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热带海洋学报

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大型工程影响下沙井岛人工沙滩沉积地貌变化过程

李建明1, 兰东林2, 杨东卫2, 黎树式2,3, 4, 5, 梁喜幸2, 王梦竹1, 徐美昊2, 毛明义6
  

  1. 1. 北部湾大学海洋学院, 广西 钦州 535011;

    2. 北部湾大学资源与环境学院, 广西 钦州 535011;

    3. 广西海洋环境灾害过程与生态保护技术重点实验室, 广西 钦州 535011;

    4. 平陆运河河口海湾生态系统广西野外科学观测研究站, 广西 钦州 535000;

    5. 北部湾海洋发展研究中心(北部湾大学), 广西 钦州 535011;

    6. 南宁师范大学地理科学与规划学院, 广西 南宁 530000;


  • 收稿日期:2026-04-06 修回日期:2026-07-16 接受日期:2026-07-23
  • 通讯作者: 黎树式
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42366008);广西自然科学基金项目(2025GXNSFHA069274);2025年省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202511607209)

Morphodynamic evolution of an Artificial Beach on Shajing Island under the influence of Large-Scale Engineering Projects

LI Jianming1, LAN Donglin2, YANG Dongwei2, LI Shushi2,3, 4, 5, LIANG Xixing2, WANG Mengzhu1, XU Meihao2, MAO Mingyi6    

  1. 1. College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China

    2. College of Resources and Environment, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China

    3. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Disaster Processes and Ecological Protection Technology, Qinzhou 535011, China

    4. Guangxi Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for the Estuary and Bay Ecosystem of the Pinglu Canal, Qinzhou 535000, China

    5. Beibu Gulf Marine Development Research Center (Beibu Gulf University), Qinzhou 535011, China

    6. School of Geography and Planning, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530000, China


  • Received:2026-04-06 Revised:2026-07-16 Accepted:2026-07-23
  • Supported by:

    National Natural Science Foundation of China (42366008); Guangxi Natural Science Foundation (2025GXNSFHA069274); 2025 Provincial University Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project(S202511607209)

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摘要： 沙井岛人工沙滩位于平陆运河出海口, 是典型受到平陆运河建设影响的区域。基于2019—2025年高分辨率遥感影像、2020—2025年无人机航测数据及2018—2025年Landsat影像, 采用无人机航测、随机森林、数字岸线分析、遥感反演等方法探讨人工沙滩沉积地貌的时空演变特征及演变过程。结果表明：（1）平陆运河建设背景下造成沙滩的淤积明显, 2023—2025年间总体淤积量达27912.56m3, 淤积量远高于工程建设前水平; 当悬浮泥沙浓度区间（24—35mg·L-1）的含量每上升1%, 滩面淤积910.33m3, 但由于时间较短, 从长远来看可能更明显; 潮流作用促进沟槽发育并增强水边线曲折。（2）在平陆运河建设前, 2020—2022年, 植被的恢复逐渐侵占着沙滩, 使沙滩平均每年减少的面积约103748.5m2, 平陆运河建设背景下沙滩水边线向海推进趋势明显, 使2023—2025年植被逐渐恢复过程中沙滩面积基本保持不变; 具体表现为当悬浮泥沙浓度区间（24—35mg·L-1）的含量每上升1%, 水边线向海推进约0.6m; 极端事件中, 台风可在短期内诱发强烈局部侵蚀。研究表明, 平陆运河建设促进人工沙滩向海淤积; 同时, 台风事件以及植被变化等因素共同影响沙滩地貌演化过程。研究结果可为人工沙滩养护与滨海工程管理提供科学依据。

关键词: 人工沙滩, 沉积地貌, 遥感反演, 平陆运河

Abstract: The artificial beach of Shajing Island is located at the outlet of the Pinglu Canal and represents a typical coastal zone significantly influenced by large-scale engineering construction. Based on high-resolution remote sensing images from 2019 to 2025, UAV survey data from 2020 to 2025, and Landsat imagery from 2018 to 2025, this study integrates UAV photogrammetry, random forest classification, digital shoreline analysis, and remote sensing inversion to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and processes of the artificial beach’s depositional geomorphology. The results indicate that: (1) under the influence of the Pinglu Canal construction, sediment deposition on the beach has been significantly enhanced. During 2023–2025, the total deposition volume reached 27,912.56 m³, which is substantially higher than that before the project. For every 1% increase in the proportion of suspended sediment concentration within the range of 24–35 mg·L⁻¹, the beach accretion increased by 910.33 m³. Although the observation period is relatively short, the long-term effect is expected to be more pronounced. In addition, tidal dynamics promote the development of beach troughs and increase shoreline sinuosity. (2) Prior to the construction of the Pinglu Canal (2020–2022), vegetation recovery progressively encroached upon the beach, resulting in an average annual reduction of approximately 103,748.5 m². Under the influence of the canal construction, the shoreline exhibited a clear seaward progradation trend, which offset the impact of vegetation recovery and maintained a relatively stable beach area during 2023–2025. Specifically, for every 1% increase in suspended sediment concentration within the range of 24–35 mg·L⁻¹, the shoreline advanced seaward by approximately 0.6 m. During extreme events, such as typhoons, intense localized erosion can occur over short periods. Overall, the construction of the Pinglu Canal has promoted seaward accretion of the artificial beach. Meanwhile, typhoon events and vegetation dynamics jointly influence the geomorphological evolution of the beach. These findings provide a scientific basis for artificial beach maintenance and coastal engineering management.

Key words: artificial beach, sedimentary geomorphology, remote sensing inversion, Pinglu Canal