东北印度洋90°E海岭表层沉积物碳酸钙组成与影响因子*
*本文样品收集搭载的国家自然科学基金共享航次(42149910、42249910) (航次编号: NORC2022-10+NORC2022-303、NORC2023-10+NORC2023-303)由中国科学院南海海洋研究所“实验6”号科考船实施, 在此一并致谢
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杜恕环(1982—), 女, 广东省汕头市人, 副研究员, 博士, 主要从事海洋风成与微体古生物研究。email: shuhuandu@scsio.ac.cn |
Editor: 孙翠慈
收稿日期: 2025-01-01
修回日期: 2025-02-06
网络出版日期: 2025-03-10
基金资助
海南省科技计划三亚崖州湾科技城联合项目(2021JJLH0048)
广东省自然科学基金(2023A1515010705)
广东省自然科学基金(2023A1515011955)
中国科学院南海海洋研究所自主一体化项目(SCSIO2023HC07)
国家自然科学基金项目(42176082)
国家自然科学基金共享航次计划项目(42149910)
国家自然科学基金共享航次计划项目(42249910)
Calcium carbonate composition of surface sediments and influencing factors in the 90°E Ridge of the northeastern Indian Ocean*
Editor: SUN Cuici
Received date: 2025-01-01
Revised date: 2025-02-06
Online published: 2025-03-10
Supported by
Hainan Provincial Joint Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City(2021JJLH0048)
Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515010705)
Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515011955)
Independent Integration Program, South China Sea Institute of Oceanography, Chinese Academy of Sciences(SCSIO2023HC07)
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42176082)
Shiptime Sharing Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)(42149910)
Shiptime Sharing Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)(42249910)
本研究针对东北印度洋90°E海岭区表层沉积物碳酸钙空间分异机制的科学问题, 通过多尺度分析方法揭示其控制因素与生物地球化学过程。基于10个站位表层沉积物的全样及分粒级(> 150μm、63~150μm、38~63μm、25~38μm、< 25μm)碳酸钙含量测试, 结合扫描电镜显微特征定量统计, 发现: (1)研究区碳酸钙含量呈现36.95%~74.76%的显著空间分异(均值56.05%), 形成30%~45%、45%~60%、60%~75%三级梯度格局; (2)水深3000m以上区域, 碳酸钙主控组分为> 150μm浮游有孔虫壳体(占比> 65%), 而接近/超过溶跃面的站位则以< 25μm细颗粒组分为主(贡献率> 58%); (3)显微特征定量分析首次揭示25~38μm组分中钙质沟鞭藻化石(相对丰度最高达73.68%)与超微化石、有孔虫碎片的协同沉积模式。进一步研究表明, 碳酸钙分布主要由三元调控机制主导, 即水深控制的溶解效应、陆源碎屑输入和硅质生物稀释作用。本研究创新性地建立了“粒级分离-显微统计-环境解译”的综合研究方法。该方法不仅完善了海山地貌单元碳酸钙分布理论模型, 其发现的钙质沟鞭藻新碳源类型也拓展了对深海无机碳库的组成认知。研究成果可为全球海岭区碳酸钙保存机制的对比研究提供关键案例, 并通过改进粒径特异性碳酸钙通量算法, 为海洋碳循环模型参数化提供重要科学依据。
杜恕环 , 向荣 , 苏翔 , 张兰兰 , 潘子锐 , 谢金沃 , 罗传秀 , 万随 . 东北印度洋90°E海岭表层沉积物碳酸钙组成与影响因子*[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2026 , 45(1) : 73 -80 . DOI: 10.11978/2025001
This study addresses the scientific question of the spatial differentiation mechanisms of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in surface sediments across the 90°E Ridge in the northeastern Indian Ocean, employing a multi-scale analytical approach to elucidate controlling factors and biogeochemical processes. Through bulk and size-fractionated ( > 150 μm, 63-150 μm, 38-63 μm, 25-38 μm, < 25 μm) CaCO3 contribution analyses of surface sediments from 10 stations, combined with quantitative statistical analysis of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) microfeatures, the following findings were obtained: (1) The CaCO3 content exhibits significant spatial variability (36.95%-74.76%, mean 56.05%), forming a tripartite gradient pattern of 30%-45%, 45%-60%, and 60%-75%. (2) In regions with water depths above 3000 m, the dominant CaCO3 component is planktonic foraminiferal shells (> 150 μm, contributing > 65%), while stations near or above the lysocline are dominated by the < 25 μm fine-grained fraction (contribution > 58%). (3) Quantitative microfeature analysis reveals, for the first time, a co-deposition pattern of calcareous dinoflagellate fossils (relative abundance up to 73.68%) with coccoliths and foraminiferal fragments in the 25-38 μm fraction. Further investigations demonstrate that CaCO3 distribution is governed by a ternary regulatory mechanism involving water depth-dependent dissolution effects, terrigenous clastic input, and siliceous biological dilution. This study innovatively establishes an integrated methodology of “grain-size separation-microscopic statistics-environmental interpretation”, which not only refines theoretical models of CaCO3 distribution in seamount geomorphic units but also expands the understanding of deep-sea inorganic carbon reservoirs by identifying calcareous dinoflagellate fossils as a novel carbon source. The findings provide a critical case study for comparative research on CaCO3 preservation mechanisms in global ridge systems and offer vital scientific insights for parameterizing marine carbon cycle models through improved algorithms for size-specific CaCO3 flux calculations.
表1 东北印度洋90°E海岭表层沉积物样品信息Tab. 1 Information of surface sediment samples from the 90°E Ridge in the northeastern Indian Ocean |
| 样品号 | 经度 | 纬度 | 水深/m |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22HN01 | 90°10′12″E | 5°00′36″N | 3573 |
| 22HN02 | 90°00′00″E | 4°06′36″N | 3830 |
| 22HN09 | 90°55′12″E | 2°58′11″N | 3083 |
| 23EI-01-BOX | 89°33′36″E | 4°40′48″N | 3937 |
| 23EI-03 | 91°27′00″E | 3°15′00″N | 4157 |
| 23HN03 | 89°54′00″E | 3°01′12″N | 2553 |
| 23HN04 | 89°43′48″E | 1°59′23″N | 2746 |
| 23HN05 | 86°43′11″E | 3°17′24″N | 4208 |
| 23HN07 | 88°58′11″E | 3°04′12″N | 3733 |
| 23MG-04 | 90°14′23″E | 3°58′11″N | 2636 |
图3 东北印度洋90°E海岭区表层沉积物分粒径组分碳酸盐百分比含量图a. 不同粒径组分占沉积物全样百分比; b. 不同粒径组分碳酸钙对全样碳酸钙贡献量百分比 Fig. 3 Percentage of carbonate content by grain size fraction in surface sediments from the 90°E Ridge area, northeastern Indian Ocean. (a) Percentage of different grain size fractions relative to the whole sediment sample; (b) percentage contribution of calcium carbonate from different grain size fractions to the whole calcium carbonate sample |
图4 东北印度洋90°E海岭区表层沉积物样品扫描电镜图a. 钙质超微化石; b. 钙质沟鞭藻(Calciodinellum albatrosianum)和有孔虫壳体碎片; c. 钙质沟鞭藻(Calciodinellum arctica)和放射虫壳体; d. 23HN04样品的低倍扫描电镜图 Fig. 4 Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of surface sediment samples from the 90°E Ridge area, northeastern Indian Ocean. (a) Calcareous nannofossils; (b) calcareous gourami (Calciodinellum albatrosianum) and foraminiferal shell fragments; (c) calcareous gourami (Caracomia arctica) and radiolarians shells; (d) zoomed-out SEM micrographs of sample 23HN04 |
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