花米草根际沉积物 | 山心村 | 108°10′57″E, 21°34′33″N |
4C | 贝壳喜盐草根际沉积物 | 山心村 | 108°11′29″E, 21°34′59″N |
5C | 贝壳喜盐草根际沉积物 | 山心村 | 108°11′21″E, 21°34′53″N |
6C | 贝壳喜盐草根际沉积物 | 山心村 | 108°11′20″E, 21°34′51″N |
7C | 贝壳喜盐草根际沉积物 | 山心村 | 108°11′36″E, 21°34′58″N |
8C | 贝壳喜盐草根际沉积物 | 山心村 | 108°11′24″E, 21°34′51″N |
表2 黏细菌形态特征的初步鉴定Tab. 2 Preliminary identification of myxobacteria according to morphological characteristics |
菌属 | 菌株数 | 子实体形态 | 菌落形态 |
---|---|---|---|
Myxococcus | 24 | 球状、卵球状, 单生, 多为橙色、白色或红粉色, 表面光滑柔软 | 圆形, 菌膜薄且呈同心圆扩展 |
Corallococcus | 10 | 波浪状、肠状或珊瑚状, 单生或簇生, 多为淡黄色、粉色或乳白色, 表面不光滑、较硬 | 圆形, 菌膜薄且呈波浪纹扩展 |
Archangium | 3 | 颗粒状, 簇生, 多为橘红色或棕色, 表面不光滑、较黏稠难挑 | 圆形, 菌膜薄、黏稠且呈放射状扩展 |
Melittangium | 1 | 球状或扁平, 似蘑菇的菌伞, 分支生长, 黄褐色,表面不光滑 | 圆形, 菌膜薄、黏稠且呈放射状扩展 |
图1 部分样品中诱导出的子实体Fig. 1 The fruiting body of some myxobacteria strains from samples. (a) Corallococcus aberystwythensis; (b) Corallococcus interemptor; (c) Corallococcus exiguus; (d) Corallococcus exercitus; (e) Melittangium boletus; (f) Archangium gephyra; (g) Myxococcus macrosporus; (h) Myxococcus fulvus; (i) Myxococcus virescens; (j) Myxococcus stipitatus a. Corallococcus aberystwythensis; b. Corallococcus interemptor; c. Corallococcus exiguus; d. Corallococcus exercitus; e. Melittangium boletus; f. Archangium gephyra; g. Myxococcus macrosporus; h. Myxococcus fulvus; i. Myxococcus virescens; j. Myxococcus stipitatus |
图 2 基于N-J法对10种黏细菌的16S rRNA 基因序列构建的系统发育树标尺0.05为进化距离, 分支上的数值为重复1000次所得自展值, 括号内为菌株登录号 Fig. 2 Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic tree of 10 species of myxobacteria based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences |
表3 菌株的相关信息及耐盐能力Tab. 3 Relevant information and salt-tolerance abilities of strains |
种名 | 菌株编号 | 相似度/% | 耐盐能力/% |
---|---|---|---|
Corallococcus aberystwythensis | 3C01 | 99.61 | 1 |
Corallococcus exercitus | 3D01 | 98.97 | 1 |
Corallococcus exiguus | 6C01 | 98.85 | 1 |
Melittangium boletus | 2D03 | 99.49 | <1 |
Archangium gephyra | 2D01 | 100.00 | 1 |
1Y01 | 99.74 | 2 | |
4D01 | 99.15 | 1 | |
Corallococcus interemptor | 1C01 | 100.00 | 1 |
1D01 | 100.00 | 1 | |
2D02 | 100.00 | 1 | |
6C02 | 99.87 | 1 | |
8C01 | 99.87 | 1.5 | |
1C02 | 99.74 | 1 | |
4H01 | 99.35 | 1 | |
Myxococcus fulvus | 2C01 | 99.87 | 1 |
1H02 | 99.74 | <1 | |
5C01 | 99.36 | 1 | |
6H01 | 99.36 | 1 | |
1C04 | 98.85 | 1 | |
1D02 | 98.59 | 1 | |
Myxococcus macrosporus | 2Y01 | 100.00 | 1.5 |
5H01 | 99.87 | 1.5 | |
1H01 | 99.74 | 1 | |
4H02 | 99.36 | <1 | |
3Y01 | 99.10 | 2 | |
3H01 | 98.97 | 2 | |
1C03 | 98.87 | 1 | |
Myxococcus stipitatus | 4C01 | 99.87 | 1 |
7C01 | 99.74 | <1 | |
1C06 | 99.74 | <1 | |
3D02 | 99.62 | 1 | |
1H03 | 99.50 | 1 | |
5H02 | 99.49 | 1 | |
1C05 | 99.49 | 1 | |
Myxococcus virescens | 8C02 | 99.49 | 2 |
1Y02 | 99.36 | 2 | |
2H01 | 99.36 | 2 | |
1C07 | 99.10 | 1.5 |
表4 不同类型海洋生境中黏细菌分布情况Tab. 4 The distribution of myxobacteria in different types of marine biotopes |
采样生境 | 样品份数 | 菌种数 | 黏细菌菌株数 | 总计 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
黏球菌属Myxococcus | 珊瑚球菌属Corallococcus | 原囊菌属Archangium | 蜂窝囊菌属Melittangium | ||||
红树林 | 6 | 5 | 9 | 1 | - | - | 10 |
海草床 | 8 | 7 | 10 | 6 | - | - | 16 |
海岛 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 8 |
盐田 | 3 | 3 | 3 | - | 1 | - | 4 |
总计 | 21 | - | 24 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 38 |
表5 黏细菌发酵提取物的抑菌活性Tab. 5 Antibacterial activity of extracts from fermentation of myxobacteria |
菌种 | 编号 | 抑菌圈直径/mm | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G+ | G- | |||||||||
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | ||
C. aberystwythensis | 3C01 | - | - | - | - | 12.03±0.32 | 12.58±0.44 | - | - | - |
C. exiguus | 6C01 | - | - | - | - | - | 9.28±0.14 | - | - | - |
A. gephyra | 1Y01 | - | - | - | - | 12.07±0.04 | - | - | - | - |
C. interemptor | 1C01 | - | - | - | - | 11.95±0.01 | - | - | - | - |
1D01 | - | - | - | - | 13.43±0.40 | 8.64±0.09 | 12.25±0.29 | - | - | |
2D02 | - | - | 9.53±0.25 | - | 11.83±0.25 | 11.10±0.16 | - | - | - | |
6C02 | - | - | - | - | - | 9.97±0.05 | - | - | - | |
1C02 | - | - | - | 10.57±0.05 | 15.97±0.06 | - | - | - | - | |
M. fulvus | 2C01 | - | - | - | 10.33±0.32 | 14.93±0.11 | 11.54±0.44 | - | - | - |
5C01 | - | 7.67±0.42 | - | - | - | 12.79±0.18 | - | - | - | |
1C04 | 10.82±0.04 | 7.34±0.02 | 12.03±0.65 | 12.23±0.24 | 15.79±0.05 | 14.05±0.20 | 10.91±0.17 | 11.14±0.07 | 13.78±0.06 | |
1D02 | - | - | 8.40±0.30 | - | - | 13.76±0.08 | - | - | - | |
M. macrosporus | 1H01 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 18.16±0.24 | - | 9.65±0.03 |
4H02 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 10.39±0.51 | |
1C03 | - | - | - | - | 14.19±0.05 | - | - | - | - | |
M. stipitatus | 7C01 | - | - | - | 14.77±0.15 | - | 9.89±0.62 | - | - | - |
1C06 | 9.76±0.47 | 9.14±0.03 | - | 13.70±0.02 | 12.24±0.04 | 10.22±0.05 | 9.75±0.08 | 8.01±0.04 | - | |
3D02 | 14.33±0.14 | 13.87±0.12 | 11.90±0.10 | 14.57±0.60 | 19.74±0.29 | 16.61±0.04 | 13.74±0.08 | 8.43±0.08 | - | |
1H03 | 11.22±0.05 | 12.15±0.18 | 11.86±0.09 | 10.75±0.02 | 17.36±0.07 | 8.65±0.06 | 12.94±0.09 | - | - | |
1C05 | 12.90±0.36 | - | - | - | - | 15.99±0.27 | 12.38±0.22 | - | - | |
M. virescens | 8C02 | - | - | - | - | - | 14.00±0.26 | - | - | - |
1Y02 | 13.90±0.36 | 8.72±0.08 | 10.50±0.30 | 13.10±0.44 | 11.31±0.27 | 15.66±0.47 | - | - | - | |
2H01 | 10.03±0.09 | 7.54±0.13 | 10.15±0.13 | 11.59±0.03 | 12.25±0.03 | 10.09±0.12 | - | - | - | |
1C07 | - | - | - | - | 15.59±0.03 | - | - | - | - | |
氨苄青霉素钠 | - | 19.46±0.30 | 10.40±0.15 | 14.33±0.38 | 20.17±0.23 | 22.10±0.19 | 17.11±0.56 | 17.02±0.03 | 15.72±0.02 | 18.39±0.12 |
空白对照 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
注: A: B. subtilis; B: MRSA; C: S. epidermidis; D: S. aureus; E: M. luteus; F: A. viscosus; G: K. pneumoniae; H: A. baumannii; I: P. aeruginosa |
[1] |
韩敏敏, 李蜜, 刘昕明, 等, 2020. Khai岛和Pathiu岛珊瑚礁沉积物细菌多样性及细菌粗提物延缓秀丽隐杆线虫衰老活性研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 39(5): 19-29.
|
[2] |
蒋莲秀, 吴越, 陈建宏, 等, 2017. 具有广谱抗菌活性的红树林稀有放线菌的分离及鉴定[J]. 中国抗生素杂志, 42(4): 311-317.
|
[3] |
鞠建华, 杨镇业, 李青连, 等, 2021. 微生物药物研究开发现状与思考[J]. 山东大学学报, 59(9): 43-50+63.
|
[4] |
李艳群, 陈柔雯, 林宗豪, 等, 2021. 一株群体感应抑制活性海洋放线菌的筛选与鉴定[J]. 热带海洋学报, 40(1): 75-81.
|
[5] |
骆宁宁, 2015. 粘球菌通过mts基因簇调控社会性细胞行为以适应海水生境的分子机制[D]. 济南: 山东大学: 1-123.
|
[6] |
马丽丽, 田新朋, 李桂菊, 等, 2021. 海洋微生物来源天然产物研究现状与态势[J]. 热带海洋学报, 40(5): 134-146.
|
[7] |
邱智军, 李越中, 张勇, 等, 2003. 海水盐离子对耐盐粘球菌生长和发育的影响[J]. 微生物学杂志, (3): 8-11.
|
[8] |
沙国萌, 陈冠军, 陈彤, 等, 2020. 抗生素耐药性的研究进展与控制策略[J]. 微生物学通报, 47(10): 3369-3379.
|
[9] |
宋腾飞, 2019. 海洋青霉菌(Penicillium sp. ZZ380)的代谢产物及其生物活性的研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学: 1-116.
|
[10] |
王春玲, 冯广达, 姚青, 等, 2019. 粘细菌基因组学研究进展[J]. 微生物学通报, 46(9): 2394-2403.
|
[11] |
王春玲, 吕颖颖, 姚青, 等, 2021. 粘细菌资源挖掘与多相分类研究进展[J]. 微生物学通报, 48(8): 2870-2880.
|
[12] |
王聪, 王坤, 姜明国, 等, 2019. 广西北部湾放线菌的分离筛选及活性产物的鉴定[J]. 天然产物研究与开发, 31(7): 1170-1176.
|
[13] |
王婷, 2018. 新型生防粘细菌Myxococcus sp. BS的分离及粘细菌对细菌性软腐病菌的捕食机理研究[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学: 1-85.
|
[14] |
王雪寒, 2019. 内蒙古东部地区的可培养粘细菌及其抗菌活性的初步检测[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学: 1-79.
|
[15] |
吴姝鸽, 2021. 湖泊沉积物微生物的多样性、分离培养及四株新菌的分类鉴定[D]. 济南: 山东大学: 1-105.
|
[16] |
杨少娟, 陈雪梅, 沈锐, 等, 2021. 广西北部湾局部海域海洋沉积物细菌多样性及生物活性评估[J]. 广西科学, 28(5): 460-472.
|
[17] |
蚁烁星, 周杨, 张鲜姣, 等, 2020. 不同分离方法对子实体形成和粘细菌分离的影响[J]. 微生物学报, 61(4): 923-934.
|
[18] |
周秀文, 2013. 土壤中粘细菌群落的调查及领地性行为的分子机制的研究[D]. 济南: 山东大学: 1-183.
|
[19] |
|
[20] |
|
[21] |
|
[22] |
|
[23] |
|
[24] |
|
[25] |
|
[26] |
|
[27] |
|
[28] |
|
[29] |
|
[30] |
|
[31] |
|
[32] |
|
[33] |
|
[34] |
|
[35] |
|
[36] |
|
[37] |
|
[38] |
|
[39] |
|
[40] |
|
[41] |
|
[42] |
|
/
〈 |
|
〉 |