热带海洋学报

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基于DNA宏条形码技术与碳氮稳定同位素的西沙群岛海域篱凤螺(Strombus luhuanus)食性研究

卢婉婷1,2, 赵张琪1, 关善尹1, 柴锐1, 张颖1, 杨清松1, 霍达1, 岑希彤1, 许瀚之3, 于宗赫2, 何毛贤1, 陈偿1, 刘文广1   

  1. 1.海南西沙海洋环境国家野外科学观测研究站(中国科学院南海海洋研究所), 广东 广州510301;


    2.华南农业大学海洋学院, 广东 广州510642;


    3.烟台市海洋经济研究院, 山东 烟台 264003


  • 收稿日期:2026-04-03 修回日期:2026-06-05 接受日期:2026-06-26
  • 通讯作者: 刘文广
  • 基金资助:
     国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2401305); 三沙市人大常委会项目, 海南西沙海洋环境国家野外科学观测研究站开放课题(2025002)

Feeding ecology of Strombus luhuanus in the waters of the Xisha Islands: a combined approach using DNA metabarcoding and carbon-nitrogen stable isotopes

LU Wanting ¹,², ZHAO Zhangqi ¹, GUAN Shanyin ¹, CHAI Rui ¹, ZHANG Ying ¹, YANG  Qingsong ¹, HUO Da ¹, CEN Xitong ¹, XU Hanzhi ³, YU Zonghe ², HE Maoxian ¹, CHEN Chang ¹, LIU Wenguang ¹   

  1. 1.Xisha Marine Environmental National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station (South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Guangzhou 510301, China


    2.College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China


    3.Yantai Institute of Marine Economy, Yantai 264003, China


  • Received:2026-04-03 Revised:2026-06-05 Accepted:2026-06-26
  • Supported by:

    National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFD2401305); Project of the Standing Committee of Sansha Municipal People's Congress, Open Fund of Xisha Marine Environmental National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station (2025002)

摘要: 为揭示西沙珊瑚礁红娇凤凰螺(Strombus luhuanus)自然生境下的食源组成及食性季节动态变化,本研究采用基于18S rDNA V4区的DNA宏条形码技术,对该物种夏、秋两季肠道内容物进行高通量测序,解析其食源物种组成特征及季节变化规律。结果表明,夏、秋季样品分别获得241、327个操作分类单元(OTU),分属18门45纲62目69科91属121种、17门47纲66目75科101属132种,秋季有效序列数与OTU数量均显著高于夏季。红娇凤凰螺食源以甲藻纲为核心的藻类类群为绝对主导,夏季甲藻纲相对丰度稳定在55.93%~57.91%,秋季为35.95%~65.09%,同时检出节肢动物、线虫等动物类群及子囊菌、担子菌等真菌类群,整体呈现植食为主、兼食碎屑的混合食性特征。夏、秋季食源组成存在显著季节性分异,夏季食性专一,以石莼目、褐藻纲等底栖附着藻类为特征差异类群;秋季食源更趋多样化,优势特征类群为原甲藻目等甲藻及植菌纲、鱼孢霉纲等与有机碎屑相关的异养类群,且站点间食源组成异质性更高。红娇凤凰螺的食性季节分化是对珊瑚礁生态系统季节性资源波动的适应性策略,其在摄食中兼具底栖藻类利用与有机碎屑清理的功能,是珊瑚礁生态系统中重要的初级消费者与碎屑利用者。本研究首次为西沙红娇凤凰螺的自然食源组成提供分子实证,研究结果为该物种的生态功能评估、珊瑚礁资源保护及人工养殖饵料配比提供了科学依据。

关键词: 红娇凤凰螺, DNA宏条形码, 18S rDNA V4区, 食性组成, 季节动态

Abstract: To reveal the natural food source composition and seasonal dynamics of the feeding habits of Strombus luhuanus in the coral reefs of the Xisha Islands, this study adopted the DNA metabarcoding technology based on the 18S rDNA V4 region to perform high-throughput sequencing on the intestinal contents of this species in summer and autumn, and analyzed the characteristics of its food source species composition and the pattern of seasonal differentiation. The results showed that a total of 241 and 327 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained from the summer and autumn samples, belonging to 18 phyla, 45 classes, 62 orders, 69 families, 91 genera, 121 species and 17 phyla, 47 classes, 66 orders, 75 families, 101 genera, 132 species, respectively. The number of valid sequences and OTUs in autumn was significantly higher than that in summer. The food sources of S. luhuanus were absolutely dominated by algal groups with Dinophyceae as the core, with the relative abundance of Dinophyceae stably ranging from 55.93% to 57.91% in summer and from 35.95% to 65.09% in autumn. Meanwhile, animal groups such as Arthropoda and Nematoda, as well as fungal groups including Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were detected. Though not the core food sources, these groups reflected the complexity of its feeding habits and the characteristics of detritivory, indicating an overall mixed feeding habit dominated by herbivory and supplemented by detritivory. Significant seasonal differentiation was observed in the food source composition between summer and autumn. S. luhuanus exhibited a specific feeding habit in summer, with benthic attached algae such as Ulvales and Phaeophyceae as the characteristic differential groups; in autumn, the food sources were more diverse, with Dinophyceae such as Prorocentrales and heterotrophic groups associated with organic detritus including Phytomyxea and Ichthyosporea as the dominant characteristic groups, and the food source composition showed higher heterogeneity among different stations. The seasonal differentiation of the feeding habits of S. luhuanus is an adaptive strategy to the seasonal fluctuations of resources in the coral reef ecosystem. This species functions in both the utilization of benthic algae and the decomposition of organic detritus during feeding, serving as an important primary consumer and detritivore in the coral reef ecosystem. This study provides the first molecular empirical evidence for the natural food source composition of S. luhuanus in the Xisha Islands, and the results offer a scientific basis for the evaluation of the ecological functions of this species, the protection of coral reef resources, and the formulation of bait ratios for its artificial culture.

Key words: Strombus luhuanus, DNA metabarcoding, 18S rDNA V4 region, dietary composition, seasonal dynamics