从海绵共附生真菌Penicillium crustosum SCSIO 41442中分离得到1个新生物碱diacedolinate（1）和14个已知化合物（2~15）。通过光谱学分析和电子圆二色谱（ECD）测定了所有化合物的结构，并对这些化合物进行了抗氧化和抗菌活性测试。结果表明，化合物1具有弱抗氧化活性，半抑制浓度（IC₅₀, half maximal inhibitory concentration）为 (71.00±0.14)μg·mL^-1.。与阳性对照维生素C相比，化合物2表现出强抗氧化活性，IC₅₀为 (1.25±0.10) μg·mL^-1。化合物9、10、11和15对耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌（methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA）、Colletotrichum asianum HNM 408, Colletotrichum acutatum HNM RC178 和 Alternaria alternate多种病原菌表现出广谱的抗菌活性，最小抑菌浓度（MIC, minimum inhibitory concentration）为2.5~160 μg·mL^-1.。这些化合物的活性均为首次报道。

A new alkaloid, diacedolinate (1), together with 15 known compounds (2–16) were isolated from sponge–associated fungus Penicillium crustosum SCSIO 41442. The structure of these compounds was determined by spectrum analysis and ECD (electronic circular dichroism). All compounds were tested for their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. As the result, compound 1 showed remarkable antioxidant activity with IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) value of 71.00 μg/mL. Compound 2 displayed extensive antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 1.25 μg/mL, compared with the positive control, Vitamin C. In addition, compounds 9, 10, 11 and 16 demonstrated broad antimicrobial activity against a variety of pathogens, including MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), Colletotrichum asianum HNM 408, Colletotrichum acutatum HNM RC178 and Alternaria alternate, with MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) values between 2.5 and 160 μg/mL. The activity of these compounds was reported for the first time.