长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)环GMP-AMP合酶(cyclic GMP-AMP synthase, cGAS)的基因克隆与功能研究
白晶(1998—), 女, 黑龙江省牡丹江市人, 硕士, 从事贝类免疫研究。email: baijing4729@163.com |
Copy editor: 孙翠慈
收稿日期: 2024-03-22
修回日期: 2024-04-10
网络出版日期: 2024-05-21
基金资助
国家重点研发项目(2022YFD2400301)
国家自然科学基金(32073002)
国家自然科学基金(U22A20533)
第九届青托工程项目(2023QNRC001)
广州市科技计划项目(2023A04J0096)
广州市科技计划项目(2024A04J6278)
Molecular cloning and functional study of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase from Crassostrea gigas
Copy editor: SUN Cuici
Received date: 2024-03-22
Revised date: 2024-04-10
Online published: 2024-05-21
Supported by
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD2400301)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32073002)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20533)
9th Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program(2023QNRC001)
Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, China(2023A04J0096)
Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, China(2024A04J6278)
环GMP-AMP合酶(cyclic GMP-AMP synthase, cGAS)是一种关键的细胞内传感器, 能够识别细胞质内异常存在的DNA并触发免疫反应。为了揭示cGAS在软体动物先天性免疫调控中的重要作用, 本研究成功克隆了长牡蛎中的cGAS基因(CgcGAS), 其开放阅读框(open reading frame, ORF)全长1623bp, 编码540个氨基酸, 理论相对分子质量为62.3kDa, 并具有保守的Mab21结构域。系统进化分析表明了CgcGAS为软体动物cGAS家族中的一员。定量逆转录聚合酶链式反应(qRT-PCR)结果显示CgcGAS广泛表达于各组织, 并在消化腺的相对表达量最高。亚细胞定位实验观察到CgcGAS蛋白在细胞核和细胞质中都有分布, 主要定位于细胞核, 提示其可能在细胞核内的DNA感应以及细胞质内的DNA结合和信号传递中发挥作用。另外, 双荧光素酶报告基因系统和RNA干扰实验结果显示, CgcGAS能够显著激活核因子κB(nuclear factor kappa-B, NF-κB)和干扰素刺激性反应元件(interferon-sensitive response element, ISRE)信号通路, 及其下游的炎症相关因子干扰素诱导病毒抑制蛋白(virus inhibitory protein endoplasmic reticulum-associated interferon-inducible, viperin)、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor, TNF)、白细胞介素-17 (interleukin-17, IL-17)及转录因子干扰素调节因子2/8 (interferon regulatory factor 2/8, IRF2/8)的表达。综上所述, CgcGAS在长牡蛎的先天性免疫反应中的信号传递过程中发挥了关键作用。
关键词: 长牡蛎; 先天性免疫; 环GMP-AMP合酶; 基因克隆; 功能
白晶 , 毛帆 , 刘客林 , 宋菁晨 , 喻子牛 , 张扬 . 长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas)环GMP-AMP合酶(cyclic GMP-AMP synthase, cGAS)的基因克隆与功能研究[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2025 , 44(1) : 24 -34 . DOI: 10.11978/2024067
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a critical intracellular sensor that can recognize abnormally located DNA in the cytoplasm and trigger immune responses. To elucidate the critical role of cGAS in the regulation of innate immunity in mollusks, we successfully cloned and analyzed Crassostrea gigas cGAS (CgcGAS). The open reading frame (ORF) of CgcGAS was 1623bp and encoded 540 amino acids with a theoretical molecular weight of 62.3 kDa and a conserved Mab21 domain. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that CgcGAS was a member of the molluscan cGAS family. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) results revealed widespread expression of CgcGAS in various tissues, with the highest relative expression in the digestive glands. Subsequently, subcellular localization experiments showed that CgcGAS was observed in both the nucleus and cytoplasm, with a predominant nuclear localization, suggesting that CgcGAS may have played a role in DNA sensing in the nucleus and DNA binding and signaling in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, dual-luciferase reporter gene assays and RNA interference experiments revealed that CgcGAS could activate the NF-κB and ISRE signaling pathways, as well as the expression of downstream inflammation-related factors, such as virus inhibitory protein endoplasmic reticulum-associated interferon-inducible (viperin), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-17 (IL-17), and the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 2/8 (IRF2/8). In conclusion, CgcGAS played a critical role in the signal transduction process of innate immune responses in Crassostrea gigas.
Key words: Crassostrea gigas; innate immunity; cyclic GMP-AMP synthase; gene cloning; function
表1 引物信息Tab. 1 Sequences of designed primers used in this study |
引物名称 | 序列(5′-3′) | 用途 |
---|---|---|
cGAS-F1 | ATGGTAATCAAATGTCCTAATTGTG | ORF克隆 |
cGAS-R1 | TTATTGTAAGAGACCCTCTAGTTCC | ORF克隆 |
pEGFP-N1-cGAS-F | TCAGATCTCGAGCTCAAGCTTGCCACCATGGTAATCAAATGTCC | pEGFP-N1-cGAS重组质粒 |
pEGFP-N1-cGAS-R | ATGGTGGCGACCGGTGGATCCGATTGTAAGAGACCCTCTAGTTCCCT | pEGFP-N1-cGAS重组质粒 |
PCDNA3.1/V5-His-cGAS-F | GCACAGTGGCGGCCGCTCGAGATGGTAATCAAATGTCCTAATTGTGAC | pcDNA3.1/V5-His-cGAS重组质粒 |
PCDNA3.1/V5-His-cGAS-R | AGGCTTACCTTCGAAGGGCCCTTGTAAGAGACCCTCTAGTTCCCTG | pcDNA3.1/V5-His-cGAS重组质粒 |
dscGAS-F | CGACAAAACAAAGATCGACTACAAC | cGAS-RNAi |
dscGAS-R | CAGTCTGGATTTCTCTTGCATCCTT | cGAS-RNAi |
dscGAS-F-T7 | TAATACGACTCACTATAGGCGACAAAACAAAGATCGACTACAAC | cGAS-RNAi |
dscGAS-R-T7 | TAATACGACTCACTATAGGCAGTCTGGATTTCTCTTGCATCCTT | cGAS-RNAi |
dsGFP-F | GCAAGGGCGAGGAGCTGTTCACCGG | GFP-RNAi |
dsGFP-R | TTGCCGTCCTCCTTGAAGTCGATGC | GFP-RNAi |
dsGFP-F-T7 | TAATACGACTCACTATAGGGCAAGGGCGAGGAGCTGTTCACCGG | GFP-RNAi |
dsGFP-R-T7 | TAATACGACTCACTATAGGTTGCCGTCCTCCTTGAAGTCGATGC | GFP-RNAi |
cGAS-F2 | GGAAAGACGACAGGGACGG | qRT-PCR |
cGAS-R2 | TGTCTGGAGAACCCCTTTGG | qRT-PCR |
viperin-F | CTGAAACCCATCAGTGTCAACTACC | qRT-PCR |
viperin-R | GACAATGAAGGGCTCGCCAC | qRT-PCR |
IRF2-F | ACTTCCGCTGTGCCCTGAAT | qRT-PCR |
IRF2-R | TATGACCTTTGGCACTGTCGTTC | qRT-PCR |
IL-17-F | AAACATGCTGGAATACCTCGAGT | qRT-PCR |
IL-17-R | GTGGGACGCTACGAGGAAATA | qRT-PCR |
TNF-F | GTATTACTGAGGAATGGCGTGAAAC | qRT-PCR |
TNF-R | CAAAATCCCTGTCACTACAACCG | qRT-PCR |
IRF8-F | GGACAGCGGTCAGACACGAC | qRT-PCR |
IRF8-R | CCTTGAATATTGTGGAGTCTGCCT | qRT-PCR |
β-actin-F | GGATTGGCGTGGTGGTAGAG | qRT-PCR |
β-actin-R | GTATGATGCCCCTTTGTTGAGTC | qRT-PCR |
注: “F”表示上游引物, “R”表示下游引物 |
表2 双荧光素报告基因质粒转染体系Tab. 2 Plasmids transfection in dual luciferase reporter assay |
组别 | pNF-κB-luc/ISRE-luc/ng | 目的质粒/ng | 对照空质粒/ng | 内参质粒RT-TK/ng |
---|---|---|---|---|
对照组 | 200 | 0 | 400 | 20 |
实验组1 | 200 | 100 | 300 | 20 |
实验组2 | 200 | 200 | 200 | 20 |
实验组3 | 200 | 400 | 0 | 20 |
图1 长牡蛎cGAS开放阅读框序列全长和推导的氨基酸序列锌指结构域用蓝色方框标出, Mab21结构域用紫色方框标出; *表示蛋白翻译终止, 起始密码子ATG和终止密码子TAA为红色字体 Fig. 1 Full length of the Crassostrea gigas cGAS open reading frame sequence and deduced amino acid sequence. The zinc finger structure is marked with a blue box and the Mab21 structural domain is marked with a purple box. * indicates protein translation termination, with initiation codon ATG and termination codon TAA in red font |
图2 cGAS在不同物种中的结构图解人(Homo sapiens)、小鼠(Mus musculus)、斑马鱼(Danio rerio)、深海偏顶蛤(Bathymodiolus platifron)、香港牡蛎(Crassostrea hongkongensis)和长牡蛎(Crassostrea gigas) Fig. 2 Schematic of cGAS structures in different species |
图3 长牡蛎与其他物种cGAS氨基酸序列比对图中NTase活性位点残基以红点标记, 锌带结构域以方框标出, “---” 表示氨基酸缺失; “*” “:” 和“.”分别表示相同的、高度保守的和不太保守的氨基酸残基 Fig. 3 Multiple alignment of cGAS amino acid sequences between Crassostrea gigas and other species. NTase catalytical sites are marked with red dots, and the zinc-ribbon domain is indicated by a box, with “---” representing an amino acid deletion. “*”, “:” and “.” present identical, highly conserved, and less conserved amino acid residues, respectively |
图6 长牡蛎cGAS的亚细胞定位左侧为pEGFP与cGAS荧光融合蛋白, 中间为DAPI染色后的细胞核, 右侧为合并图像。40倍镜下HEK293T细胞显微观察结果 Fig. 6 Subcellular localization of cGAS in Crassostrea gigas. Shown on the left is the fluorescent fusion protein of pEGFP and cGAS; shown in the middle is the nucleus after DAPI staining; and shown on the right is the combined image. The microscopic observation results of HEK293T cells at 40 magnifications |
图7 长牡蛎中cGAS对NF-κB(a)和ISRE-luc(b)的激活效果数据均以平均值±SEM表示, n=3, 显著性差异(P<0.05)由不同字母a—c表示 Fig. 7 The activating effect of cGAS on NF-κB (a) and ISRE-luc (b) in Crassostrea gigas. All data are expressed as mean±SEM, n = 3. Significant differences (P< 0.05) are identified by different letters, a-c |
图8 长牡蛎cGAS敲降后下游因子表达情况a. 荧光定量PCR检测敲降效果; b. cGAS敲降后下游免疫因子表达量; 数据均以平均值±SEM表示, n=3, *表示 P<0.05, **表示P<0.01, ***表示P<0.001, ****表示P<0.0001 Fig. 8 Expression of downstream factors after cGAS knockdown in Crassostrea gigas; (a) fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the knockdown effect; (b) expression of downstream immune factors after cGAS knockdown. All data are presented as mean ± SEM, with significance denoted as * for P<0.05, ** for P<0.01, *** for P<0.001, and **** for P<0.0001 |
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