2013年11月~2014年2月间, 在广东汕头南澳岛的野外调查过程中采集到一种丝状红藻, 经鉴定为岩生多管藻绒毛变种Polysiphonia scopulorum var. villum(J. Agardh)Hollenberg, 其主要特征为: 1. 藻体大量密集丛生于岩石上, 呈绒毛垫状; 2. 藻体小, 由匍匐枝与直立枝构成, 直立枝高度不超过1cm; 3. 直立枝分枝少或不分枝, 枝端顶细胞钝圆; 4. 假根由围轴细胞中部向外突出产生, 不被侧壁切割; 5. 毛丝体少量且较短, 1~3叉, 脱落后留下的痕细胞明显; 6. 囊果长卵形,有喙; 7. 精子囊枝由毛丝体原发育形成, 螺旋排列于枝端, 圆柱状, 无不孕顶细胞; 8. 四分孢子囊4-6-(10)个微螺旋状直长列, 球形, 其孢子囊盖细胞为2个。该种在南中国海为首次记录。为了精细观察藻体的内部结构, 摸索出了一套“染色-压片”方法, 以方便对此类属种的解剖学结构观察与分类研究。通过对该藻形态学及四分孢子囊的发育进行详细观察, 丰富了该物种的形态学知识, 扩展了其地理分布等信息。
Samples of Polysiphonia scopulorum var. villum (J. Agardh) Hollenberg have been collected from Nan’ao Island, Shantou, Guangdong province during the field survey of November 2013~February 2014, and identified. We found the following combination of the characters: 1. the plants grown densely in tufts on rocks with villous mat shape; 2. the thalli composed with prostrate and erect branches in which the erect branches were less than 1 cm high; 3. the erect branches, sparsely branching out or not, with blunt apical cells; 4)the rhizoids stretching outward from the middle part of the pericentral cells with open connection; 5. the trichoblasts being sparse and short with 1~3 dichotomies, deciduous, often leaving conspicuous scar-cells; 6. mature cystocarps being ovate with a protruding ostiole; 7. the spermatangial branches arising from the entire trichoblast primordium, being arranged in a spiral manner at the tip of the branches, cylindrical without a celled sterile tip; and 8. the tetrasporangia occurring in slightly spiral series of up to 4-6-(10) successively, maturing sporangia spherical with two cover cells in a distal portion of the indeterminate lateral branches. This is the first time the species was recorded at the coast of the South China Sea. In order to observe the intimate internal structure of these filamentous thalli, a set of “dye-press” method to experimental materials was operated originally to be beneficial to the taxonomical research of those similar genera. The morphology and the tetrasporangial development of the species were observed in detail in this study. The results should enrich our knowledge of the morphology and geographical distribution of the species.
[1] .孙建璋. 2006. 浙江底栖海藻记录[M]. 北京: 海洋出版社: 58-66.
[2] .项斯端. 2004. 中国多管藻属及新管藻属的研究[J]. 浙江大学学报, 31(1): 88-96.
[3] .项斯端. 2011. 多管藻[M]//曾呈奎, 夏邦美, 丁兰平, 等. 中国海藻志: 第二卷 红藻门, 第七册 松节藻科. 北京: 科学出版社: 148-174.
[4] .AGARDH J G. 1863. Species genera et ordines algarum[M]. Lund: Gleerup, 23: 787-1291.
[5] .FALKENBERG P. 1901. Die Rhodomelaceen des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-Abschnitte[J]. Fauna Flora Golf Neapel Monogr, 26: 1-754. Pls: 1-24.
[6] .GREVILLE R K. 1823. Scottish Cryptogamic Flora[J]. Edinburgh, 2(18): Ⅰ-Ⅲ. Pls: 86-90.
[7] .GUIRY M D, GUIRY G M. 2014. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway[DB/OL]. [2014-02-27]. http://www.algaebase.org.
[8] .HOLLENBERG G J. 1942. An account of the species of Polysiphonia on the Pacific coast of North America. I. Oligosiphonia[J]. American Journal of Botany, 29: 772-758.
[9] .HOLLENBERG G J. 1968. An Account of the species of Polysiphonia of the central and western tropical Pacific Ocean I. Oligosiphonia[J]. Pacific Science, 22: 56-98.
[10] .HOLLENBERG G J. 1977. The red alga Polysiphonia (Rhodomelaceae) in the northern Gulf of California[J]. Smithsonian contributions to the marine sciences, 1: 1-19.
[11] .KAPRAUN D F. 1977. The genus Polysiphonia in North Carolina, USA[J]. Botanica Marina, 20: 313-331.
[12] .KIM M S, LEE I K, BOO S M. 1994. Morphological studies of the red alga Polysiphonia morrowii Harvey on the Korean Coast[J]. The Korean Journal of Phycology, 9(2): 185-192.
[13] .KIM M S, LEE I K. 1999. Neosiphonia flavimarina gen. et sp. nov. with a taxonomic reassessment of the genus Polysiphonia (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) [J]. Phycol Res, 47: 271-281.
[14] .KIM M S, LEE I K, GUIRY M D. 2002. Vegetative and reproductive morphology of Polysiphonia lanosa (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) from Ireland[J]. Botanica Marina, 45: 293-302.
[15] .KIM M S. 2003. Taxonomic reassessment of the genus Polysiphonia (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta): morphology and reproduction of Neosiphonia decumbens and N . harlandii [J]. Algae, 18: 107-119.
[16] .KUDO T, MASUDA M. 1986. A taxonomic study of Polysiphonia japonica HARVEY and P . akkeshiensis SEGI (Rhodophyta) [J]. Japanese Journal of Phycology, 34: 293-310.
[17] .SETCHELL W A, GARDNER N I. 1903. Algae of northwestern America[M]. California: University of California Publications in botany, 1: 165-418.
[18] .SILVA P C, BASSON P W, MOE R L. 1966. Catalogue of the benthic marine algae of the Indian Ocean[J]. Univ Publ Bot, 79: 1-1259.
[19] .STUERCKE B, FRESHWATER D W. 2008. Consistency of morphological characters used to delimit Polysiphonia sensu lato species (Ceramiales, Florideophyceae): Analyses of North Carolina, USA specimens[J]. Phycologia, 47: 541-559.
[20] .UWAI S, MASUDA M. 1999. Kintarosiphonia (Rhodomelaceae, Ceramiales), a new red algal genus based on Pterosiphonia fibrillosa Okamura from Japan[J]. Phycologia, 38(3), 225-233.
[21] .WOMERSLEYH B S. 1979. Southern Australian species of Polysiphonia Greville (Rhodophyta) [J]. Australian Journal of Botany, 27: 459-528.
