鲜活饵料种类与投喂方式对大西洋金黄水母(Chrysaora quinquecirrha)螅状体无性生殖能力的影响

doi:10.11978/2025109

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目前人工繁育的分布于热带或亚热带的大西洋金黄水母(Chrysaora quinquecirrha), 在实验室条件下主要以摄食孵化的卤虫(Artemia sp.)无节幼体(1日龄)为主, 与野外环境相比摄食饵料种类显得较为单一, 为进一步模拟野外生存环境, 丰富热带水母种类螅状体群体饵料营养体系, 将大西洋金黄水母螅状体培养在(23±1)℃恒温条件下1L的玻璃烧杯中, 分别投喂卤虫无节幼体、皱褶臂尾轮虫(Brachionus plicatilis)和海月水母(Aurelia coerulea)成体碎块。每个饵料组设置4个投饵频率分别为: 每1日、3日、7日、15日各投喂1次。结果表明, 卤虫组每1日投饵频次下螅状体总数最高为31.0±1.0, 较其他各处理组差异显著 (P<0.05); 卤虫组每日投饵频次组产生足囊量最大为336.0±15.5, 较其他各处理组差异极显著(P<0.01); 轮虫组每15日投饵频次足囊萌发率最高为(37.5±0.8)%, 较其他各处理组差异显著(P<0.05); 海月组每日投饵频次下的出芽繁殖量所占2种无性繁殖总量的百分比最高为24.0%较其他各饵料组差异显著(P<0.05)。本研究初步探讨了恒温条件下不同鲜活饵料和投饵频次对大西洋金黄水母螅状体无性增殖发育的影响, 以期为开展热带水母种类螅状体人工保种、降低种质退化风险、扩大种群密度、螅状幼体阶段环境调控机制的研究提供借鉴和数据参考。

关键词: 大西洋金黄水母, 螅状体, 鲜活饵料, 投饵频次, 无性生殖

Abstract:

Currently, artificially bred Chrysaora quinquecirrha primarily rely on hatched Artemia sp. (1 day old) as food under laboratory conditions, which, in comparison to their natural habitat, limits their dietary diversity. To better replicate their wild living environment and enrich the nutritional diet of the jellyfish polyp colony, polyps of Chrysaora quinquecirrha were cultivated in 1L glass beakers under controlled temperature settings[(23±1)℃], and fed with larvae of Artemia sp., Brachionus plicatilis, and Aurelia coerulea, respectively. To explore the long-term preservation techniques for Chrysaora quinquecirrha polyps in the laboratory, four feeding frequencies were established for each group: once daily, once every three days, once every seven days, and once every fifteen days. The results revealed that the polyps thrived in all three live feed groups, with a complete survival rate in the Brachionus plicatilis group, whereas some mortality was noted in the Aurelia coerulea group. Different feeding frequencies exerted varying impacts on the growth indices of Chrysaora quinquecirrha polyps. The maximum polyp count was observed at a feeding frequency of once daily (31.0±1.0). Furthermore, the highest podocyst production also occurred at a frequency of once daily (336.0±15.5). Notably, the highest podocyst germination rate was found in the Artemia sp. and Brachionus plicatilis groups at a frequency of once every fifteen days (37.5±0.8)%. The percentage of budding reproduction of Aurelia coerulea group at a feeding frequency of once daily accounted for the highest proportion of the total asexual reproduction of the two types, reaching 24.0%, which was significantly different from the other feed groups. Lastly, all groups fed with Artemia sp., Brachionus plicatilis, and Aurelia coerulea at the fifteen-day frequency showed a relatively lower number of ephyra released from transverse cleavage compared to the other groups. This study investigated the effects of diverse fresh foods and feeding frequencies on the asexual reproduction and development of Chrysaora quinquecirrha polyps under long-term laboratory conditions to reduce the risk of germplasm degradation, offering valuable insights to the artificial preservation of jellyfish and the enhancement of population density.

Key words: Chrysaora quinquecirrha, polyp, fresh food, feeding frequency, asexual reproduction

中图分类号:

Q958.8

周强, 杨翠华, 陈薛伟杰, 齐继光, 王有昆, 王云忠. 鲜活饵料种类与投喂方式对大西洋金黄水母(Chrysaora quinquecirrha)螅状体无性生殖能力的影响[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2026, 45(3): 164-173.

ZHOU Qiang, YANG Cuihua, CHEN Xueweijie, QI Jiguang, WANG Youkun, WANG Yunzhong. Effects of live bait types and feeding methods on the asexual reproductive ability of polyps of Chrysaora quinquecirrha[J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2026, 45(3): 164-173.

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