漂浮式光伏技术作为一种新兴的海上光伏解决方案，能助力沿海地区能源结构转型，拓宽海上资源利用空间，具有广阔的发展前景，有望为国家提出的“3060”战略提供重要支撑。针对目前尚缺乏对近海漂浮式光伏发电量测算方法研究的现状，本研究基于目标海域波浪运动及其它海洋环境特征，提出了近海漂浮式光伏发电量测算模型。首先，基于波浪力学及浮体水动力学理论，以目标海域波陡Γ为小值（波高H/波长L<<1）作为边界条件，采用辐射能效率η_A及时均倾角ε来量化波浪对光伏组件的长期影响，得到规则波作用下的倾斜面等效辐照量目标函数；其次，鉴于海水反射、蒸发、对流作用，考虑组件背面及水面冷却效应的影响，引入背面辐照度实用化计算公式及水面冷却效应因子，以表征光伏组件背面及水面冷却效应正向增益；最后，与目标场址进行实际测算对比，结果显示测算数值与理论数值相差在10%以内，符合预期差值限度。因此，本研究对近海漂浮式光伏技术发展与完善具有重要参考价值，为后续相关海洋工程预期收益测算提供思路。

Floating photovoltaic technology, as an emerging offshore solar solution, can assist coastal areas in transforming their energy structure, expand the utilization of marine resources, and has broad development prospects. It is expected to provide significant support for the country's “3060” strategy. In response to the current lack of research on the calculation methods for offshore floating photovoltaic power generation, this study proposes a calculation model for offshore floating photovoltaic power output based on wave motion and other marine environmental characteristics of the target marine area. Firstly, based on the theories of wave mechanics and the hydrodynamics of floating bodies, and considering the steepness of the target sea area Γ as a small value (wave height H / wave length L << 1) as a boundary condition, the study uses radiation energy efficiency η_A and the time-averaged tilt angle ε to quantify the long-term impact of waves on photovoltaic modules, resulting in an equivalent irradiance objective function for the inclined surface under regular wave action; Secondly, considering the effects of the back of the photovoltaic modules and cooling on the water surface caused by seawater reflection, evaporation, and convection respectively, a practical calculation formula for back irradiance and a cooling effect factor for the water surface are introduced to represent the positive gain from the cooling effects on the back of the photovoltaic modules and the water surface. Finally, a comparison with actual measurements at the target site shows that the calculated values differ from the theoretical values by less than 10%, which is within the expected variance limit. Therefore, this study has significant reference value for the development and improvement of offshore floating photovoltaic technology, providing ideas for the estimation of expected returns in subsequent related marine engineering projects.